The Letters of Col. Martin Troyes, Unique Eyewitness to the Nghệ-Tĩnh Soviets in 1930 and Military Magistrate, 1935-1961

Introduction

Martin Justin Troyes, 1905 – 1996, was born into the Catholic bourgeoisie of the town of Samatan, Department of the Gers, France. His father, Ludovic, a lawyer, participated extensively in the Occitan literary movement. Young Martin elected to join the Cavalry School at Saumur at 16, and he graduated in 1924 at age 19. He took his degree in law from Toulouse subsequently, and then entered the Colonial Army. Troyes had a long and interesting career in the French Army, retiring definitively as a colonel in the military justice system only in 1965 after postings in France, Senegal, Germany, and Algeria.

What interests us relative to the Nghệ-Tĩnh Soviets are letters he wrote from his first posting to Indochina, between 1928 and 1936; I think that he may provide the sole first-hand, eyewitness military account that has survived. While there are contemporary reports by Catholic priests, and of course the famous 1932 Viet Nam: La tragédie indochinoise by Louis Roubaud and the 1935 S.O.S. Indochine by Andrée Viollis, I am unaware of personal reports transmitted from the ground in the middle of the conflict.

The summaries of the letters I will post here originate with a sale of Troyes’ personal effects by a broker on Delcampe.net, a significant site for the auction and resale of collectibles based in Luxembourg. French law prohibits the reproduction of letters and other personal correspondence without the express permission of the author or her/his estate until 60 years after the person’s death. Thus, 2056, when I would be almost on the other side of 90. I will eventually donate the Troyes materials to an appropriate archive for direct use by scholars. For now, I can provide copies of letters based on individual requests.

When conducting research, beyond being a pretty good archival and library hound, I cast my net widely, and have found many interesting resources not only on Delcampe.net but also on eBay United States and eBay France, on Amazon United States and Amazon France, and, of all places, Etsy! If you set up a series of broadly and defined continuing searches and have patience and some financial resources (these things aren’t free, but they don’t tend to be expensive, either), you will come across some pretty interesting resources.

Remember that there is a natural tendency to want to purchase everything from a particular category at once, but your financial resources may not permit this. Only acquire what seems most important and remember that few people also look for these items, so it is likely that they will remain on an auction site for several weeks.

This website developed with the support of the Bucknell University College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Fund, the Dalal Family Fund for Creativity and Innovation, and the Bucknell University Humanities Center. Thanks to Bucknell students Cam Wade (’20), Lili Kilkenny (’21), and Kristin Delany (’25) for their support of this project.

Anyway, back to Lt. Troyes.

Here is the first addition to the Martin Troyes materials, a spreadsheet of his deployment to Hà Tĩnh drawn as a transcription and translation of an informal set of Journaux de Marche / After Action Reports that he kept.

Lt. Troyes' Journaux de Marche / After Action Reports from Hà Tĩnh

This spreadsheet translates and reproduces the informal Journaux de Marche / After Action Reports that Lt. Martin Troyes prepared while commanding a platoon of the 1st Company, 10th Battalion mixte d'infanterie coloniale (10e BMIC), from his deployment on Tuesday, 23 September 1930 until his unit returned to Huế on Monday 24 November 1930. Please note that Troyes completed his entries each day in ink a small notebook, and that his handwriting was (perhaps understandably) messy.

January 1, 1900	Place Started	Via	Place Ended	Individuals Involved	Actions Taken	Notes	Source
September 23, 1930	Huế		Vinh		By the 9h04 train, a section of the 1st Company, 10th Battalion mixte de l'Annam; (41 individuals, incl. 2 officers and 39 corporals, caporaux-chefs, and soldiers; by order 1636/B
September 25, 1930	Hà Tĩnh			Hong Ky, merchant at Hà Tĩnh	Establishment of the section in Hà Tĩnh, provisoned at the local market with bread, firewood to the point an 'epicerie' is developed by	Daily schedule: 6h00, revillie; Assembly 6h30; 6h30 - 8h30, callesthenics; 8h30, sick call; 9h00 - 10h00, KP; 10h00 - 10h15, Rescie (?); 10h30, Report; 10h30 Soupe; 14h30, Reveil de la Sieste 14h30; Théories, 14h30 - 16h00; 17h00 Rompez; 17h30, Soupe; 21h00 Roll-call; 21h30, Lights out
September 26, 1930	Hà Tĩnh				Continuation of set-up
September 27, 1930	Hà Tĩnh			Commandant Lambert, commander of Secondary subdivision of Vinh-Hà Tĩnh (connected to Hue Subdivison)
September 27, 1930	Hà Tĩnh				Telegram no. 253_3.0P informs that forces to be used to staff bases determined by the residents so that the police can be relieved to reestablish order
September 28, 1930	Nam Đàn				Official telegram announces an attack on the post of Nam Đàn near Vinh, with 17 ded, including une ? De ?
September 28, 1930	Đức Hòa				Attack on Đức Hòa
September 29, 1930	Hà Tĩnh				Résident de Hà Tĩnh, provincial mandarins inspect the section
September 29, 1930	Hà Tĩnh				Official telegram no. 255.3OP indictaes that indigenous guards are to manage all political relationships with the population and that the detacments are supposed to defend the bases alone
September 30, 1930	Hà Tĩnh				The night of the 30th to the 1st, around midnight, a group of around 400 demosntrtaors, from an unknown direction, appeared suddenly at the the village of Thu Viet, in Dong canton, when the canton chief lives. Where they looted his house, and then left in the direction of Cai Doc on the Route coloniale. Sergeant Séguinard brings all of the supplie needed for the detahcmnet from Vinh but because of an accident on the ferry has to transboard all of the supplies onto three sampans and up the Ca River toward Hà Tĩnh; In the region of Da Cho, a communist attack was aborted
October 1, 1930	Hà Tĩnh		Dak (?) Khé?	Sergeant Monfournoy takes provisions to the outpost of 12 linhs at Dak Khe post; Inspection by Lieutenant-Colonl Barbet, commander of the Hue subdivison	Sergeant Monfournoy takes provisions to the outpost of 12 linhs at Dak Khe post; Inspection by Lieutenant-Colonl Barbet, commander of the Hue subdivison
October 2, 1930	From the North of Hà Tĩnh		Hà Tĩnh		A column of demonstrators descended on Hà Tĩnh from the North in the morning.
October 2, 1930	From the South of Hà Tĩnh		Hà Tĩnh	Mr. Garnier, Director of the S.I.T.(?)	Mr. Garnier's car attacked on Colonial Route no. 1 at the start of the night, but the Chaffeur "fonce"
October 2, 1930	From the Northwest		Hà Tĩnh	Sgt. Montfournoy	Sgt. Montfournoy returns around 10h00; no events
October 3, 1930	Hà Tĩnh			Sgt. Leguinon	Sgt. Leguinon returns with al the matériel
October 4, 1930	Hà Tĩnh				Note agitation in Bentré, hamlets of Châu Phú and Chau Toi(?)
October 5, 1930	Hà Tĩnh				RAS (rien à signaler / nothing to report)
October 6, 1930	Hà Tĩnh		Hộ Độ	three soldiers	The Résident requisitions threee soldiers to spend the night of 6/7 October at the doors of the local customs house. Deaprture at 18h00 by private automobile
October 7, 1930	Hộ Độ		Hà Tĩnh	three soldiers (Sgt. Stauffer?)	Return of Group Stauffer at 7h00, no incidents
October 8, 1930	Hà Tĩnh	Kỳ Anh	Hà Tĩnh		Visit to the indigenous guard post at Kỳ Anh
October 9, 1930	Hà Tĩnh				Tracts in Frenhc distributed
October 10, 1930	Hà Tĩnh		Cầu Lộc	Caporal adjoint chef de poste = Caporal Truchot.	Pursuant to the orders of the Résident, the Séguinard Group is detached to Cầu Lộc in order to provisonally occuy the base there in order to permit the indigenous guard to accompany the poice and reinfoce the police if necessary. They take greatcoats, cover sheets, mattresses and mosquito nets., 1325 cartdiges for the FM 24/29 machne gun, 1320 DAM (?), 18 revolver cartridges, and 1 box of YB rifle grenades. The group is supplied by the post bus.
October 10, 1930	Hà Tĩnh	Vinh	Hà Tĩnh	Soldiers - Auguste Tref 11829, Joseph Autoni 1106, Francis (?) Le Pelletier 1676 are	Group sent to Vinh in order to rerieve 15 prisoners. Deaprture at 8h00.
October 10, 1930	Hà Tĩnh	Vinh	Hà Tĩnh	Caporal Abbaus 851, Jean Dafniet 2322, Leo Courio 2352, Heissier 11200 are sent to Vinh to escort 15 prisoners
October 10, 1930	Cầu Lộc		Cầu Lộc		Cầu Lộc group circulates with indigenous guard on an inspection. Nithing happens.
October 11, 1930	Hà Tĩnh	Poste Linh Cảm, Đức Thọ, Kilometer 10, poste garde indigène Phố Châu (inspecteur principal Gilbert)
October 12, 1930	Hà Tĩnh				RAS
October 13, 1930	Hà Tĩnh				RAS
October 14, 1930	Hà Tĩnh	Vinh	Hà Tĩnh	Caporal Mazine	To Vinh to retrieve supples for the detachment
October 15, 1930	Hà Tĩnh				Inspection of the cantonment by the RSA
October 16, 1930	Hà Tĩnh	Kỳ Anh	Hà Tĩnh	Garde principal Cabanés	Visit to the post of Kỳ Anh; soldier Eugène Burmeyer 12666 assists In the arrest of a person distributing tracts to French soldiers
October 17, 1930	Hà Tĩnh		Vinh	Jules Hazard 1142, Marcel Rivoillant 2289, Leon Couris 2352 tale pirsoners to Vinh 8h00	Transport of 15 prisoners to Vinh, leaving at 8h00
October 17, 1930	Hà Tĩnh	Hà Tĩnh	Vinh	to take 15 prisoners to Vinh prison and get weapon sdestined to the indigenous guard post at Hà Tĩnh
October 18, 1930	Hà Tĩnh	Hương Khê	Hà Tĩnh		Visit to Hương Khê oitpost
October 19, 1930	Hà Tĩnh	Cam Lộ	Hà Tĩnh	Naouci (?)		outpost a t Cau Lo to make conatct with 21 native soliders
October 23, 1930	Hà Tĩnh			Sgt. Montfournoy	Return of Sgt. Montfourny at 10h0, no incidents
October 23, 1930	Hà Tĩnh	Vinh	Hà Tĩnh	Le caporal Ruby 10212, soldiers Victor LeJeune 2676, Émile Heisier 11200, Jean Le Dafniet 2322, Macel Briand 2999, Léon Conrio 2352 sent to Vinh to escort 25 "détenus politiques"
October 24, 1930	Hà Tĩnh	Cầu Lộc	Hà Tĩnh		Visit to Cầu Lộc outpost
October 24, 1930	Hà Tĩnh	Vinh	Hà Tĩnh	Le caporal Satuffer 10764, soldiers 11841, 11884, 4290, 2376 sent to Vinh to escort 15 prisoners [no names given in this entry].
October 25, 1930	Hà Tĩnh	Hương Khê	Hà Tĩnh		Visit to Hương Khê oitpost
October 26, 1930	Hà Tĩnh	Uy Vien (?)	Hà Tĩnh		Visit to Uy Vien outpost
October 26, 1930	Hà Tĩnh			General Billote	Inspection of Uy Vien otpost by General Billote cancelled because of a car crash that kills Captain Bigot of the ordonannance, who is killed
October 27, 1930	Cầu Lộc	Phu Thac, Vinh Thuy, Hộ Độ	Cầu Lộc	Caporal chef Truchot (?)	Truchot and five soldiers of the Cầu Lộc outpost cooperate with a set of rounds with the police (to Phu Thac, Vinh Thuy, Hộ Độ) with the indigenous guard. No events. Note de service no 180/A.C. de la Subdivison de Hue gives precison to how military authority operates.
October 27, 1930	Hà Tĩnh	Xóm Tiên Trị (?)		Caporal Albano	Three soldiers detached and sent to the customs house at Xóm Tiên Trị (?) in a private auto at 16h00
October 27, 1930	Hà Tĩnh	Huế		Soldier Rivoullaut	Solider Rivoullaut 2289 is sent to the opthamalogical hospita in Hue for eye trouble
October 27, 1930	Hà Tĩnh	Huế	France	Soldiers Emile Hesserer 11200 and Marcel Mouillereaux 11133 sent to Hue because repatriable to France
October 28, 1930	Hà Tĩnh	Xóm Tiên Trị	Hà Tĩnh		Vsit to Xóm Tiên Trị outpost
October 28, 1930	Vinh				Word received from Sûreté in Vinh that communists have communicated that local peope should avoid wells and other water supplies near white troopsbecause they have been poisoned and that they have a device in the shape of a large gg that can kill many people when it explodes
October 30, 1930	Vinh		Huế	Soliders Marcel Naourer 2380 and Gustave Renard 9234 are retrurned to Hue in order to rejoin ther unit
October 30, 1930	Vinh				nh circulates a note that troops should circulate as much as possible rather than engage in repression because more effective in finding the guilty
October 30, 1930	Cầu Lộc	Dong Sa		Solider 1st Class Arcade Poulain 10968 cooperating with the police and indigenous guards helps arrest 16 who are showing two Red Flags
October 31, 1930	Hà Tĩnh	Kỳ Anh	Hà Tĩnh	Visit to Kỳ Anh Outpost
November 1, 1930	Hà Tĩnh				RAS (rien à signaler / nothing to report)
November 4, 1930	Hà Tĩnh	Vinh	Hà Tĩnh	Caporal Haguin (?)	Sent to Vinh to acquire official rations for the detachment
November 5, 1930	Hà Tĩnh	Cầu Lộc	Hà Tĩnh	Caporal Stauffer, Caporal Chef Truchot	Stauffer travels to Cầu Lộc to bring provisions and and recall Truchot, for reaosns of health
November 5, 1930	Hà Tĩnh	Linh Cảm	Hà Tĩnh		Visit to Linh Cảm outpost
November 5, 1930	Km. 10 Phố Châu				Aroiund 1h00, outpost receives shots and retruns fire in supposed direction
November 6, 1930	Hà Tĩnh				ndicates that the 7th is dangerous, so aptrls mounted at 12h00-12h30 and 4h39-5h00
November 7, 1930	Cầu Lộc				Visit to Cầu Lộc outpost
November 7, 1930	Hương Khê				Communist agitation
November 7, 1930	Vinh				Attacks indictaed - 53 communists killed
November 8, 1930	Cầu Lộc		Vinh	Sgt. Léguinnard	Eveening 7/8 around 24h00, a column of about 500 communists attacked the post at Cầu Lộc. Repelled with rifle fire, leaving 2 dead and 3 badly wounded. Two are taken prisoner. Sgt. :éguinnard returns to Hà Tĩnh
November 9, 1930	Hà Tĩnh	Uy Vien (?)	Hà Tĩnh	Caporal Chef Janicot	Vist by Janicot to Uy Vien
October 11, 1930	Hà Tĩnh				? Gives a gift of 15 piastres to the detachmnet from the Garde indigène
November 11, 1930	Hà Tĩnh				Review of the Garde indigène by the Résident
November 12, 1930	Hà Tĩnh				Gift of 30 piastres from the Minister of Justice on the occasion of the birthday of Bao Dai
November 3, 1930	Hà Tĩnh			Janicot	Caporal chef Janicot named sergeant
November 14, 1930	Hà Tĩnh	Kỳ Anh	Hà Tĩnh		Visit outpost Kỳ Anh
November 15, 1930	Hà Tĩnh	Cầu Lộc, Uy Vien	Hà Tĩnh		Vist to Cầu Lộc and Uy Vien outposts
November 16, 1930	Hà Tĩnh	Vinh	Hà Tĩnh	Caporal Chef Truchot	Truchot sent to retrieve official ration in Vinh
November 17, 1930	Hà Tĩnh		Huế		Caporal Albano returned to Hue, where he joins 3rd Company
November 17, 1930	Hà Tĩnh	Linh Cảm, Đức Thọ, K. 10 Phố Châu, Cầu Lộc	Hà Tĩnh		Visit to outposts Linh Cảm, Đức Thọ, K. 10 Phố Châu, Cầu Lộc
November 17, 1930	Cầu Lộc				The Ly Truong is assassinated by communists. The murdered is made prisoner.
November 17, 1930	Hà Tĩnh				2nd. Class soldiers léon Corico 2352, Eugène Durmegan 12666,Victor Lejeune 2676, Sébastian Le Gall 2376, Eugène Cassol 11883 promoted
November 18, 1930	Hà Tĩnh				RAS (rien à signaler / nothing to report)
November 19, 1930	Hà Tĩnh		Huế		Sergent Janicot sent to Hue; Sergeant Séguinnard takes his place in charge of Uy Vien
November 19, 1930	Cầu Lộc		Hà Tĩnh		Cầu Lộc detachment retunrs to Hà Tĩnh
November 20, 1930	Hà Tĩnh				RAS (rien à signaler / nothing to report)
November 21, 1930	Hà Tĩnh				Commendation from Résident supérieur on zeal of all those participating, particulalry at Cầu Lộc where 600 replled
November 22, 1930	Hà Tĩnh				Orders received to relieve Linh Cảm,
November 24, 1930	Vinh	Hà Tĩnh	Huế		Sgt. Séguinnnard requisitions a truck to bring groupe to Vinh

Here is a draft of the Martin Troyes Letter Database, encapsulating the 118 documents purchased from a very kind reseller who had acquired them from his estate. They are one of the very few unfiltered views of French colonial Indochina in the mid-1920s through the mid-1930s, a certainly the only unfiltered European view on the Nghe-Tinh Soviets. With much thanks to my students Cam, Lili, and Kristin for helping me develop this database.

Troyes Document Database as 27 June 2021

This table presents a revision of the original Troyes Document Database. It provides descriptions of approximately 450 documents in the Troyes Letters Collection, of which the site owner possesses approximately 280 of the originals.

Date (Y, M, D)	Document Title	Document Title	English Translation	Owned?
1905-01-01 00:00:00	Courrier de la marquise de Castelbajac, Caumont, Gers, adressé à Marguerite Troyes, Samatan, Gers. 1905	Mail from the Marquise de Castelbajac, Caumont, Gers, addressed to Marguerite Troyes, Samatan, Gers. 1905	Handwritten letter of 1 page and 1/2 in 12,5x20 format. The Marquise de Castelbajac thanks Marguerite Troyes for having announced the birth of her son. The annotations in pencil are those of Martin Yves Troyes, son of Félix and Marguerite Troyes. Well-used condition for this mail.	Y
1911-09-15 00:00:00	Courrier du Marquis de Castelbajac, château de Caumont, Gers, adressé à Félix Troyes, Samatan, Gers. 1911	Mail from the Marquis de Castelbajac, Château de Caumont, Gers, addressed to Félix Troyes, Samatan, Gers. 1911	Handwritten letter of 1 page recto-verso in 11x17 format. The Marquis de Castelbajac congratulates Félix Troyes for his work on the Justice of Peace (Canton Lombez-Samatan). The annotations in pencil at the bottom of the back are those of Martin Troyes, son of Félix Troyes. Well-used condition for this mail.	Y
1914-01-01 00:00:00	Courrier	Mail	I could not decipher the name of the Belgian soldier (perhaps "Johannes"). As for the 2 stamps, almost identical, I was only able to decipher "57th regiment staff." Mrs. Troyes, Red Cross nurse, wife of Ludovic Troyes, lawyer and felibre, born and died in Samatan (1935).Good condition of this rare document.	N
1916-03-01 00:00:00	Marécaux, Coussac, Haute-Vienne, à Madame Troyes, infirmière à Samatan, Gers. 01/03/1916	Marécaux, Coussac, Haute-Vienne, to Madame Troyes, nurse in Samatan, Gers. 03/01/1916	Handwritten letter of 3 pages and 1/2 addressed by Marécaux, 1st Infantry Regiment, 25th Company, to Mrs. Ludovic Troyes, nurse at the Samatan Military Hospital. Marécaux writes: "Here I am for two days at the depot and already it seems to me so boring that I can not wait to leave it.The company to which I am assigned lodges in Coussac, small village located at 10 kilometers of St-Yrieix. The barracks we have are an old factory that shelters us just against the rain.The inhabitants, a hundred, are friendly just like people who skim from the presence of the soldiers but who draw from them the most they can ." The letter ends with various remarks. Usual folds for this mail	Y
1919-09-11 00:00:00	Courrier de B. de Castelbajac, Caumont, Gers, adressé à Félix Troyes, Samatan, Gers. 1919	Mail from B. de Castelbajac, Caumont, Gers, addressed to Félix Troyes, Samatan, Gers. 1919	Handwritten letter of 2 double-sided pages in 11x17 format. B. de Castelbajac thanks Félix Troyes for having been the main architect of his son's wedding projects and asks him to remain silent, he will only warn his other parents when all the details of the project are stopped. The annotations in pencil are those of Martin Troyes, son of Félix Troyes.	Y
1921-01-01 00:00:00	Yves Troyes. Ludovic Troyes, félibre, Samatan, Gers. Petit incident politique à Samatan. Infanticide à Samatan.	Yves Troyes. Ludovic Troyes, Félibre, Samatan, Gers. Small political incident in Samatan. Infanticide in Samatan.	Poor condition of this notebook in 10x15 format, of around 60 pages, of which around 30 are handwritten. In the preface, Yves Troyes writes: "If by chance this notebook falls into someone's hands, let him tell himself that what he will read there has been lived and completely authentic." Then he evokes the St-Nicolas college in Gimont where he was bored to death. The following text is entitled "How I escaped death, drowning, hunting accidents, etc. five times, all in Samatan. He quotes two of his comrades, Urbain Campario and Jean Laspanèze. The following text, very short , describes a meeting of the municipal council where the punchline, in Gascon, is humorous. The "Small political incident" relates the arrival in Samatan of Cassagnac and Barthélémy, deputies of Gers, the two looking for the house of Félix Troyes, uncle of Yves, and asking our author where his uncle's house is located. Next, we have a text entitled "The rain", then the very picturesque portrait of Marius St. Laurent, accountant at the Samatan mill (belonging to the Troyes family), followed by “My working room.” As a result, a criminal case in Samatan, where, in September 1921, a young woman who gave birth illegally, suffocated and buried her baby. The mother of the young woman was also arrested. I will not give the name of this young woman. As for the baby's father, only his function and the city where he exercises it are given. A text entitled "Impressions" where it is made part of the "bad company" of Yves, some love poems, two versions of the "six commandments of the cyclyste, another portrait of Marius St Laurent but rhymed in Alexandrines. Yves Troyes attended the Saumur School of Cavalry in 1924/25, followed law courses at the Faculty of Toulouse, served in Indochina at the beginning of the 1930s, head of post in Hà Tinh, Thanh Thủy, then Huế, etc. He finished his military career as a military magistrate, in the rank of Colonel. Ludovic Troyes, his father, was born, lived and died in Samatan (1935). A lawyer by training, he was a feliberate (that is, a writer of Provençale poetry, in Gascon) and wrote in the Escolo deras Pireneos. Félix Troyes, brother of Ludovic , wrote a book published in 1911 entitled "Old and Modern Justice. Documents on the judicial institutions of the county of Comminges and monograph of the court of Lombez, Gers. ”Les Troyes were friends with the family of Antin de Vaillac.	N
1921-09-25 00:00:00	Ludovic Troyes, félibre, Samatan, Gers. Menu de l'Escolo deras Pirenéos	Ludovic Troyes, Félibre, Samatan, Gers. Menu of Escolo deras Pirenéos	Mediocre condition for this menu. Ludovic Troyes, was born and lived in Samatan. A lawyer by training, who died in 1935, he was a member of the Provençal literary circle (in Gascon) and wrote in the Escolo deras Pireneos.	N
1922-01-01 00:00:00	Indochine Française.Da Lat, Station d'Altitude.Tourisme et Grandes Chasses.Bouvard, P/Millet, F. Lieutenant Troyes.	Indochine Française.Đà Lạt, Station d'Altitude.Tourisme et Grandes Chasses.Bouvard, P / Millet, F. Lieutenant Troyes.	Bergerac, Imprimerie Générale du Sud-Ouest, 1922, in-8 paperback, 128 pages. Illustrated with photographs and drawings in black and two fold-out color maps: network of roads and paths on the Lang Bian plateau and Province of Haut Donnaï and Phan Thiết. Text in French and English. The second part of the work, from page 81, printed on pink paper, consists of advertisements and a guide from Đà Lạt, which is a modification to the 1922 timetables of the Chemins de Fer de l'Indochine. Pierre Bouvard was professor in Cochinchina and Fernand Millet, General Guard of Forests in Đà Lạt. The work belonged to Lieutenant Troyes who served in Hà Tĩnh, was head of post in Thanh Thủy and intelligence officer in Huế. Lack of 1.5 centimeters at the lower back, small lack at the top of the back. A tear of six centimeters without lack of paper on the first card, one of half a centimeter without lack of paper on the second card. Good interior condition.	N
1923-01-01 00:00:00	Troyes, qui servit comme lieutenant à Hà Tinh, etc. Notes sur la préparation des concours hippiques. Ecole de Saumur.	Troyes, who served as lieutenant in Hà Tinh, etc. Notes on the preparation of horse shows. School of Saumur.	Albert Gendron, Libraire-Editeur, Saumur, 1923, in-8 paperback and stapled, 32 pages. Yves Troyes wrote his name and surname on the first cover page. Minimal defects throughout the cover. The top of the pages is hardened. Scattered, not very important rust marks.	N
1925-01-01 00:00:00	Troyes, qui servit comme lieutenant en Indochine à Hà Tinh (1931), Thanh-Thuy, Hué, etc.	Troyes, who served as lieutenant in Indochina at Hà Tinh (1931), Thanh Thủy, Hué, etc.	Good condition of these two photo cards. the first represents Troyes, in the uniform of the Saumur cavalry, with his mother and sister. The second, Troyes in civilian clothes.	Y
1927-01-01 00:00:00	Troyes, qui servit comme lieutenant à Hà Tinh, etc. Carnet manuscrit de l'Ecole de Cavalerie de Saumur.	Troyes, who served as lieutenant in Hà Tinh, etc. Handwritten notebook from the Saumur Cavalry School.	102 page notebook in 9.5x14.5 format entitled "EQUITATION NOTES" (63 pages unused). The notebook begins with a history of riding, is followed by notes on Equestrian Instruction, preparatory work, the horse, giving directions, riding on a straight line, in changes of direction, etc. The text is sometimes difficult to decipher.	Y
1927-01-01 00:00:00	Troyes, qui servit comme lieutenant à Hà Tinh, etc. Carnet manuscrit de l'Ecole de Cavalerie de Saumur.	Troyes, who served as lieutenant in Hà Tinh, etc. Handwritten notebook from the Saumur Cavalry School.	116-page notebook in 9.5x14.5 format (26 pages were not used). The notebook is devoted to the regulations of the Cavalry: Platoon in tight order -peloton to the right, left, marching- in battle (gait), marching- on horseback- walking on land- alignment- opening ranks- peloton in reverse- march- infantry-artillery liaison - instructor - troop instruction - group and platoon instruction, etc. Troyes drew black ink diagrams that accompany the text. The notebook was filled in head to tail. Three separate pages devoted to the saber have been added to the notebook. The text is sometimes difficult to decipher.	Y
1927-01-01 00:00:00	Troyes, qui servit comme lieutenant à Hà Tinh, etc. Carnet manuscrit de l'Ecole de Cavalerie de Saumur.	Troyes, who served as lieutenant in Hà Tinh, etc. Handwritten notebook from the Saumur Cavalry School.	76-page stapled notebook in 9.5x14.5 format (21 pages were not used). The notebook is devoted to the study of the horse: skeleton, respiration, circulation, nutrition, digestion, reproduction, diseases, injuries, care, vices, defects, etc. Troyes made some small drawings and diagrams in black ink and in pencil which accompany the text. The inside cover is illustrated with a horse skeleton, done in pencil, with the designation in black ink of the different parts of the skeleton. The cover of the notebook is unstapled. A page is detached. The text is sometimes difficult to decipher.	Y
1927-01-01 00:00:00	Ecole de Cavalerie de Saumur. Notes du 3e trimestre 1927. Troyes (servit comme lt. à Hà-Tinh, Thahn-Thuy, Hué, etc).	Saumur Cavalry School. Notes for the 3rd quarter of 1927. Troyes (served as Lt. In Hà-Tinh, Thahn-Thuy, Hué, etc.).	Troyes was ftrained at the Saumur Cavalry School in 1927/28. Troyes, when he was retired, noted his family and military documents and indicated the year and quarter (in pencil). Good condition for this document.	N
1927-06-12 00:00:00	Ecole de Cavalerie de Saumur,Troyes, lieutenant en Indochine à Hà Tinh, etc.	Cavalry School of Saumur, Troyes, lieutenant in Indochina at Hà Tinh, etc.	Letter of 6 and a half pages from Troyes to his aunt Jeanne. There he describes the preparations for departure for the La Courtine camp: "You have to arrange on your saddle in the various saddlebags all the complete war pack and it is not a small matter especially when you are missing, because you you stole it, straps at the last moment. Even my carabiner had disappeared a while ago. I had to go to the gunsmith to scream like a deaf person to get me another one. the rule, the small accessories of harness disappear with a disconcerting speed and at the time of the review one catches days of downtime because the package is incomplete ." Troyes adds that we are obliged to steal or buy accessories, that he uses the second means, but at 7 francs the belt, "you need ten, it is hardly fun", that he is impossible to monitor his harness because the upholstery does not lock with a key, he is repelled by the constant thefts. He specifies that thefts of money are frequent even on the part of French officers, a cavalry officer leaving St Cyr is under fortress arrest for having stolen 1500 francs from one of his comrades, that a spahi was surprised to steal 300 francs from an active cadet. Spahis, it seems, killed their brigadier and threw his body into the Loire. The mail continues on military arbitrariness, "we do all we can, we are full of good will, and we are yelled at from morning to night, whether we are right or not, it does not matter. "and on the uninterrupted succession of annoyances and counter-orders throughout the day. Troyes continues on money, the great master, "those who do not have any are much to be pitied", that he always carries his with him, even at night, that he locks his effects in drawers and lock his room. Troyes believes that the "regiment has that good that one gets used to suffering without saying anything, to suffer injustices and humiliations." As for the departure for La Courtine, "Departure in the night at 3 am to leave the station at 8 am, you can see from here the" poirotage "session that we are going to do next to our horses. We will not arrive until the next morning at 7 am at the camp ." He adds that he almost took 8 days in prison because his saber was not clean, but he cannot demand from his orderly a clean harness and he does not have the material time to do so because, " when you have worked well outside, you have to go back to your room to prepare compositions ." The letter ends with the guard's trumpet sounding the lights out at 10 a.m., Troyes is going to sleep because he will probably spend 2 nights without resting.Good condition of this document, sometimes difficult to decipher.	N
1927-06-15 00:00:00	Troyes at Cavalry School	Troyes at Cavalry School	formal photograph - date uncertain	N
1927-10-16 00:00:00	Carte postale à tante Jeanne, oroginant de l"Ecole de Cvanalerie, Saumur	Postcard to Aunt Jeanne, from Cavalry School, Saumur	Postcard from Saumur	N
1927-10-16 00:00:00	Ecole de Cavalerie de Saumur. Troyes (servit comme Lieutenant à Hà-Tinh, Thanh-Thuy, Hué, etc). Vers	Saumur Cavalry School. Troyes (served as Lieutenant in Hà-Tinh, Thanh Thủy, Hué, etc.). Towards	Good condition of this photograph in 8x10 format. Troyes formed the Saumur Cavalry School in 1927/28.	N
1930-01-01 00:00:00	Certificat d'Immatriculation Peugeot 403. Colonel Troyes, Landau (Lieutenant à Hà Tinh, Thanh Thuy, Hué, etc)	Peugeot 403 registration certificate. Colonel Troyes, Landau (Lieutenant in Hà Tinh, Thanh Thuy, Hué, etc)	Well-worn condition for this 4-page document. On the back, a "Technical Inspection" stamp and 2 "Bureau d'Immatriculation" stamps. Troyes began as a postmaster at Hà Tinh at the end of 1930 and ended his career as a military magistrate.	N
1930-01-01 00:00:00	Protectorat de l'Annam. Note au Lieutenant Troyes, Ha-Tinh. Médaille Militaire du Caporal-chef Janicot. 1930	Protectorate of Annam. Note to Lieutenant Troyes, Hà Tĩnh. Military Medal of Master Corporal Janicot. 1930	Good condition.	N
1930-01-01 00:00:00	Indochine. Militaires possédant un carnet de Caisse d'Epargne. Lieutenant Troyes, chef de poste de Ha-thin. Vers 1930	Indochina. Military personnel with a Caisse d'Epargne book. Lieutenant Troyes, Ha-thin station chief. Around 1930	Well-worn condition. The list was drawn up by Lieutenant Troyes for the Hà Tĩnh post.	N
1930-01-01 00:00:00	Bataillon Mixte de l'Annam. 1ére Compagnie. Détachement de Ha-Tinh. 1930. Lieutenant Troyes.	Annam Mixed Battalion. 1st Company. Hà Tĩnh Detachment. 1930. Lieutenant Troyes.	Good condition for this one page handwritten note signed by Lieutenant Troyes.	N
1930-01-01 00:00:00	Bataillon Mixte de l'Annam. 1ére Compagnie. Détachement de Ha-Tinh. 1930. Lieutenant Troyes.	Annam Mixed Battalion. 1st Company. Hà Tĩnh Detachment. 1930. Lieutenant Troyes.	Good condition for this one page handwritten note signed by Lieutenant Troyes.	N
1930-01-01 00:00:00	Capitaine Tabeau Commandant la 1ère Cie du Bataillon Mixte de l'Annam au Lieutenant Troyes. 1930.	Captain Tabeau Commanding the 1st Cie of the Annam Mixed Battalion to Lieutenant Troyes. 1930.	Note relating to a lost cartridge case. Well-worn condition.	Y
1930-01-01 00:00:00	Capitaine Tabeau Commandant la 1ère Cie du Bataillon Mixte de l'Annam au Lieutenant Troyes. 1930.	Captain Tabeau Commanding the 1st Cie of the Annam Mixed Battalion to Lieutenant Troyes. 1930.	Note relating to a footlocker. Well-worn condition.	Y
1930-01-01 00:00:00	Capitaine Tabeau Commandant la 1ère Cie du Bataillon Mixte de l'Annam au Lieutenant Troyes. 1930.	Captain Tabeau Commanding the 1st Cie of the Annam Mixed Battalion to Lieutenant Troyes. 1930.	Note relating to the shipment of a footlocker. Well-worn condition.	Y
1930-01-01 00:00:00	Réponse du Capitaine Tabeau, Commandant la 1ère Cie du Bataillon Mixte de l'Annam au Lieutenant Troyes. Hué, 1930.	Response from Captain Tabeau, Commander of the 1st Cie of the Annam Mixed Battalion to Lieutenant Troyes. Huế, 1930.	Response of the captain to the report concerning the table (of data) sent by Lieutenant Troyes Commanding the Hà Tĩnh detachment. Well-worn condition.	Y
1930-01-01 00:00:00	Bataillon Mixte de l'Annam. 1ére Compagnie. Détachement de Ha-Tinh. 1930. Lieutenant Troyes.	Annam Mixed Battalion. 1st Company. Hà Tĩnh Detachment. 1930. Lieutenant Troyes.	Good condition for this handwritten note of one and a half pages signed "Lieutenant commmanding the detachment", that is to say Lieutenant Troyes.	Y
1930-01-01 00:00:00	Bataillon Mixte de l'Annam. 1ére Compagnie. Détachement de Ha-Tinh. 1930. Lieutenant Troyes.	Annam Mixed Battalion. 1st Company. Hà Tĩnh Detachment. 1930. Lieutenant Troyes.	Good condition for this one page handwritten note signed by Lieutenant Troyes.	Y
1930-01-01 00:00:00	Bataillon Mixte de l'Annam. Avis de punitions. 1930.	Annam Mixed Battalion. Notice of penalties. 1930.	Well-worn condition.	Y
1930-01-01 00:00:00	Troupes de l'Indochine. Bataillon Mixte de l' Annam. Chef de Bataillon Le Bris. 1930.	Indochina troops. Annam Mixed Battalion. Chief of Battalion Le Bris. 1930.	Telegram of 1.25 pages relating to the section of the 1st Company - commanded by Lieutenant Troyes - and designated to temporarily keep garrison at Hà Tĩnh. Well-worn condition.	Y
1930-01-01 00:00:00	Troupes de l'Indochine. Bataillon Mixte de l'Annam. Lieutenant Troyes. Ha-Tinh. 1930.	Indochina troops. Annam Mixed Battalion. Lieutenant Troyes. Hà Tĩnh. 1930.	2-page letter from Lieutenant Troyes to his aunt and uncle Jeanette and Henri Boudier, living in Toulouse. Apart from the usual words, Lieutenant Troyes writes: "As we must have told you in Samatan, I am in Hà Tĩnh to make war on the Communists. After many villages burned down, a few beheadings, they became much calmer and we greet on their passage ." The situation has become so calm that we are going to be brought back to Huế. The north of Vinh is still moving a little, but that is the domain of the Foreign Legion." Samatan is a town in the Gers where Lieutenant Troyes is from.	Y
1930-01-01 00:00:00	Troupes de l'Indochine. Bataillon Mixte de l'Annam. Note adressée de Hué au Lieutenant Troyes. Ha-Tinh. 1930.	Indochina troops. Annam Mixed Battalion. Note from Huế to Lieutenant Troyes. Hà Tĩnh. 1930.	Good condition of this long note of stewardship addressed to Lieutenant Troyes - section of the 1st company - which was going to hold garrison in Hà Tĩnh. It details the suits that the men will take, the necessary equipment to give to the student shoemaker, to get in touch with the baker of Hà Tĩnh, etc. At the top of the memo, Hà Tĩnh was spelled" "Ha-Ting."	Y
1930-01-01 00:00:00	Troupes de l'Indochine. Bataillon Mixte de l'Annam. Résident de France. Lieutenant Troyes. Ha-Tinh. 1930.	Indochina troops. Annam Mixed Battalion. Resident of France. Lieutenant Troyes. Hà Tĩnh. 1930.	Letter of congratulations of two pages transmitted to the battalion commander Le Bris by the Resident of France in Hà Tĩnh concerning the services rendered by Lieutenant Troyes when he commanded the detachments of the 1st and 3rd Company of Hà Tĩnh. On the back, indication of the Lieutenant's new assignment. This letter was copied by Lieutenant Troyes.	Y
1930-01-01 00:00:00	Troupes de l'Indochine. Etat-Major, 4e Bureau. Général de Division Aubert. Hanoi,1930.	Indochina troops. Staff, 4th Bureau. Division General Aubert. Hanoi, 1930.	Three page note on requisitions. Well-worn condition.	Y
1930-01-01 00:00:00	Troupes du Groupe de l'Indochine. Dap-Cau. 1930. Destinataires: Vinh, Ha-Tinh et Linh- Cam.	Troops of the Indochina Group. Dap-Cau. 1930. Addressees: Vinh, Hà Tĩnh and Linh- Cam.	Good condition for this long note relating to temporary absence indemnities.	Y
1930-01-01 00:00:00	Troupes du Groupe de l'Indochine. Dap-Cau.1930, à 4e Bataillon du 5e Régiment Etranger, Vinh, Ha-Tinh et Linh-Cam.	Troops of the Indochina Group. Dap-Cau. 1930, to 4th Battalion, 5th Foreign Regiment , Vinh, Hà Tĩnh and Linh-Cam.	Good condition for this note of a page and a half relating to the distribution of food to the troops in operation in the region of Vinh.	Y
1930-01-01 00:00:00	Indochine. Lieutenant Estel, Vinh, au Lieutenant Troyes, chef de poste de Ha-thin. 1930	Indochina. Lieutenant Estel, Vinh, to Lieutenant Troyes, Ha-thin station chief. 1930	Well-used condition for these three documents sent by Lieutenant Estel, Director of the Military Hostel of Vinh. The last document is a list with prices of the various commodities held by the Legionnaire's Hostel in Vinh.	N
1930-01-01 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes à Ha-Thyn, Annam, à son père, Samatan, Gers. 1930	Lieutenant Troyes in Ha-Thyn, Annam, to his father, Samatan, Gers. 1930	The lieutenant stages the menu sent, talks about his lunch with the Resident, talks about his final departure from Hà Tĩnh for Huế, talks about the Communists who are running after him, "attacked one of our posts the other night, we were only able to kill two and injure three including a woman! "	N
1930-01-01 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Bataillon Mixte de l'Annam, Hué, à sa mère, Samatan, Gers. 1930	Lieutenant Troyes, Mixed Battalion of Annam, Huế, to his mother, Samatan, Gers. 1930	Letter of four pages essentially devoted to the theatrical performance attended by some ministers of the Emperor, to the seaside resorts and sanatoria of the region and to hunting. The program - four pages with local advertisements - gives the names of the soldiers and the role they played.	N
1930-01-01 00:00:00	LIeutenant Troyes, Ha-Tinh, Annam. Vers 1930.	Lieutenant Troyes, Hà Tĩnh, Annam. Around 1930.	Expense note prepared by Lieutenant Troyes.	Y
1930-04-01 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, en route pour l'Indochine, à bord du Cap Tourane.	Lieutenant Troyes, on his way to Indochina, aboard the Cap Tourane.	The handwritten letter, 2 pages recto-verso, addressed to his parents and written over several days - begins on arrival in Port Said at 8 am: "A multitude of boats, motor launches rush towards the ship and offer to passengers to bring them to the quay. An Egyptian policeman with a shining fez, climbs aboard and prevents them from getting on board. Coal loading on Cap Tourane - the Djibouti stopover being abandoned, it is necessary to refuel - which must last until 1 pm, time of departure. Walk by Troyes in the streets of Port-Saïd, surrounded by a pack of merchants who sell postcards, cigarettes, ratacoum (a kind of cheese), collections of stamps, trinkets. The Lieutenant goes to the market: "What a stench! Vegetables, fish, are thrown on the sidewalk. Their owners are lying on the ground next to their filthy merchandise and placidly smoking their long hookah pipe. Met veiled women who shoot me sidelong glances, as uninviting as the gleam of daggers twinkling very close to your throat." The letter continues on a chicken merchant, on the return on board, a description of the Suez Canal, the excruciating heat at sea - "the rails of my berth are sweating" - the organization of games by the ship's marshal in order to calm down the nerves of the passengers, an Annamese rifleman who died of tuberculosis and was thrown into the sea, petty life on board, where clans were formed, no longer greet one another, meeting someone else "to disclose a little cabin drama." The arrival in Colombo, followed the next day by a Cadillac excursion to Kandy. Apart from a few words which cannot be deciphered, the mail does not pose a reading problem.	Y
1930-04-15 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Indochine. A bord du Cap Tourane. Courrier expédié de Port-Saïd. Avril 1930	Lieutenant Troyes, Indochina. On board the Cap Tourane. Mail sent from Port Said. April 1930	Handwritten letter of 3 1/4 pages which begins as follows: "Friday April 11: The embarkation of the European contingent that I brought through the streets of Marseille to the port is carried out without incident. The two hundred" re-engaged " are quickly distributed in the hold, in superimposed berths. The Annamites, numbering about 300, occupy the extreme front of the boat ." The mail continues on life on board the Lieutenant, aperitif with the doctor, presentation to the captain of the boat, establishment of the tour of duty, instructions and meal times, list of tables for the restaurant established by the ship's marshal, social activities , etc. The letter, which began on April 11, ends on Wednesday April 15, approaching Port Said, with a precise description of Cape Tourane, indicates the number of officers on board, quotes an anecdote featuring Lieutenant and a captain's daughter and specifies that there will be a stopover in Colombo, but not in Djibouti and Aden.	Y
1930-05-07 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Indochine. A bord du Cap Tourane. Courrier expédié de Saigon. Avril 1930	Lieutenant Troyes, Indochina. On board the Cap Tourane. Mail sent from Saigon. April 1930	Handwritten letter of 2 double-sided pages where the Lieutenant describes his stopover in Colombo, a ride in a rickshaw in the streets of the city and the next day, excursion for Kandy, about fifteen passengers for a Buick and Cadillac are waiting at the quay, 150 kilometers up to in Kandy, sometimes running at a hundred kilometers an hour. The Lieutenant gives the names of certain villages crossed, describes the landscapes, the inhabitants, the rigorous discipline which reigns on this world, evokes the visit to the zoological garden of Kadugavanna, to the botanical garden of Peradeniya, the arrival in Kandy with visit of the temples Buddhists, English lunch at the Hotel Suisse then return to the boat and a return to a monotonous life on board. The letter, started on April 30, ends on May 7 in Singapore from where the lieutenant will send postcards to his family. Small tear in a sheet.	Y
1930-05-13 00:00:00	Lettre a sa maman et son père	Letter to his mom and dad		N
1930-05-17 00:00:00	Lettre a sa maman et son père	Letter to his mom and dad	Handwritten letter of 2 double-sided pages. The Lieutenant wrote: "There is a battalion here as a garrison, called the Annam Mixed Battalion, with companies attached to Tourane. We have as barracks an immense square, called" Concession "of approximately 100 hectares, entirely surrounded by crenellated ramparts surrounded by water. At each corner rises a watchtower from which the sentries surveil. He adds that military accommodation is rented there only to married officers, "we are seven officers, he is the only one who does not is not married, speaks of the villa that rents in town, four kilometers from the Concession, for 40 piastres, meals, of a marvelous native cook, evokes the Emperor's palace and its gardens where he all walks in the evenings it grows in the middle of flowers, pagodas, "ponds filled with blue or red water lilies, where one circulates in a sampan lying on a mat", etc. He adds that he spoke to the Emperor's War Minister, dressed in silk and going barefoot, talks about his service which, apart from the nap, goes from sunrise until 5 p.m., 600 men to administer, command and instruct. He spoke of the fauna, 10 kilometers from Hue, there are herds of wild elephants, adds that any species of waterfowl can be hunted in the pits of the ramparts of the Concession. As usual, he treats the Annamite as antipathetic, sly, liar, thief, only to be a domestic, that the Vietnamese hates the European, "he must be treated as a slave, we gain nothing by make feelings with him ". Lieutenant Troyes indicates the amount of his pay, 430 piastres per month, or 4300 francs, a very high sum.	Y
1930-05-22 00:00:00	Troupes de l'Indochine. Etat-Major, 4e Bureau. Général de Division Aubert. Hanoi,1930.	Indochina troops. Staff, 4th Bureau. Division General Aubert. Hanoi, 1930.	three page note on requisitions. Well-worn condition.	Y
1930-05-24 00:00:00	Bataillon Mixte de l'Annam, Hué. Rations de campagne et de fourrage. 24/05/1930.	Annam Mixed Battalion, Huế. Field and fodder rations. 05/24/1930.	Typed note of one page recto relating to the rations of campaign and fodder. On the back, a newspaper clipping was pasted. Well-used condition for this document.	Y
1930-05-26 00:00:00	Bataillon Mixte de l'Annam. Bureau du Major. Lieutenant Troyes ( Hà Tinh,Thanh-Thuy, etc). Hué pour Vinh	Annam Mixed Battalion. Major's office. Lieutenant Troyes (Hà Tinh, Thanh Thủy, etc.). Huế for Vinh	Well-used condition for this document.	Y
1930-06-01 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Bataillon mixte de l'Annam, à Hué, Annam, à ses parents à Samatan, Gers. 01/06/30	Lieutenant Troyes, Mixed Battalion of Annam, in Huế, Annam, to his parents in Samatan, Gers. 06/01/30	Two-sided handwritten letter. The Lieutenant writes: "There is here as garrison a battalion, called the Mixed Battalion of Annam, with detached companies at Tourane.We have as barracks a huge square, called "The Concession " with a capacity of about 100 hectares, entirely surrounded by crenellated ramparts and surrounded by water. At each corner there is a watchtower from which watchmen keep watch. The letter adds that there are rented military quarters only for the married officers: "We are 7 officers" and he is the the only one who is not married, speaks of the villa he rents in the city, four kilometers from the Concession, for 40 piastres; of his meals, of a wonderful native cook, evokes the palace of the Emperor and his gardens where he walks every evening in the middle of flowers, pagodas, "ponds filled with blue or red water lilies, where one circulates in a sampan lying on a mat", etc. He adds that he has spoke to the Emperor's War Minister, dressed in silk and walking in bare feet, speaks of his service which, except for a nap, goes from sunrise until 5 o'clock in the evening, with 600 men to administer, order and instruct. He talks about wildlife, 10 kilometers from Huế, where there are herds of wild elephants, adds that you can hunt any kind of waterfowl in the ditches of the walls of the Concession. As usual, he treats Annamite as unpleasant, devious, mendacious, thieving, born to be a servitude, that the Annamese hates the European: "You have to treat him like a slave, for you do not gain anything at all to make sense with him ." Lieutenant Troyes indicates the amount of his pay, 430 piastres a month, or 4300 francs, a very high sum.	Y
1930-06-11 00:00:00	Bataillon Mixte de l'Annam, Hué. 11/06/30. Indemnité d'absence temporaire et de vivres, solde journalière. Vinh	Annam Mixed Battalion, Huế. 06/11/30. Temporary absence and food allowance, daily pay. Vinh	Handwritten note with manuscript additions (all units, all services, Vinh-Archives Detachment). Well-worn condition .	Y
1930-06-14 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Bataillon Mixte de l'Annam, Hué, à son oncle et à sa tante. 14 Juin 1930.	Lieutenant Troyes, Mixed Battalion of Annam, Huế, to his uncle and aunt. June 14, 1930.	Letter of three pages where the Lieutenant evokes "the whirlwind of this bizarre and fantastic life of Annam which left me stunned for several weeks ...", describes his duties in Huế: lieutenant instructor in a white company, in charge of the specialty of regimental transmissions, telegraphy, telephony, optics, etc., his daily life, to visit one or the other, to hunt, to fish, in his room to sleep under the protection of the lambs "which will make all night a fierce war against mosquitoes and other critters ." He says he rarely goes out, because there is no coffee, no cinema, and no theater in Huế, which does not have the luxury of Saigon, with "sixty thousand native stubble huts where barely clothed beings are swarming, feeding exclusively on rice and fish ", adds that there is no trade, no industry and that the population lives thanks to the cultivation of rice, fishing and the produce of the forest, this followed by these usual racist considerations: "Wonderful country, with fantastical scenery, but populated by an abject race, devious, impenetrable, that we must lead with sticks and rifles if we do not want to be thrown out."	Y
1930-06-14 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Bataillon Mixte de l'Annam, Hué, à son oncle et à sa tante. 14 Juin 1930.	Lieutenant Troyes, Mixed Battalion of Annam, Huế, to his uncle and aunt. June 14, 1930.	Letter of three pages where the Lieutenant evokes "the whirlwind of this bizarre and fantastic life of Annam which left me stunned for several weeks ...", describes his functions in Huế: lieutenant instructor in a white company, in charge of the specialty of the regimental transmissions, telegraphy, telephony, optics, etc., his daily life, visiting one or the other person, hunting, fishing, in his room sleeping under the protection of the geckos "which all night will make a bitter war against mosquitoes and other bugs ." He indicates that he rarely goes out, because there is no café, neither cinema, nor theater in Huế which does not have the luxury of Saigon, evokes "sixty thousand indigenous thatched huts where scarcely dressed beings swarm, feeding exclusively on rice and fish ", adds that there is no trade, no industry and that the population lives thanks to the cultivation of rice, fishing and fruits of the forest, this followed by these usual racist considerations: "A marvelous country, with phantasmal settings, but populated by an abject, sly, impenetrable race, which must be carried out with cudgels and guns if we do not want to be thrown out."	Y
1930-06-15 00:00:00	Carte routière de l'Annam. Lieutenant Troyes.	Annam road map. Lieutenant Troyes.	Map in 27x38 format of Geographical Editions of Imprimerie d'Extrême Orient. Minor defects for this map.	N
1930-06-15 00:00:00	LIeutenant Troyes, B.M.A. Annam, à sa mère à Samatan, Gers. Hué	Lieutenant Troyes, BMA Annam, to his aunt in Samatan, Gers. Huế		Y
1930-06-16 00:00:00	caserne de Hue	Huế barracks	Older postcard representing the enlisted barracks for Troyes's unit.	Y
1930-08-03 00:00:00	LIeutenant Troyes, B.M.A. Annam, à sa mère à Samatan, Gers. Hué, 3 Août 1930.	Lieutenant Troyes, BMA Annam, to his mother in Samatan, Gers. Huế, August 3, 1930.	Two sided handwritten letter where the Lieutenant says he went to see the emperor's elephants, "the old bronze artillery with which the cruel Tu Duc bombarded us one day, the old sedans of the court, now replaced by powerful cars ." He added that to enter the enclosure reserved for the Court, where live the Regent and ministers, requires authorization from the Superior Resident. The letter continues on the climate and rice culture in Annam, on a scholarly Annamite and great opium smoker who the Lieutenant met: "He was lying on a beautiful camp bed, lacquered red, imbedded with gold moldings. The room was dark and lit only by a small lamp that the smoker uses to grill the divine drug ... He has been smoking for twenty years. His body imperatively demands its daily dose of poison of sixty pipes ." The description continues on the opium, designates the word used by the smugglers of Marseilles to designate it, quotes all the material used to smoke it. The Lieutenant asks the scholar what he thinks of Claude Farrère's book, "Smoker of Opium", and Annamite replies: "Farrère is a joker, a "novelist. "He has never smoked. He relates only the highest fantasy ." The mail ends on a garden that the lieutenant will make a garden in front his house to have fresh vegetables because he does not find them in Annam, and they must be brought from Tonkin. His cook rallied to the Catholic religion. He speaks on his situation: "Good meals, comfort, ice in my glass, fan, waiters, cook, gardener, hunting. I pay the cook 18 piastres a month and I spend 35 to 40 piastres of food."	Y
1930-08-03 00:00:00	LIeutenant Troyes, B.M.A. Annam, à sa mère à Samatan, Gers. Hué, 3 Août 1930.	Lieutenant Troyes, BMA Annam, to his mother in Samatan, Gers. Huế, August 3, 1930.	Handwritten letter of 2 double-sided pages where the Lieutenant says he went to see the emperor's elephants, "the old bronze artillery with which the cruel Tu Duc once bombarded us, the old court sedans, now replaced by powerful cars ." He adds that to enter the enclosure reserved for the Court, where the Regent and the ministers live, an authorization from the Resident Superior is required. The letter continues on the climate and rice cultivation in Annam, on a literate Annamite and a heavy opium smoker whom the Lieutenant met: "He was stretched out on a beautiful camp bed, red lacquered, impregnated with gold moldings and silver covered with fine mats. The partitions were hung with light fabrics of shimmering colors. The room was dark and lit only by a small lamp which the smoker uses to toast the divine drug ... He has been smoking for twenty years. body absolutely demands its daily dose of poison, sixty pipes ." The description continues on opium, designates the word used by the smugglers of Marseilles to designate it, cites all the material used to smoke it. The Lieutenant asks the scholar what he thinks of Claude Farrère's book, "Opium Smoker", and the Annamite replies: "Farrère is a joker, a" novelist ." He has never smoked. he tells is of the highest fantasy ." The mail ends in a garden that the lieutenant is going to do in front of his house in order to have fresh vegetables because they are not found in Annam, they must be brought from Tonkin, on his cook joined to the Catholic religion, on the Lieutenant's situation: "good meals, comfort, ice cream in my glass, boastful, waiter waiters, cook, gardener, ordonnace. I pay the cook 18 piastres per month and I spend 35 to 40 piastres on food."	Y
1930-08-15 00:00:00		General orders for a campaign		Y
1930-08-20 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Bataillon Mixte de l'Annam, Hué, à sa mère, Samatan, Gers. 1930	Lieutenant Troyes, Mixed Battalion of Annam, Huế, to his mother, Samatan, Gers. 1930	Letter of four pages mainly devoted to the theatrical representation attended by some ministers of the Emperor, to the resorts and sanatoria of the region and hunting. The program - four pages with local ads - gives the names of the soldiers and the role they interpreted.	Y
1930-08-28 00:00:00	LIeutenant Troyes, B.M.A. Annam, à son père à Samatan, Gers. Hué, 28 Août 1930.	Lieutenant Troyes, BMA Annam, to his father in Samatan, Gers. Huế, August 28, 1930.	Letter written in 3.25 pages. The letter that begins on family relations is essentially devoted to the meals of the sovereigns of Annam composed of eight dishes of choice - including the famous swallow nests - the names and their respective ingredients of which the Lieutenant indicates, then describes the perilous harvest of swallow nests: "Local genies are invoked to help the coolies down the cliffs on creepers, the crops are monitored and managed, and they are leased by rich Annamese. The swallow builds four nests a year, those of spring are white and are the most esteemed, those of summer are yellow, and the nests of autumn and winter are avoided during these cool nights. being deprived of their nests, would perish, there are "nest-runners", in charge of removing from them all inedible matter ." Then, the Lieutenant speaks about the discovery of the edibility of swallow nests going back to the Emperor Gia Long and the creation of Yen Xa, village of swallows, indicates the place where one generally finds the swifts, evokes the therapeutic virtues of the nests: "Those who eat it and who are sick with love are cured!" They restore peace and harmony in troubled households ... The feathers of dead swallows prevent stomach upset. make a mixture with the molds grown in the nests hit by moisture and swallow the whole thing. The letter continues on the table service in the old court of Annam: "There were a hundred cooks. A company of one hundred men commanded by a captain, was responsible for filling the table of the King. A section was responsible for hunting the big game, another the birds, a third to fish, finally a fourth to harvest the nests of swallows ." The letter ends on the obligations of Lieutenant Troyes, "in charge" of the platoon of the corporals and sergeants and on the courses of history, geography and French that they give to the students preparing Saint-Maixent.	N
1930-09-01 00:00:00	Indochine. Militaires possédant un carnet de Caisse d'Epargne. Lieutenant Troyes, chef de poste de Ha-thin. Vers 1930	Indochina. Military personnel with a Caisse d'Epargne book. Lieutenant Troyes, Ha-thin station chief. Around 1930	Well-worn condition. The list was prepared by Lieutenant Troyes for the post of Hà Tĩnh. Exact date unknown.	Y
1930-09-10 00:00:00	Bataillon Mixte de l'Annam, Hué. Note de service, destinataires: Lim Cam et Hà Tĩnh (Lieutenant Troyes) 9/10/ 1930.	Annam Mixed Battalion, Huế. Memorandum, addressees: Lim Cam and Hà Tĩnh (Lieutenant Troyes) 9/10/1930.	Typewritten note of two one-sided pages with manuscript additions relating to "General and Specific Instructions for the Use of Companies Involved in Participating in Police Operations." On the back of each page has been pasted a newspaper clipping. Well-used condition for this document.	Y
1930-09-15 00:00:00	LIeutenant Troyes, Ha-Tinh, Annam. Vers 1930.	Lieutenant Troyes, Hà Tĩnh, Annam. Around 1930.	Expense report drafted by Lieutenant Troyes.	Y
1930-09-15 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, (servit à Hà Tinh,Thanh-Thuy, Hué, etc). G. Trouche, La "Motogodille", Saint-Cloud	Lieutenant Troyes, (served in Hà Tinh, Thanh Thủy, Hué, etc). G. Trouche, La "Motogodille", Saint-Cloud	Well-used condition for this document. Manufacturer G. Trouche offers three Motogodille models in Troyes and specifies: "Our devices are very suitable for sampans and we supply hundreds of them per year, particularly in the Saigon region." The Motogodille is one of the first outboard motors, made by Baron Trouche in his Construction Workshops in Saint-Cloud. Troyes was a confirmed fisherman.	Y
1930-09-23 00:00:00	Troupes de l'Indochine. Bataillon Mixte de l' Annam. Chef de Bataillon Le Bris. 1930.	Indochina troops. Annam Mixed Battalion. Chief of Battalion Le Bris. 1930.	Telegram of one page / one quarter relating to the section of the 1st Company - commanded by Lieutenant Troyes - and designated to temporarily keep garrison at Hà Tĩnh. Well-worn condition.	Y
1930-09-25 00:00:00	Détachement de Ha-Tinh. Journal de marches et opérations. Indochine et Annam. 25 Septembre 1930.	Hà Tĩnh Detachment. Journal of marches and operations. Indochina and Annam. September 25, 1930.	Handwritten diary of Lieutenant Troyes of the colonial forces. The first journal consists of 8 double-sided pages where various and numerous events are noted as well as the daily life of the detachment. The second, almost completely incomplete, includes the names of soldiers forming part of the Hà Tĩnh detachment, and was written by Lieutenant Troyes. The next page bears a note indicating that on 7-11-30, 53 Communists were killed and on the 8th, a post attacked by 500 demonstrators.	Y
1930-09-25 00:00:00	Journal de Marche, détachment de Hà Tĩnh	Orders	Orders to: use Garde indigène as police first, use resupply by air exceptionally, and have a contingency to retreatto Vinh in extreme situation.	Y
1930-09-25 00:00:00	Ordres	Orders	Request to relieve troops guarding the Treasury of Hà Tĩnh.	Y
1930-09-25 00:00:00	Jounal de Marche	Advisory	A train will pass after rains finish.	Y
1930-09-27 00:00:00	Le Résident de France à Hanoi à Commandant Subdivision secondaire Vinh. 1930	The Resident of France in Hanoi at Commandant Secondary Subdivision Vinh. 1930	Telegram relating to Commander Lambert, who commands the Second Subdivision. The telegram is also sent to the Inspector Commander of the Indigenous Guard Brigade. Well-worn condition.	Y
1930-09-27 00:00:00	Ordres sur l'organisation des postes	Orders on the organization of posts		Y
1930-09-28 00:00:00	Garde Indigène, Résidence de France à Ha-Tinh au Lieutenant Commandant la Section d'Infanterie Coloniale à Ha-Tinh. 1930	Indigenous Guard, Residence of France in Hà Tĩnh to the Lieutenant Commander of the Colonial Infantry Section in Hà Tĩnh. 1930	Good condition for this note addressed to Lieutenant Troyes where he affixed "vu" and his signature.	Y
1930-09-28 00:00:00	Résident Vinh, Annam. Télégramme officiel à, Hué, Ha-Tinh et Quang-Tri. 1930	Resident Vinh, Annam. Official telegram to, Huế, Hà Tĩnh and Quang-Tri. 1930	Good condition.	Y
1930-09-29 00:00:00	Le Résident de France à Hanoi à Commandant Subdivision secondaire Vinh. 1930.	The Resident of France in Hanoi at Commandant Secondary Subdivision Vinh. 1930.	Telegram relating to the maintenance of a nucleus of native guards in each post, etc. Well-worn condition.	Y
1930-09-29 00:00:00	Telegramme, Resident de Vinh au Resident de Quang Tri	Telegram, Resident of Vinh to Resident of Quang Tri		Y
1930-10-01 00:00:00	Troupes de l'Indochine. Subdivision secondaire de Vinh. Chef de Bataillon Lambert.1930.	Indochina troops. Secondary subdivision of Vinh. Chief of Battalion Lambert. 1930.	Congratulatory telegram addressed to the troops under the command of Lambert, Battalion Chief. Well-worn condition.	Y
1930-10-01 00:00:00	Bataillon Mixte de l'Annam. 1ére Compagnie. Détachement de Ha-Tinh. 1930. Lieutenant Troyes.	Annam Mixed Battalion. 1st Company. Hà Tĩnh Detachment. 1930. Lieutenant Troyes.	Good condition for this handwritten note of a page and a half signed "The Lieutenant Cdt detachment", that is to say, Lieutenant Troyes.	Y
1930-10-01 00:00:00	Chef de Bataillon Le Bris, Commandant le Bataillon Mixte de l'Annam. Hué, 30 Octobre 1930	Battalion Commander Le Bris, Commander of the Annam Mixed Battalion. Huế, October 30, 1930	Lack of paper without affecting the text for this memo of 1.25 pages relating to the large number of punishments inflicted for drunkenness and detailing the penalties to limit it. Le Bris considers that drunkards have no place in the colonial army in Indochina, that they are "a public danger; they are pillars of infirmaries or hospitals, unfit for any service, and good for nothing."	Y
1930-10-02 00:00:00	Troupes de l'Indochine. Etat-Major, 4e Bureau. Hanoi,1930.	Indochina troops. Staff, 4th Bureau. Hanoi, 1930.	Note on the dispatch of ammunition to Vinh by the Artillery Service. Well-worn condition.	Y
1930-10-02 00:00:00	repeatx	Letter to Troyes' parents	Registered letter of a double-sided page to which Lieutenant Troyes has attached the mimeograph of a leaflet - a double-sided page in 19.5x30 format - from the Central Committee of the Annamite Communist Party. The Lieutenant writes: As you must already know from my card that I sent you when I left Hue, I am making war on the Communists. I have 2 groups from my section at the citadel of Hatinh and a group Detach at 17 kilometers who is building a post on a nipple II cites another post under construction at Linh Cam, his Tour of the province with the Resident of France which consists of visiting the native guard posts and organizing their supplies. II Evokes a missionary, Father Kerbaol - a former officer - who commands a post where he armed Christians with pikes, crossbows and Halberds, "the sacristan even has an enormous cut-and-cut, of which he is very much a third". He talks about coffee plantations where settlers are forced to surround their homes with bamboo palisades and plant sharp stakes in the trees ... all because of these coronations Communists that he describes thus: These Messieurs the Communists are armed only with sticks, the fear is their main characteristic ... • As for the situation in Indo-China: it is certain that if we had not taken energetic measures (mass beheadings, beatings, shootings), this would be Sovietism with all its horror ... leaflet that he sent to his parents to amuse them, he said he was Libelle in Moscow II adds that the postal telegraph operator, the one through whom passed all the official, secret papers, has been arrested. "The leaflet - which poses deciphering problems - is addressed to French soldiers, to the Legionaries and begins as follows: "Your brothers, the Indochinese workers and peasants, in particular those of Nghe-An and Hatinh at present, are fighting quite simply to defend and demonstrate their right to live. He describes the execrable living conditions of Indochinese workers and peasants, the repression they endure, "bombs, shootings, deportation and prison", appeals to the class feeling of French soldiers and Legionnaires to fraternize with the Indochinese workers and peasants, evokes the "superprofits drawn from the blood and sweat of colonial slaves •	Y
1930-10-05 00:00:00	Troupes du Groupe de l'Indochine. Dap-Cau. 1930. Destinataires: Vinh, Ha-Tinh et Linh-Cam.	Troops of the Indochina Group. Dap-Cau. 1930. Addressees: Vinh, Hà Tĩnh and Linh-Cam.	Good condition for this long note on temporary absence allowances.	Y
1930-10-06 00:00:00	Bataillon Mixte de l'Annam. 1ére Compagnie. Détachement de Ha-Tinh. 1930. Lieutenant Troyes.	Annam Mixed Battalion. 1st Company. Hà Tĩnh Detachment. 1930. Lieutenant Troyes.	Good condition for this handwritten note of a page signed by Lieutenant Troyes.	Y
1930-10-06 00:00:00	Situation de (Saisse?) du 6 octobre 1930	Situation of (Saisse?) Of October 6, 1930	This details the operations concerning the situation of Saisse of October 6, 1930.	Y
1930-10-08 00:00:00	Bataillon Mixte de l'Annam. Avis de punitions. 1930.	Annam Mixed Battalion. Notice of penalties. 1930.	Well-worn condition.	Y
1930-10-08 00:00:00	Troupes du Groupe de l'Indochine. Dap-Cau.1930, à 4e Bataillon du 5e Régiment Etranger, Vinh, Ha-Tinh et Linh-Cam.	Troops of the Indochina Group. Dap-Cau. 1930, to 4th Battalion, 5th Foreign Regiment, Vinh, Hà Tĩnh and Linh-Cam.	Good condition for this one-and-a-half-page note on the distribution of food to troops operating in the Vinh region.	Y
1930-10-09 00:00:00	Troupes de l'Indochine. Annam. Résident Ha-Tinh. 1930.	Indochina troops. Annam. Hà Tĩnh resident. 1930.	Telegram relating to a succession. Well-worn condition.	Y
1930-10-09 00:00:00	Bataillon Mixte de l'Annam, Hué. Note de service, destinataires: Lim Cam et Hà Tĩnh (Lieutenant Troyes) 9/10/ 1930.	Annam Mixed Battalion, Huế. Memorandum, addressees: Lim Cam and Hà Tĩnh (Lieutenant Troyes) 9/10/1930.	Typewritten note with manuscript additions relating to administrative supplies. Well-worn condition.	Y
1930-10-10 00:00:00	Troupes de l'Indochine. Subdivision secondaire de Vinh. Chef de Bataillon Lambert.1930.	Indochina troops. Secondary subdivision of Vinh. Chief of Battalion Lambert. 1930.	Manpower status request. Well-worn condition.	Y
1930-10-10 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Ha-Tinh, à ses parents à Samatan, Gers. Tract du Comité Central du Communisme Annamite. 10/10/1930.	Lieutenant Troyes, Hà Tĩnh, to his parents in Samatan, Gers. Tract of the Central Committee of Annamite Communism. 10/10/1930.	Recommended letter of a double-sided page to which Lieutenant Troyes attached a copy of a flyer - a 19.5x30cm. page recto-verso page of the Central Committee of the Annamese Communist Party. The Lieutenant writes: "As you already know from my card that I sent you when I left Huế, I am fighting the Communists, I have two groups from my section at the Citadel of Hà Tĩnh and a detached group at 17 kilometers east is building a post on a hillock." He quotes another post in construction at Linh Cam, his trip through the province with the Resident of France, which consists of visiting the native guard posts and organizing their supplies. He mentions a missionary, Father Kerbaol - a former officer - who commands a post where he armed the Christians with spears, crossbows and halberds, "The sacristan has even an enormous macete of which he is very proud." He speaks of the coffee plantations where "the colonists are obliged to surround their houses with bamboo palisades and to plant pointed stakes in the trees ... all because of these sacred communists" which he describes as follows: "These Gentlemen Communists are only armed with sticks; scared is their main characteristic ... ." As for the situation in Indochina: "It is certain that if we had not taken energetic measures (beheadings en masse, caning, shootings), it would be Sovietism here with all its horror ..." to the tract he sent to his parents to amuse them, he says he was "worded in Moscow." He adds that the [Vietnamese] postal telegraphist was arrested, "the one through whom all secret official papers passed." The tract - which poses problems of decipherment - addresses the French soldiers, the Legionaries and begins: "Your brothers, Indochinese workers and peasants, especially those of Nghê-An and Hà Tĩnh are currently struggling simply to defend and manifest their right to live. " It describes the execrable living conditions of the Indochinese workers and peasants, the repression they suffer, "bombs, shooting, deportation and prison", appealed to the sense of class of French soldiers and Legionnaires to fraternise with the Indochinese workers and peasants, evokes the "superprofits drawn from the blood and sweat of colonial slaves."	Y
1930-10-10 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Ha-Tinh, à ses parents à Samatan, Gers. Tract du Comité Central du Communisme Annamite. 10/10/1930.	Lieutenant Troyes, Hà Tĩnh, to his parents in Samatan, Gers. Tract of the Central Committee of Annamite Communism. 10/10/1930.	Registered letter of a double-sided page to which Lieutenant Troyes has attached the mimeograph of a leaflet - a double-sided page in 19.5x30 format - from the Central Committee of the Annamite Communist Party. The Lieutenant wrote: "As you must already know from my card that I sent you when I left Huế, I am making war on the Communists. I have 2 groups from my section at the citadel of Hà Tĩnh and a detached group. 17 kilometers which is is building a post on a hillock ." He cites another post under construction at Linh Cam, his journey through the province with the Resident of France, which consists of visiting the native guard posts and organizing their supplies. He evokes a missionary, Father Kerbaol - a former officer - who commands a post where he has armed Christians with pikes, crossbows and halberds, "the sacristan even has an enormous cup-cup of which he is very proud." He speaks of the coffee plantations where "the colonists are forced to surround their houses with bamboo fences and to plant sharp stakes in the trees ... all because of these holy communists" which he describes thus: "These Gentlemen Communists are armed only with sticks, fear is their main characteristic ... ." As for the situation in Indo-China: "It is certain that if we had not taken energetic measures (mass beheadings, beating, shootings), this would be Sovietism with all its horror ..." to the leaflet he sent to his parents to amuse them, he says it was "made out in Moscow." He adds that the postal telegraph operator, "the one through whom passed all official, secret papers" has been arrested. The leaflet - which poses deciphering problems is addressed to the French soldiers, to the Legionaries and begins thus: "Your brothers, the workers and the Indochinese peasants, in particular those of Nghê-An and Hà Tĩnh at present are quite simply in struggle for defend and demonstrate their right to live. " He describes the execrable living conditions of Indochinese workers and peasants, the repression they endure, "bombs, shootings, deportation and prison", appeals to the class sentiment of French soldiers and Legionnaires to fraternize with the Indochinese workers and peasants, evokes the "superprofits drawn from the blood and sweat of colonial slaves."	Y
1930-10-14 00:00:00	Capitaine Tabeau, Commandant la 1ère Cie du Bataillon Mixte de l'Annam. 1930.	Captain Tabeau, Commander of the 1st Cie of the Annam Mixed Battalion. 1930.	Note addressed to Lieutenant Commander, Hà Tĩnh Detachment. Well-worn condition.	Y
1930-10-16 00:00:00	Capitaine Tabeau, Commandant la 1ère Cie du Bataillon Mixte de l'Annam. Hué, 1930.	Captain Tabeau, Commander of the 1st Cie of the Annam Mixed Battalion. Huế, 1930.	Note to Lieutenant Troyes Commanding the Hà Tĩnh Detachment. Well-worn condition.	Y
1930-10-17 00:00:00	Protectorat de l'Annam. Service Infanterie Coloniale. 11 Octobre 1930, 14h30. Ordre de service. Ha-Tinh.	Protectorate of Annam. Colonial Infantry Service. October 11, 1930, 2:30 p.m. Class service. Hà Tĩnh.	Two documents: Order to escort 15 communist prisoners to the provincial prison of this city, to take boxes of arms and the road map. Well-worn condition.	Y
1930-10-18 00:00:00	Chef de Bataillon Le Bris, Commandant le Bataillon Mixte de l'Annam. Hué, 30 Octobre 1930	Battalion Commander Le Bris, Commander of the Annam Mixed Battalion. Huế, October 30, 1930	Bits of paper missing without disturbing the text for this memo of 1.25 pages relating to the large number of punishments inflicted for drunkenness and detailing the sanctions to limit it. Le Bris considers that drunkards have no place in the colonial army in Indochina, that they are "a public danger, they are pillars of infirmary or hospitals, unfit for any service, and good for nothing ."	Y
1930-10-19 00:00:00	Protectorat de l'Annam. Service Infanterie Coloniale. 19 Octobre 1930, 14h00. Ordre de service. Ha-Tinh	Protectorate of Annam. Colonial Infantry Service. October 19, 1930, 2:00 p.m. Class service. Hà Tĩnh	Two documents: Order to escort 15 communist prisoners to the provincial prison of this city and the road map. Well-worn condition.	Y
1930-10-20 00:00:00	Ministère des Colonies au Capitaine Tabeau, Commandant la 1ère Cie du Bataillon Mixte de l'Annam. 1930.	Ministry of the Colonies to Captain Tabeau, Commander of the 1st Cie of the Mixed Battalion of Annam. 1930.	Double-sided shipping notice. Well-worn condition.	Y
1930-10-20 00:00:00	Troupes de l'Indochine. Etat-Major. 3ème Bureau. Général Billotte. Hanoi. 1930.	Indochina troops. Staff. 3rd Office. General Billotte. Hanoi. 1930.	Note communicated to all officers and on the manner in which the military authority must assist the civil authority. Well-worn condition.	Y
1930-10-20 00:00:00	Hué, Bataillon Mixte de l'Annam, Conseil d'Administration au Lieutenant Troyes à Ha-Tinh, le 20/10/31.	Huế, Mixed Battalion of Annam, Board of Directors to Lieutenant Troyes in Hà Tĩnh, 10/20/31.	Note rejecting purchases made by Lieutenant Troyes.	Y
1930-10-21 00:00:00	Capitaine Tabeau Commandant la 1ère Cie du Bataillon Mixte de l'Annam au Lieutenant Troyes. 1930.	Captain Tabeau Commanding the 1st Cie of the Annam Mixed Battalion to Lieutenant Troyes. 1930.	Note on shipping a trunk. Well-worn condition.	Y
1930-10-21 00:00:00	Protectorat de l'Annam. Service Infanterie Coloniale. 21 Octobre 1930, 14h00. Ordre de service. Ha-Tinh.	Protectorate of Annam. Colonial Infantry Service. October 21, 1930, 2:00 p.m. Class service. Hà Tĩnh.	Two documents: Order to escort 15 communist prisoners to the provincial prison of this city and the road map. Well-worn condition.	Y
1930-10-23 00:00:00	Ministère des Colonies au Capitaine Tabeau, Commandant la 1ère Cie du Bataillon Mixte de l'Annam. 1930.	Ministry of the Colonies to Captain Tabeau, Commander of the 1st Cie of the Mixed Battalion of Annam. 1930.	Double-sided shipping notice. Well-worn condition.	Y
1930-10-23 00:00:00	Ministère des Colonies au Capitaine Tabeau, Commandant la 1ère Cie du Bataillon Mixte de l'Annam. 1930.	Ministry of the Colonies to Captain Tabeau, Commander of the 1st Cie of the Mixed Battalion of Annam. 1930.	Dispatch Invoice. Well-worn condition.	Y
1930-10-23 00:00:00	Capitaine Tabeau Commandant la 1ère Cie du Bataillon Mixte de l'Annam au Lieutenant Troyes. 1930.	Captain Tabeau Commanding the 1st Cie of the Annam Mixed Battalion to Lieutenant Troyes. 1930.	Note on a trunk. Well-worn condition.	Y
1930-10-23 00:00:00	Protectorat de l'Annam. Service Infanterie Coloniale. 23 Octobre 1930, 14h10. Ordre de service. Ha-Tinh.	Protectorate of Annam. Colonial Infantry Service. October 23, 1930, 2:10 p.m. Class service. Hà Tĩnh.	Two documents: Order to escort fifteen communist prisoners to the provincial prison of this city and two others to the Special Commissioner and the road map. Well-worn condition.	Y
1930-10-24 00:00:00	Protectorat de l'Annam. Service Infanterie Coloniale. 24 Octobre 1930, 6h03. Ordre de service. Ha-Tinh.	Protectorate of Annam. Colonial Infantry Service. October 24, 1930, 6:03 a.m. Class service. Hà Tĩnh.	Two documents: Order to escort fifteen communist prisoners to the provincial prison of this city and the road map. Well-worn condition.	Y
1930-10-25 00:00:00	Troupes de l'Indochine. Subdivision secondaire de Vinh. Chef de Bataillon Lambert.1930.	Indochina troops. Secondary subdivision of Vinh. Chief of Battalion Lambert. 1930.	Note indicating the arrival of General Billotte. Well-worn condition.	Y
1930-10-27 00:00:00	Troupes de l'Indochine. Bataillon Mixte de l'Annam. Lieutenant Troyes. Ha-Tinh. 1930.	Indochina troops. Annam Mixed Battalion. Lieutenant Troyes. Hà Tĩnh. 1930.	Letter of two pages addressed by Lieutenant Troyes to his aunt and uncle Jeanette and Henri Boudier, living in Toulouse. Aside from the usual remarks, Lieutenant Troyes writes: "As we had to tell you in Samatan, I am in Hà Tĩnh to make war with the communists.After many villages burned, some beheadings, they became much calmer and we "The situation has become so calm that we will be brought back to Huế, the north of Vinh is still moving a little, but this is the domain of the Foreign Legion." Samatan is a city of Gers where lieutenant Troyes is from.	Y
1930-10-27 00:00:00	Bataillon Mixte de l'Annam, Hué, à Armes Vinh, à Linh-Cam, à Hatinh (Lieutenant Troyes) 27/10/30.	Mixed Battalion of Annam, Huế, Armes Vinh, Linh-Cam, Hatinh (Lieutenant Troyes) 27/10/30.	Official telegram ordering to direct urgently to Huế the Soulier soldiers, Vilar, Mouillesseaux, Kerielo, Heisserer.	Y
1930-10-28 00:00:00	Troupes de l'Indochine. Brigade d'Annam. Détachement de Ha-Tinh. Note du Lieutenent Troyes. 1930	Indochina troops. Annam Brigade. Hà Tĩnh Detachment. Note from Lieutenent Troyes. 1930	Good condition of this handwritten note ordering two second-class soldiers to travel from Hà Tĩnh to Vinh. Lieutenant Troyes commanded the Hà Tĩnh Detachment. On the back, two stamps of the "5th Foreign Regiment 4th Battalion 132nd Company" and two handwritten mentions of the Commander-in-Chief of Vinh - as well as his signature - "Seen on arrival at Vinh" and "Seen at Vinh" with dates and times.	Y
1930-10-28 00:00:00	Troupes de l'Indochine. Annam-Tonkin. Le Résident de France à Vinh, 1930.	Indochina troops. Annam-Tonkin. The Resident of France in Vinh, 1930.	Memorandum from the Special Commissioner for the Security of Vinh and the Resident Administrator of France to the Local Chief of the Police and Security Services and his Excellency The Ton Doc of An Tinh on an individual giving a lecture in a village to engage villagers to join the Communist Party. Text faded but readable. Well-worn condition.	Y
1930-10-28 00:00:00	Troupes de l'Indochine. Annam-Tonkin. Le Résident de France à Vinh, 1930.	Indochina troops. Annam-Tonkin. The Resident of France in Vinh, 1930.	Note addressed to the Commander-in-Chief of the Vinh-Hà Tĩnh Subdivision and the Chief Inspector Commander of the Indigenous Guard Brigade. Text passed but readable. Well-worn condition.	Y
1930-10-30 00:00:00	Indochine. Lieutenant Estel, Vinh, au Lieutenant Troyes, chef de poste de Ha-thin. 1930	Indochina. Lieutenant Estel, Vinh, to Lieutenant Troyes, Ha-thin station chief. 1930	Well-used condition for these 3 documents sent by the Lieutenant Estel, Director of the Military Hostel of Vinh. The last document is a price list of the various commodities held by the Vinh Legionary Hostel.	N
1930-10-31 00:00:00	Protectorat de l'Annam. Note au Lieutenant Troyes, Ha-Tinh. Médaille Militaire du Caporal-chef Janicot. 1930	Protectorate of Annam. Note to Lieutenant Troyes, Hà Tĩnh. Military Medal of Master Corporal Janicot. 1930	Good condition.	Y
1930-11-03 00:00:00	Bataillon Mixte de l'Annam. 1ére Compagnie. Détachement de Ha-Tinh. 1930. Lieutenant Troyes.	Annam Mixed Battalion. 1st Company. Hà Tĩnh Detachment. 1930. Lieutenant Troyes.	Good condition for this handwritten note of a page signed by Lieutenant Troyes.	Y
1930-11-04 00:00:00	intelligence	intelligence		Y
1930-11-05 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, (servit à Hà Tinh,Thanh-Thuy, Hué, etc). Société Indochinoise de Transports. Saigon	Lieutenant Troyes, (served in Hà Tinh, Thanh Thủy, Hué, etc). Indochinese Transport Company. Saigon	Well-used condition for this document. The Société Indochinoise de Transports offers the Lieutenant a removable Lutétia 5/8 HP outboard motor.	Y
1930-11-05 00:00:00	Division Annam-Tonkin, destinataire Ha-Tinh (Lieutenant Troyes), Hué. 05/11/30. Rappel de prime de rengagement.	Annam-Tonkin Division, recipient Hà Tĩnh (Lieutenant Troyes), Huế. 05/11/30. Re-engagement bonus reminder.	Typed note with handwritten addition. Well-worn condition .	Y
1930-11-06 00:00:00	Bataillon Mixte de l'Annam, Hué, 06/10/30. Comptabilité des détachements à destination de Ha-Tinh.	Annam Mixed Battalion, Huế, 06/10/30. Accounting for detachments to Hà Tĩnh.	Well-worn condition .	Y
1930-11-07 00:00:00	Réponse du Capitaine Tabeau, Commandant la 1ère Cie du Bataillon Mixte de l'Annam au Lieutenant Troyes. Hué, 1930.	Response from Captain Tabeau, Commander of the 1st Cie of the Annam Mixed Battalion to Lieutenant Troyes. Huế, 1930.	Captain's reply to the report concerning the work chart sent by Lieutenant Troyes Commander Hà Tĩnh Detachment. Well-worn condition.	Y
1930-11-08 00:00:00	Orders	Orders		Y
1930-11-12 00:00:00	Bataillon Mixte de l'Annam. Note de service de Hué à Ha-Tinh concernant le sergent Janicot. 1930	Annam Mixed Battalion. Memo from Huế to Hà Tĩnh regarding Sergeant Janicot. 1930	Well-worn condition.	Y
1930-11-14 00:00:00	Bataillon Mixte de l'Annam. Note de service de Hué à Ha-Tinh concernant le soldat Albano. 1930	Annam Mixed Battalion. Memo from Huế to Hà Tĩnh regarding Private Albano. 1930	Well-worn condition.	Y
1930-11-18 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes à Ha-Thyn, Annam, à son père, Samatan, Gers. 1930	Lieutenant Troyes in Ha-Thyn, Annam, to his father, Samatan, Gers. 1930	The lieutenant sets the scene about the accompanying menu, talks about his lunch with the Resident, evokes his definitive departure from Hà Tĩnh for Huế, talks about the Communists who keep him on his toes, "[They] attacked one of our posts the other night, we could kill only two and injure 3 including a woman! "	Y
1930-11-21 00:00:00	Capitaine Tabeau Commandant la 1ère Cie du Bataillon Mixte de l'Annam au Lieutenant Troyes. 1930.	Captain Tabeau Commanding the 1st Cie of the Annam Mixed Battalion to Lieutenant Troyes. 1930.	Note on a lost pocket bag. Well-worn condition.	Y
1930-11-22 00:00:00	Bataillon Mixte de l'Annam, Hué, à Armes Vinh, à Linh-Cam, à Hatinh (Lieutenant Troyes) 22/11/30.	Mixed Battalion of Annam, Huế, Armes Vinh, Linh-Cam, Hatinh (Lieutenant Troyes) 11/22/30.	Official telegram ordering to bring back all equipment and ammunition, to settle up with the civilian suppliers and to pass on if possible administrative provisions to the Legion.	Y
1930-11-22 00:00:00	Troupes de l'Indochine. Subdivision Hué à Détachement colonial Ha-Tinh, Annam,1930.	Indochina troops. Huế Subdivision at Hà Tĩnh Colonial Detachment, Annam, 1930.	Telegram making a succession proposal. Well-worn condition.	Y
1930-11-22 00:00:00	Troupes de l'Indochine,Subdivision Hué à détachement colonial Ha-Tinh,1930. Lieutenant-Colonel Barbet.	Indochina troops, Huế Subdivision at Hà Tĩnh Colonial Detachment, 1930. Lieutenant-Colonel Barbet.	Telegram relating to a succession proposal. Well-worn condition.	Y
1930-11-22 00:00:00	Troupes de l'Indochine. De Hué à Ha-Tinh, Annam,1930.	Indochina troops. From Huế to Hà Tĩnh, Annam, 1930.	Telegram relating to materiel, ammunition, etc. Well-worn condition.	Y
1930-11-28 00:00:00	Troupes de l'Indochine. Bataillon Mixte de l'Annam. Résident de France. Lieutenant Troyes. Ha-Tinh. 1930.	Indochina troops. Annam Mixed Battalion. Resident of France. Lieutenant Troyes. Hà Tĩnh. 1930.	Letter of congratulations of two pages transmitted to the chief of battalion Le Bris by the Resident of France in Hà Tĩnh concerning the services rendered by Lieutenant Troyes when he commanded the detachments of the 1st and 3rd Company of Hà Tĩnh. On the back, indication of the new assignment of the Lieutenant. This letter was copied by Lieutenant Troyes.	Y
1930-12-09 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Hué, à sa famille à Samatan, Gers. Hué, le 09/12/1930	Lieutenant Troyes, Hué, to his family in Samatan, Gers. Huế, 12/09/1930	Long letter - difficult to summarize - handwritten ten pages in 15x20 format. The lieutenant speaks of the letter addressed to his aunt Jeanne entrusted to the aviators Lalouette and Goulette who had on board their plane Pasquier, governor-general of French Indochina, indicates that his service in Hà Tĩnh is finished and that he regrets it, speaks of the visit to the circle of Huế of naval officers of the patrol cruiser "Craoune" which patrols in the Bay of Hạ Long "to hunt for Chinese junks smuggling weapons", specifies to his parents that he is sending to them a panel of embroidery, evokes the coats in latanier leaves that the Annamites wear to protect themselves from the rain "and that they thus resemble prehistoric men", adds that no raincoat, even the most expensive, can resist the rains here, evokes the climatic conditions and the care to be given to clothes and shoes, "it is not uncommon for your shoes to grow mushrooms overnight." It follows remarks about his fishing rod that must be sent to him from Samatan, the arrival of his sword ordered from Saint-Etienne, the gifts he sends to his family, the social life of the military in Huế, "some balls are well in the circle and we pay each other big dinners for the slightest occasion", a page is devoted to hunting, "I only killed deer and wild boars", "the most beautiful animal to kill is the gaur ", that he owns a Browning 12 gauge shotgun," I took it from the Communists in Hà Tĩnh ." The letter ends with his relationship with his family. Letter rather disjointed and posing some problems of decryption.	N
1930-12-09 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Ha-Tinh, à ses parents à Samatan, Gers.	Lieutenant Troyes, Hà Tĩnh, to his parents in Samatan, Gers.		N
1930-12-21 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, à sa famille à Samatan, Gers. Hué, 21/12/1930	Lieutenant Troyes, to his family in Samatan, Gers. Huế, 12/21/1930	Handwritten letter of 2 double-sided pages. The Lieutenant writes that he will receive an Annamese colonial decoration, the Dragon of Annam, perhaps, speaks of the rainy season which is not over, of the lack of modesty of the Annamese who often work, men and women, without the slightest bit of clothing in the flooded rice fields, specifies that he left Huế in Hà Tĩnh with colonials of the BMA and that he was relieved in Hà Tĩnh by the Foreign Legion, that the native militia has a role of police , that it is the armed force available to the resident heads of provinces, that it has the same regulations as the army but only has the rifle as weaponry. The second page of the letter suffers from a loose piece - which has been preserved.	N
1930-12-23 00:00:00	Gouvernement de Cochinchine. Inspection des Affaires Publiques au Lieutenant Troyes, B.MA. à Hué. Saigon, le 23/12/1930.	Government of Cochinchina. Inspectorate of Public Affairs to Lieutenant Troyes, B.MA. in Huế. Saigon, 12/23/1930.	Two-page manuscript letter written on letterhead of the Government of Cochinchina Inspection of Public and Administrative Affairs. The scripter - whose decree I was unable to decipher - thanks Lieutenant Troyes for announcing to him in Indochina a relative of his sister-in-law and adds that he met his uncle, Félix Troyes, while on leave in France ( most likely in the Gers, where is originated and lives the family Troyes). Lieutenant Troyes' letter to the writer, probably a civilian administrator, was part of a search strategy for a network of relationships to support his tenure.	N
1931-01-01 00:00:00	Grand Restaurant Phuoc-Loc-Tho, Cholon.Troyes, lieutenant en Indochine à Hà Tinh etc.	Grand Restaurant Phuoc-Loc-Tho, Cholon.Troyes, lieutenant in Indochina at Hà Tinh etc.	Apart from a central fold, this menu is in good condition. The menu is annotated by Troyes.	N
1931-01-01 00:00:00	Gia-Ninh, Fourreur-Naturaliste, Hanoi, Tonkin, lieutenant Troyes, chef de poste à Than-Thuy.	Gia-Ninh, Fourreur-Naturaliste, Hanoi, Tonkin, lieutenant Troyes, head of post in Than-Thuy.	Well-worn condition.	N
1931-01-01 00:00:00	Gia-Ninh, Fourreur-Naturaliste, Hanoi, Tonkin, lieutenant Troyes, chef de poste à Than-Thu	Gia-Ninh, Fourreur-Naturaliste, Hanoi, Tonkin, lieutenant Troyes, head of post in Than-Thu	Well-worn condition.	N
1931-01-01 00:00:00	Gia-Ninh, Fourreur-Naturaliste, Hanoi, Tonkin, lieutenant Troyes, chef de poste à Than-Thuy. 1931	Gia-Ninh, Fourreur-Naturaliste, Hanoi, Tonkin, lieutenant Troyes, head of post in Than-Thuy. 1931	Well-worn condition.	N
1931-01-01 00:00:00	Gia-Ninh, Fourreur-Naturaliste, Hanoi, Tonkin, lieutenant Troyes, chef de poste à Than-Thuy.	Gia-Ninh, Fourreur-Naturaliste, Hanoi, Tonkin, lieutenant Troyes, head of post in Than-Thuy.	Well-worn condition.	N
1931-01-01 00:00:00	Gia-Ninh, Fourreur-Naturaliste, Hanoi, Tonkin, lieutenant Troyes, chef de poste à Than-Thuy. 1931	Gia-Ninh, Fourreur-Naturaliste, Hanoi, Tonkin, lieutenant Troyes, head of post in Than-Thuy. 1931	Well-worn condition for this letter of a 1/4 page.	N
1931-01-01 00:00:00	Gia-Ninh, Fourreur-Naturaliste, Hanoi, Tonkin, lieutenant Troyes, chef de poste à Than-Thuy. 1931	Gia-Ninh, Fourreur-Naturaliste, Hanoi, Tonkin, lieutenant Troyes, head of post in Than-Thuy. 1931	Well-worn condition.	N
1931-01-01 00:00:00	Gia-Ninh, Fourreur-Naturaliste, Hanoi, Tonkin, lieutenant Troyes, chef de poste à Than-Thuy. 1931	Gia-Ninh, Fourreur-Naturaliste, Hanoi, Tonkin, lieutenant Troyes, head of post in Than-Thuy. 1931	Well-worn condition.	N
1931-01-01 00:00:00	Gia-Ninh, Fourreur-Naturaliste, Hanoi, Tonkin, lieutenant Troyes, chef de poste à Than-Thuy. 1931	Gia-Ninh, Fourreur-Naturaliste, Hanoi, Tonkin, lieutenant Troyes, head of post in Than-Thuy. 1931	Well-worn condition.	N
1931-01-01 00:00:00	Gia-Ninh, Fourreur-Naturaliste, Hanoi, Tonkin, lieutenant Troyes, chef de poste à Than-Thuy. 1931	Gia-Ninh, Fourreur-Naturaliste, Hanoi, Tonkin, lieutenant Troyes, head of post in Than-Thuy. 1931	Good condition.	N
1931-01-01 00:00:00	Imprimerie d'Extrême-Orient, Hanoi, au Lieutenant Troyes, Than-Thuy, Tonkin. 1931	Printing of the Far East, Hanoi, to Lieutenant Troyes, Than-Thuy, Tonkin. 1931	Well-worn condition - lack of paper.	Y
1931-01-01 00:00:00	Société des Imprimeries et Librairie Indochinoises, SaÏgon. Bordereau de Livraison au Lieutenant Troyes, Than-Thuy. 1931	Indochinese Printing and Bookstore Company, Saigon. Delivery slip to Lieutenant Troyes, Than-Thuy. 1931	Well-worn condition.	Y
1931-01-01 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes à Manufacure d'armes et cycles de St-Etienne. Thanh-Thuy. Tonkin.1931	Lieutenant Troyes at Manufacure d'Armes et Cycles de St-Etienne. Thanh Thủy. Tonkin. 1931	Well-used condition for this partly handwritten order.	Y
1931-01-01 00:00:00	Résidence du Tonkin. Permis de port d'armes pour Européens. Lieutenant Troyes. 1931.	Residence of Tonkin. Arms license for Europeans. Lieutenant Troyes. 1931.	Well-worn condition.	Y
1931-01-01 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, à sa tante et à son oncle	Lieutenant Troyes, to his aunt and uncle	Handwritten letter of two double-sided pages. The lieutenant evokes the possibility that he leaves to command the post of Thanh Thủy, specifies that he will be obliged to get rid of his car - a small 6 hp. Renault bought 9000 francs - given the very poor state of the roads and "the isolation of the Post on a peak." The Lieutenant continues on a hunt he made in the mountains of Laos, "inhabited by savage peoples, the Mois, armed with a crossbow ... and living the life of the first men." He describes the Mois as different from the Annamite, loyal, frank, vigorous, independent and that “we are currently talking about“ conquering them. ”It will cost a lot of human lives, because with their arrows, they are very skilful and moreover are very brave. It must be said that certain tribes only among the Mois, are still independent. Rest assured, it is the Native Guard which will go to the front of the arrows and not the porpoises (meaning, the Colonial Marines) ." The lieutenant, in a small note, adds: "certain mountainous regions could never be entered except by isolated people, and at their own risk and peril." Tears with lack of paper and slight damage to the text. A word could not be deciphered, but it is probably a family nickname given to Lieutenant Troyes.	Y
1931-01-12 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, chef de Poste de Thanh-Thuy, à son oncle et à sa tante. 12 Janvier 1931.	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of Post of Thanh Thủy, to his uncle and his aunt. January 12, 1931.	One and a half page typed letter in which the Lieutenant indicates that he is using as a letter opener an authentic Chinese pirate dagger taken by his sergeant, that he has decorated his cai-nha with panels of embroidery, a bundle of bird feathers, a picture painted on glass, etc. He adds that two ceilings having collapsed, he had them redone with bamboo slats covered with lime veneered with twigs of straw hut mixed with this lime.The letter continues on the different uses of bamboo, on his garden, on night guards and the Annamese use of sentries from time to time striking a bamboo hanging from their thighs.	Y
1931-01-26 00:00:00	Lettre de Père Kerabol à Troyes	Letter from Father Kerabol to Troyes		N
1931-01-28 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Hôtel de la Gare, Hanoi, à sa famille à Samatan, Gers.	Lieutenant Troyes, Hôtel de la Gare, Hanoi, to his family in Samatan, Gers.	Handwritten three page letter. The Lieutenant, leaving Hà Tinh, will join his new assignment, Thanh Thủy, waited two days in Nam-Dinh before meeting his chief of staff, who had gone on maneuvers. The Lieutenant will have to introduce himself to Général supérieur and his new division general before joining Thanh Thủy. To rejoin his post, Troyes has a requisition to employ a steam launch from Hanoi to Tuyen-Quang but he cannot leave due to the low water levels and "the railway line that goes to Yunnan can only be used as far as Phu- To and these days the train was stopped by pirates who held the travelers for ransom. The Lieutenant eliminates the journey on horseback, long and impractical because of his eleven trunks, has researched several garages but "none is enthusiastic to take me there", ended up finding "an Vietnamese, who agrees to carry me foir a hundred piastres with my luggage. If I entrusted them to transport by water, it would take a month before they arrived ." Despite the high price, Troyes opts for the Vietnamese car, if the general authorizes it, "because, in principle, one should not travel in isolation." The letter ends with the family relations of the Lieutenant who is longing to take up his new functions and "to live the life of a bushman." Good condition of this mail which is sometimes difficult to read.	Y
1931-02-09 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de Poste à Thanh-Thuy, Tonkin, à sa famille à Samatan, Gers. Thanh-Thuy, 09/02/1931	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of Post in Thanh Thủy, Tonkin, to his family in Samatan, Gers. Thanh Thủy, 02/09/1931	Typed letter of four and a half pages with manuscript addition. The mail begins with a description of the post where the Lieutenant arrived recently: "I confirm again that the Post looks more like a hutch, it is located in a basin, barring the valley and framed by high mountains, very bushy, where movement is possible only by using the paths pioneered by the machete of the mountain races, the Meos and the Mans, burning the bush and cultivating maize and rice. They cannot live below 1000 meters altitude.The climate of the valley is fatal ... They do not frequent the Hà Giang market because located in a dell." The Lieutenant said: "I have with me 36 skirmishers, a secretary-interpreter, an Annamese telegraph-postman and a European sergeant.I am, in addition to my duties as detachment commander and arms commander, administrative-delegate, that is to say officer of civil status, judge, tax collector ... The Upper region is divided into territories - I belong to the 3rd - and administered by soldiers.The resident is a colonel instead of being a civilian." The mail continues on the fauna of the region, some black bears, not dangerous, and rarely tiger and panther, on hunting and fishing, on the Chinese come to settle in Tonkin to escape the horrors of the Yunna war, on the two horses of the post, on the recent autotransportable road between Thanh Thủy and Hà Giang, on an airfield located on a plateau around Hà Giang to supply the Post if they were besieged, organized piracy, on the smuggling opium and the high premiums that the Lieutenant is getting when he stops smugglers, on the mountain races that drove back the Chinese established at home and helped the French during the conquest. The manuscript addition is dedicated to the predecessor of Troyes at the post, .".. a young St-Cyrien, preparing the school of war but of social character and party animal, haunted by the luxurious and amusing life of Hanoi and tired of the hermit life for about twenty months, he asked to make a stay in Hanoi ." The Lieutenant adds: "He admitted to me that some nights, out of sheer madness, he would put himself in a tuxedo at the post office, order his "co" to put on his finery to receive an imaginary guest. The diaries has news about the tourist charm of Thanh Thủy to attract visitors ... " Large lack of paper on the edge of the 3rd page with text infringement.	Y
1931-02-17 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de poste à Thanh-Thuy, Tonkin, à son oncle à Toulouse. Thanh-Thuy, 17/02/1931	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of post in Thanh Thủy, Tonkin, to his uncle in Toulouse. Thanh Thủy, 02/17/1931	Typed letter of one page recto with handwritten additions where the Lieutenant evokes the fauna of Tonkin, less numerous than in Annam, partisans armed with service rifles by the post who killed a tiger and won the premium of 40 piastres; speaks about the gaur, the most formidable wild animal of Indochina and a section loaded by a pack of them that had to put bayonet in the fisil and shoot, of an Annamite attacked by ong-cop (a tiger) who ripped him off arms, etc. The maquis additions relate to gaur and seasons.	Y
1931-02-18 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de poste à Thanh-Thuy, Tonkin, à sa tante à Toulouse. Thanh-Thuy, 18/02/1931	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of post in Thanh Thủy, Tonkin, to his aunt in Toulouse. Thanh Thủy, 02/18/1931	Letter typed one page recto where the Lieutenant writes that he is on the border of Yunnan and "in charge of the anti-opium smuggling police, of the civil administration of the various races of my constituency and the command of a section of skirmishers ", said the resupply is done by pack horses, evokes the holiday of Tet and all the gifts he received on this occasion and the crazy expenses of the Annamites-who go up to indebtedness to this holiday. The letter ends on the parties organized by the Lieutenant at the post to amuse the skirmishers.	Y
1931-02-25 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de poste à Thanh-Thuy, Tonkin, à sa famille à Samatan, Gers. Thanh-Thuy, 25/02/1931	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of post in Thanh Thủy, Tonkin, to his family in Samatan, Gers. Thanh Thủy, 02/25/1931	Typewritten letter of one page with handwritten addition. The Lieutenant evokes a parcel sent, the one-year subscription to Illustration that he offers to his parents, a box of tea that he has sent by Chauffanjon in Hanoi and the orders they will receive for the purchase of a small new car, speaks of the ducks of China: ... "it is not easy to get some, because they come mostly from Kouang-Si rather than Yunnam and communications are almost nonexistent. With the continuous piracy, the frontier police commissioner, who is a great figure, came through Hanoi to go to Yunnam-Fou, for fear of the pirate gangs, who do not hesitate to stop trains. who granted a loan to China to enable them to make roads and schools: "Heavenly Poor, what a mess is civil war, armies routed, generals shot, famine, the leading role of 'money." Then he describes the visit of Bac-Bao's Chinese Chef de Poste, which he had lunch today: "He had put on a blue chauffeur suit, a soft hat, boots, and was very interested in my hunting weapons, especially by my five-shot Browning, he flipped a catalog upside down, took the forks of all the dishes without giving them back, and put in the presence of a superb dish with hors-d'oeuvre with compartments seized all of one ... he gave me a goat that I do not know what to do. " For the handwritten addition, Lieutenant Troyes speaks of a small animal that was brought to him, very pretty fur, very clever and like squirrel, that he will try to raise, that he has already a monkey, three dogs, four cats and pigeons, duck hens ... ", speaks of the death of Father Dambielle (born in Samatan, local historian and writer, author, among others, of" The Sorcery in Gascony " The Lieutenant attached to his letter 3 sheets of ideograms.	N
1931-03-12 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de poste à Thanh-Thuy, Tonkin, à sa famille à Samatan, Gers. Thanh-Thuy, 12/03/1931	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of post in Thanh Thủy, Tonkin, to his family in Samatan, Gers. Thanh Thủy, 03/12/1931	Typed letter of 2 pages 3/4 front. The Lieutenant speaks of his good health, mosquitoes and quinine that he is obliged to take twice a day, the absence of rain for 5 months and that despite this, everything is green, the organization for food: "Every 15 days a convoy leaves for Hà Giang where there is a Chinese grocery store and reports some things to me.I order my canned food in Hanoi.I live mainly thanks to my poultry yard which is numerous and varied. sometimes kill pigs and I buy some ... ", says he can not have beef because it is not good and he hunts almost every night around the station, killing partridge or quail said from China, said he will make nets for fishing. As for its decoration, nothing official but a chief warrant officer of the place in Hà Giang told him that it was done, decoration he obtained on a military basis -without any seniority conditions in Indo-China- for service to the Protectorate. The letter continues on the embroidery panels and photos he sends to his family, on his father's health, on the fact that he can not go himself to Yunnafou or Kai-Hoa to buy a fox , because of the Chinese piracy and ends on a request of the Superior Residence asking him for suggestions on the reform of the tax base among the populations of the High Region: "I scratched my head a long time in front of my blank paper."	Y
1931-03-12 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de poste à Thanh-Thuy, Tonkin, à sa famille à Samatan, Gers. Thanh-Thuy, 12/03/1931	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of post in Thanh Thủy, Tonkin, to his family in Samatan, Gers. Thanh Thủy, 03/12/1931	Typescript letter of 2 3/4 front pages. The Lieutenant speaks of his health which is good, of the mosquitoes and of the quinine which he is obliged to take twice a day, of the absence of rain for 5 months and that despite this, everything is green, of the organization for food: "Every two weeks a convoy leaves for Hà Giang where there is a Chinese grocery store and brings me some things. I order my preserves in Hanoi. I live mainly thanks to my farmyard which is numerous and varied. The natives sometimes kill pigs and I buy some ... ", says he cannot have beef because it is not good and he hunts almost every night around the post, killing partridge or quail say from China, specifies that he will make nets for fishing. As for his decoration, nothing official but a chief warrant officer of the place in Hà Giang told him that it was done, decoration which he obtained in a military capacity - without any condition of seniority in Indo-China - for service to the Protectorate. The letter continues on the embroidery panels and photos he sends to his family, about his father's health, about not being able to travel to Yunnafou or Kai-Hoa himself to buy a fox. , because of the Chinese piracy and ends on a request of the Superior Residence asking him for suggestions on the reform of the tax base among the populations of the Upper Region: "I scratched my head for a long time in front of my paper White."	Y
1931-04-07 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de Poste de Thanh-Thuy, à son oncle. 07/04/1931	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of Post of Thanh Thủy, to his uncle. 04/07/1931	Typed letter of two pages recto where the Lieutenant evokes the absence of gaurs and the scarcity of tiger in the vicinity of Thanh Thủy, but "on the other hand deer, bears, tiger cats, wolves but in small number, mountain partridges, roosters, and quails, in short, a meager country of hunting, how different from Annam, where the paths in the mountains are literally trampled by the wild beasts. " The Lieutenant evokes the night when he was faced with a herd of elephants, then the fishing ... "There are many huge fish, but difficult to take, the river being, as said Colonel Roux, a succession of torrents "and is not navigable," the sampans only go as far as Hà Giang ." The letter continues on the monotony of the Upper Region, "uniformity of light, landscape, without crops other than rice, coffee and corn, inhabited by primitive races, no roads, but paths, no important agglomeration, an unpleasant climate ." Then the Lieutenant talks about his diet, garden vegetables and pork in winter and summer, canned vegetables and pork. The Lieutenant continues on the temperature, "49 ° today in the shade", very rare rain but the Post is suitable for the Lieutenant who feels lord and master in his constituency, speaks of hunting gaur and buffalo is the more dangerous, "the one with the tiger, panther and elephant are much easier", quotes a gentleman to Huế who killed 35 elephants, speaks of the Man people who are very hunters and use air pistols or matchlocks "and shooot all day, "their gats always with them, he saw them hunting with their dogs mounted on their small horses. The letter ends on the work of the Lieutenant at the post, on the smallness of the horses, one meter fifteen to one meter twenty-five, the Lieutenant has bought one who ... "despite his smallness works well and is very adroit to walk on the narrowest paths ", on his position as a doctor at the post and that he has with him a European sergeant and 44 skirmishers and that Thanh Thủy is not a town but the name of the post.	N
1931-04-14 00:00:00	Lettre a son oncle Tonton et sa tante Jeanne (de Thanh Thuy)	Letter to his uncle Tonton and his aunt Jeanne (from Thanh Thuy)	Delcampe description?	Y
1931-04-21 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de poste à Thanh-Thuy, Tonkin, à sa famille à Samatan, Gers. Thanh-Thuy, 21/04/1931	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of post in Thanh Thủy, Tonkin, to his family in Samatan, Gers. Thanh Thủy, 04/21/1931	Typed letter of one and a half apges where the lieutenant speaks of the climate: "I'm warmer here than during my stay in the Red Sea," his colonel from Nam Định who came to see him to inspect the Post and who left for Hoang Su Phi, 57 kilometers from Thanh Thủy, accompanied by Lieutenant Troyes who left him at the limits of his kingdom, that is to say 41 kilometers where the captain of Hoang Su Phi came to seek the colonel. The Lieutenant describes his journey, 82 kilometers in two days with the same horse, the heat of Thanh Thủy then the freshness while climbing, a thunderstorm at the Tchin Su Pin pass (2100 altitude) where he crossed clouds of fog, describes the colonel as still alert despite his 55 years and he did not eat during the stage, "an accomplished colonial who knew Colonel Barreau", and when he commanded a post in AEF had been surrounded for 7 months. The letter ends with the congratulations received by the Lieutenant of the Commander of the Territory "for the judicious arrangements made in the middle of the night which allowed the arrest of two legionaries who deserted."	Y
1931-04-30 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de Poste à Thanh-Thuy, Tonkin, à sa famille à Samatan, Gers. Hermann Norden. 30/04/1931	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of Post in Thanh Thủy, Tonkin, to his family in Samatan, Gers. Hermann Norden. 04/30/1931	Typed letter of 3 pages recto where the Lieutenant indicates that "the postal service is fast now that is organized a regular connection by car with Hanoi. I borrow this road which I spoke to you and which took me to Thanh Thủy. It is the one and only for the Third Military Territory which however has the length of several French departments ." The Lieutenant adds: "What to do with this immense chaos of mountains? There are, of course, interesting metals to extract ... but the difficulties of extraction are considerable.A single way of penetration and no navigable river. one does not have the idea to come there to seek fortune. Then the Lieutenant quotes Hermann Norden, American novelist, who came in February 1930 "who has gone through all the posts asking for tips of all kinds ... Here is the telegram he sent to his departure to the Military Resident:" Having taken leave of the 3rd Territory I beg you to accept my sincere and sincere thanks for the cordial reception of which I have been honored by you and your officers. So far my visit to you is the highlight of my stay in Indo-China. "The letter continues on the passage to Thanh Thủy captain Hoang-Su-Phi with his wife who are repatriated to France, that the captain's wife "will be the last of the women in the border posts, this authorization is no longer granted by the general." The letter continues on the hunt, an iguana -by the lieutenant-whose "skin is used to make doors -Leaves, gloves, belts, shoes ... I also killed a very weird animal ... 1m 35 long with 58 cms tail, 90 cms wide, a very beautiful fur, a cat's head with teeth rodent, membranes like the bat to fly. "The Lieutenant adds that the skirmishers are in great joy because he killed the" Maccoui ", the bad luck, none of these skirmishers knows this strange animal , which he himself has researched and found in no dictionary. On a new host in the forest, there are golden pheasants, eels and dowels in the river, an eight kilo fish caught by a Chinese. The letter ends on the family relations, on the end of his stay in Thanh Thủy, on 2 huts housing the tirailleurs married outside the post and "5 or 6 huts on the other side of the Thanh Thủy River, inhabited by Chinese ." Hermann Norden published at Payot, in 1931, "Through Indo-China."	N
1931-05-06 00:00:00	Manufacture Française d'Armes et Cycles. Lieutenant Troyes, chef de poste à Thanh-Thuy, Tonkin. 6 Mai 1931	French Manufacture of Weapons and Cycles. Lieutenant Troyes, head of post at Thanh Thủy, Tonkin. May 6, 1931	Well-worn condition for this double-sided invoice.	N
1931-05-08 00:00:00	Poste de Thanh-Thuy, Lieutenant Troyes à sa soeur à Samatan, Gers, 8 Mai 1931.	Post of Thanh Thủy, Lieutenant Troyes to his sister in Samatan, Gers, May 8, 1931.	Typed letter of a front page. The letter begins on the family relations then the Lieutenant goes on the impossibility to go to the mass, no missionary being on the Third Military Territory and the small church of Hà Giang does not have a priest. The Lieutenant regrets having left Huế and cites that administrative delegations of the kind of Thanh Thủy were created in Hà Tĩnh, Vinh and Quảng Ngãi and that he could run for the job, being dismissed in law and knowing the whole Hà Tĩnh province that he traveled in all directions by car and motorcycle, adds that the resident Lagrèze went to France and that Mr. de Saint-Blanquat was the victim of a serious car accident. The letter ends on family relationships.	Y
1931-05-12 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de Poste à Thanh-Thuy, à son oncle à Toulouse. 12/05/1931	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of Post in Thanh Thủy, to his uncle in Toulouse. 05/12/1931	Typed letter of two pages recto where after the remarks relating to the family, the Lieutenant writes: "The natives, men and women, always carry on them a machete, attached to the belt, in a wooden sheath. at least 1000 meters above sea level) are all armed with rifles, without stocks, with a match.The ferrules are made from tin cans, or flattened pieces of silver.They procure powder and lead in China. ..They cultivate the steep slopes of the mountains, after clearing them with cutting and fire. The Lieutenant specifies that Mans and Meos live to be very old and do not smoke opium, that they own small horses which go up to their villages on goat tracks and that he went on horseback with his European sergeant in a Man village to define a path: .".. as soon as one arrives towards 900 meters, one would think oneself in France, cascades of fresh water, strawberries in the woods, succulents" , while Thanh Thủy is located in a bowl where there is a lot of heat. The letter goes on fishing, eels in the Clear River, shrimps in the Thanh Thủy River, specifies that the fish called mandarin here is called captain in Africa, that even small it has a huge mouth and that one fishes it with chickens' intestines "We make a bait as big as a medium apple (without exaggerating)." The Lieutenant adds that he does not smoke opium but that his secretary smokes 60 pipes a day and that his native sergeant and several skirmishers give to the brown fairy, "all the huts of the Chinese village of Thanh Thủy are converted in the smoking rooms all night long where the Lieutenant sometimes goes to speak with the opium smokers The letter ends with the Chinese, whom the Lieutenant finds very friendly: "I have a little celestial as a panka puller, who follows everywhere ... with a fan in hand, who gave me good round stones ... to hold my papers on the desk ... (description ends here)	Y
1931-05-12 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de Poste à Thanh-Thuy, à son oncle à Toulouse. 12/05/1931	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of Post in Thanh Thủy, to his uncle in Toulouse. 05/12/1931	Typescript letter of 2 recto pages where after the remarks relating to the family, the Lieutenant writes: "The natives, men and women, always carry with them a cut cup, attached to the belt, in a wooden sheath. Les Mans (inhabitant at least at 1000 meters of altitude) are all armed with rifles, without stock, with wick.The ferrules are made with tin cans, or flattened silver pieces.They get the powder and lead in China. ..They cultivate the steep slopes of the mountains, after having cleared them with a cut and fire ”. The Lieutenant specifies that Mans and Méos live very old and do not smoke opium, that they have small horses which take them to their villages on goat trails and that he went on horseback with his European sergeant. in a Man village to reconnoitre a path: .".. as soon as you arrive around 900 meters, you would coir yourself in France. Cascades of fresh water, strawberries in the woods, succulents" , while Thanh Thủy is located in a basin where there is great heat. The letter continues on fishing, eels in the Rivière Claire, shrimps in Thanh Thủy-Ho, specifies that the fish called mandarin here is called captain in Africa, that even small it has an immense mouth and that it is caught. with chicken guts, "We make a bait as big as a medium apple (without exaggerating)." The Lieutenant adds that he does not smoke opium but that his secretary smokes 60 pipes a day and that his native sergeant and several skirmishers devote themselves to the brown fairy, "all the huts of the Chinese village of Thanh Thủy are converted in dens all night long where the Lieutenant sometimes goes to talk to the opium smokers. The letter ends on the Chinese whom the Lieutenant finds very sympathetic: "I have a little Celeste as a panka shooter ... follows everywhere ... with a fan in hand, gives me round pebbles as a present ... to hold my papers on the desk ...	Y
1931-05-14 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de poste à Thanh-Thuy, Tonkin, à son oncle à Toulouse. Thanh-Thuy, 14/05/1931	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of post in Thanh Thủy, Tonkin, to his uncle in Toulouse. Thanh Thủy, 05/14/1931	Typed letter of two pages recto where the Lieutenant speaks thus of the Annamese: .".. because to make you a gift of Annamite would be a very poor gift ... The Annamite makes many presents, but it is to obey the law of his ancestors, to obey the use, or to profit from it ", evokes the Chinese," It is the most peaceful people on earth and they are always fighting. it's pushing them ... ", talks about the Flatters mission," Europeans in the middle of the desert without food to eat among themselves ", Coleman lamps with the force of 300 candlepower that he uses at the post, Briand, Colonial Exhibition, Indo-China: .".. because we see here only a rotten breed of defects, people eager to earn money.It is the country par excellence of rivalry between the men, the gossips, the few officials of Hà Giang are not very interesting ... The head of Lao-Tchay Station laments all day long ... it is still a good luck for him not to have been tempted by the one that makes us forget everything, to glimpse paradise, the Brown Fairy ... ", etc.	Y
1931-05-22 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de poste à Thanh-Thuy, Tonkin, à sa famille à Samatan, Gers. Thanh-Thuy, 22/05/1931	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of post in Thanh Thủy, Tonkin, to his family in Samatan, Gers. Thanh Thủy, 05/22/1931	Typed letter of 1 page double-sided. The lieutenant speaks of hunting and fishing, the stifling heat, the two tablets of quinine he takes every day, his manual for the use of posts without doctors that he logs to treat people, his pharmacy equipment, precision balance, scalpel, curette, syringes, his role as veterinarian, a case of measles at Thanh Thuy Post with immediate effect of confinement to Post, "locked up for months between four walls", but, "Fortunately the doctor was wrong" and the Lieutenant was able to open the doors of the Post again. The Lieutenant adds that frontier reconnaissance will be ordered for several days and that they have received a complete camp equipment and that the European sergeant or him, in turn, will order them, because it is always necessary for a White to be present at the Post.	N
1931-05-22 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de poste à Thanh-Thuy, Tonkin, à sa famille à Samatan, Gers. Thanh-Thuy, 22/05/1931	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of post in Thanh Thủy, Tonkin, to his family in Samatan, Gers. Thanh Thủy, 05/22/1931	Typographical letter of 1 double-sided page. The lieutenant talks about hunting and fishing, the stifling heat, the 2 quinine tablets he takes every day, his manual for the use of posts without doctors that he logs in order to treat people, his pharmacy equipment, precision scales, scalpel, curette, syringes, of his role as a veterinarian, of a case of measles at Thanh Thuy post with immediate effect of consigned post, "locked up for months between four walls", but, "Fortunately the doctor was wrong" and the Lieutenant was able to open the doors of the Post again. The Lieutenant adds that border reconnaissance will be ordered for several days and that they have received complete camping equipment and that the European sergeant or he, in turn, will order them, because there must always be a White present at the Post.	Y
1931-05-27 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de poste à Thanh-Thuy, Tonkin, à sa famille à Samatan, Gers. Thanh-Thuy, 27/05/1931	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of post in Thanh Thủy, Tonkin, to his family in Samatan, Gers. Thanh Thủy, 05/27/1931	1 1/4 page typed letter. The Lieutenant speaks of the fear that his shipments will not reach France: "The mere fact of seeing Indo-China on parcels excites the lust of small employees" and quotes the embroidery sent to his uncle, embroidery that he did not has never received, speaks of Hanoi where he saw General Billote who told him: "You are not afraid to go to Thanh Thủy, it's hard ... Your predecessor had enough ..." Troyes adds that to be a postmaster: "You have to have the hunter and fisherman temperament, love nature, not regret the Cercle, the cinema, the commerce of his fellows. My postmaster in Lao-Tchay has his morale down every day. He imagines that his guards are going to poison him. He came to Thanh Thủy yesterday ... He trembles with feverish impatience to see "civilization." The letter ends with the living conditions of Vietnamese peasants and Chinese: "Which Marcelin would like to cultivate the slopes of the mountains, live in cai-nhas - in straw huts - and eat exclusively red rice? The Chinese are even more unhappy, because they are subjected to piracy and unjust mandarins."	Y
1931-05-27 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de Poste à Thanh-Thuy, Tonkin, à sa famille à Samatan, Gers.	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of Post in Thanh Thủy, Tonkin, to his family in Samatan, Gers.		Y
1931-06-02 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, chef de Poste de Thanh-Thuy, à sa tante. 2 Juin 1931.	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of Post of Thanh Thủy, to his aunt. June 2, 1931.	Typed letter of one page recto with handwritten addition where the Lieutenant evokes the mule tracks of Ma Li Po Khai Hoa infested with pirates and that the Chinese traders never use, adds that it sends to Thanh Thủy "only poor wretches coming to sell some chickens, Chinese sugar, it is these themselves who would be pirates if traders carrying skins, stuffs, things of value, ventured to enter Tonkin by Thanh Thủy ." Then the lieutenant talks about his naturalist furrier from Hanoi who sells Chinese foxes between 40 and 70 piastres, etc. The manuscript addition relates to the lost mail, two allusions to the Colonial Exhibition of 1931, and the orders the lieutenant sends to his sister.	Y
1931-06-03 00:00:00	Poste de Thanh-Thuy, Lieutenant Troyes à sa mère à Samatan, Gers, 30 Juin 1931.	Post of Thanh Thủy, Lieutenant Troyes to his mother in Samatan, Gers, June 30, 1931.	Typed letter of a front page. The beginning of the mail is devoted to the Lieutenant's family relations, which then states that women are not admitted to the post and specifies "The Captain's wife who was in Hoang Su Phi and whom I told you about was the last" and ends his letter about the isolation of Posts, hundreds of kilometers from a doctor sometimes: "one in Ha Giang for a sector of 600K around", no roads, no settler, the obligation to move to horse. Good condition.
1931-06-03 00:00:00	Poste de Thanh-Thuy, Lieutenant Troyes à son oncle et à sa tante, 30 Juin 1931.	Post of Thanh Thủy, Lieutenant Troyes to his uncle and aunt, June 30, 1931.	Typed letter of a front page. The Lieutenant evokes the enormous paperwork to which he is subjected and his study of Vietnamese, speaks of the head of Dao-Tchai post whose congai was poisoned by his sergeant, he fears himself to be poisoned and believes that his troops will revolt. The lieutenant writes that he has had exchanged all his Tho riflemen for Annamites. The end of the mail is devoted to terrible racist considerations towards the Annamites, "abject race, breed of dogs", of which is except a Vietnamese elite favorable to the Europeans. Good condition.	Y
1931-06-14 00:00:00	Imprimerie d'Extrême-Orient, Hanoi, au Lieutenant Troyes, Than-Thuy, Tonkin.	Printing of the Far East, Hanoi, to Lieutenant Troyes, Than-Thuy, Tonkin.	Used condition - lack of paper.	N
1931-07-04 00:00:00	Poste de Thanh-Thuy, Lieutenant Troyes à sa soeur Josette à Samatan, Gers, 4 Juillet 1931.	Post of Thanh Thủy, Lieutenant Troyes to his sister Josette in Samatan, Gers, July 4, 1931.	Typed letter of a front page. The Lieutenant evokes a case of imitative magic of the Man women in the process of giving birth, speaks of the pirates who cross the rivers by placing under their armpits two sticks and rowing with the feet, of the war against De Tham where his soldiers were hiding at the bottom of the pools, breathing with bamboos. Stamped "Thanh Thủy Tonkin Sector" at the bottom of the mail. Good condition.	Y
1931-07-07 00:00:00	Poste de Thanh-Thuy, Lieutenant Troyes à son oncle et à sa tante, 7 Juillet 1931.	Post of Thanh Thủy, Lieutenant Troyes to his uncle and aunt, July 7, 1931.	Typed letter of 2 pages recto. The Lieutenant kindly makes fun of his father who -necognizing the local material conditions- suggested buying a fan: "Why not also a vacuum cleaner to brush the hangings of my smokehouse, a funicular to climb on the mountains to to take the cool in the evening? ... the comfort, it is good for the Delta, in the High Region, here, it does not exist, one lives still the first times of the conquest, there are very few things of Modernized parcels of more than 10 K. Always take 45 days to reach Hà Giang of Tuyen Quang.The horse is always the only means of transport, only a weekly bus service was created at the end of 1930 But it never works because of the road that always has something and the bridges are still bamboo for a large majority. The lieutenant adds that one thing he really lacks is that he can neither hunt nor fish successfully, "it is a poor country with very little game and fish", that he regrets his hunts at elephant and gaur. The loneliness does not weigh to the Lieutenant and he supports very well the absence of comfort and distractions as well as the painful climate of the summer where the fans are replaced by the pankas. The remainder of the letter is devoted to a certain Bonnafous, a reserve officer in the artillery - dead in a plane crash - that the Lieutenant knew, to the newspapers and brochures that the Lieutenant's family sent him, the latter thanking his uncle and aunt of sending "Coup de Paw", of Candide. There is a satirical newspaper published in 1931 bearing this name. Was it published by Candide, an anti-Semitic, antirepublican, antiparliamentary, antidemocratic and anti-communist newspaper? A tear on the first page without affecting the text, a stain on the second.
1931-07-14 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de Poste à Thanh-Thuy, à son oncle et à sa tante Jeanne. 14/07/1931	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of Post in Thanh Thủy, to his uncle and his aunt Jeanne. 07/14/1931	Typed letter of 1.75 pages. The Lieutenant speaks of the boy-scout knife he has received, mountain men and women, who constantly have a long dagger with them that allows them to make their way through the bush, evokes the strong heat and that each day he has skirmishers who have a fever and he evacuates on stretchers, speaks of his job as a doctor he does not like because he is not very qualified, his sergeant who is his first master nurse and that they do not often agree on the symptoms and the treatment, speaks of a patient affected, "'a species like measles" sent to Hà Giang where the doctor diagnosed a measles and that the Post was recorded : "Closed between four walls whose reflection of the wall painted with lime hurts the eyes, it was not very happy." The letter ends with a skirmisher coming back from the forest "swollen like an otter (the whole body), it was the sap of a certain wood that provoked it." Marginal tear with little lack of paper on the first page.	Y
1931-07-14 00:00:00	Poste de Thanh-Thuy, Lieutenant Troyes à ses parents et à sa soeur Josette, à Samatan, Gers, 14 Juillet 1931.	Post of Thanh Thủy, Lieutenant Troyes to his parents and his sister Josette, in Samatan, Gers, July 14, 1931.	Typed letter of 2 pages recto. The Lieutenant speaks of gifts sent to his family, a black fox skin and a fox crossed, a wooden liquor holder encrusted with mother-of-pearl, evokes the 14th of July when the native chiefs brought him ""trays", consisting of eggs, chickens, rice, pineapple and a superb fish, the Lieutenant made them drink Veuve-Amiot and gave a cigar. The riflemen of teh post organized a theatrical evening, "Songs accompanied by various baroque instruments, dances with the machete, monologues.Perfect imitation and dressed like real artists. the surprisingly perfect mimicry ." To thank them, the Lieutenant organized a free lottery with "a small batch of junk" which cost him 20 piastres. The rest of the mail is devoted to the climate of Thanh Thủy and the family ties of the Lieutenant.	N
1931-07-21 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de Poste à Thanh-Thuy, Tonkin, à sa famille à Samatan, Gers. Thanh-Thuy, 21/07/1931	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of Post in Thanh Thủy, Tonkin, to his family in Samatan, Gers. Thanh Thủy, 07/21/1931	Typed letter of three pages recto where the Lieutenant compares his luxurious life to Huế "I dressed classy, ​​drove for a hundred meters, went to the circle, parties ... and yet I paid for a car and a motorcycle, or 11500 francs "to that of Thanh Thủy where his pay of 470 piastres is largely affected by his food expenses, the overpriced cans he is obliged to buy because he does not have fresh vegetables, the normal goods , condensed milk, wine, sugar, coffee, flour, excessively expensive. The Lieutenant describes the post as surrounded by fog most of the year, "not a walk to do, completely isolated, it's absolutely the life of a lighthouse keeper." That's why we should not be too angry at Mr. Lagier who "held" 2 years, what happened, the boredome with all its follies, would have arrived before many others ." Then the Lieutenant speaks of the poor quality red rice transplanted along the Thanh Thủy River, sown dry in a rice field, seed sown on the fly, trampling buffaloes push it into the earth, compares the lives of mountaineers and mountain dwellers, Méos, Nungs, Thos, Mans, with that of peasants and peasants of France, "poor bastards carrying in a hood a few eggs, bananas, a little cu nao, their little belt tied in the back, making 40 kilometers. and more to sell their products to Hà Giang, in trails across the mountain, protecting himself with a large leaf of palm tree from the relentless sun, ants, reds, leeches climbing on the body. What to think about this spectacle of half-naked men, with their hair falling in the back, dripping with sweat, clearing with heavy daggers, the slopes of the mountains, plowing themselves sometimes, their animals can not drag it there, the slope being too strong ." The mail ends with a few considerations relating to these rough mountaineers.	Y
1931-07-21 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de Poste à Thanh-Thuy, Tonkin, à sa famille à Samatan, Gers. Thanh-Thuy, 21/07/1931	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of Post in Thanh Thủy, Tonkin, to his family in Samatan, Gers. Thanh Thủy, 07/21/1931	Typewritten letter of 3 recto pages where the Lieutenant compares his luxurious life to Huế "I dressed chic, drove a car for a hundred yards, went to the club, to parties ... and yet I bought myself a car and a motorbike, that is to say 11,500 francs "to that of Thanh Thủy where his balance of 470 piastres is largely eroded by his food expenses, the overpriced canned goods that he is obliged to buy because he has no fresh vegetables, common goods , condensed milk, wine, sugar, coffee, flour, excessively expensive. The Lieutenant describes the Post as shrouded in fog most of the year, "not a walk to take, completely secluded. It's absolutely life as a lighthouse keeper. So don't be too angry with it. this Mr Lagier who "held" there for 2 years. What happened, the cockroach with all its follies, would have happened before to many others ." Then the Lieutenant speaks of the red rice of mediocre quality transplanted along the Thanh Thủy Ho, sown thickly in a paddy field, grain sown on the fly that the buffaloes by trampling dig into the ground, compares the life of the mountaineers and the mountaineers, Meotes, Nungs, Thos, Mans, with that of the peasants and peasants of France, "poor bougresses carrying in a basket some eggs, bananas, a little cunao, their little one tied in the back, making 40 K. and more to sell their products to Hà Giang, in paths through the mountain, shielding himself with a large palm leaf from the relentless sun, the ants, red, the leeches climbing on the body. What to think in front of this spectacle of half-naked men, their hair falling down. in the back, dripping with sweat, clearing the slopes of the mountains with great blows of daggers, sometimes harnessing themselves to the plow, their animals not being able to drag it there, the slope being too steep ." The letter ends with a few considerations relating to these harsh mountaineers.	Y
1931-08-19 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de poste à Thanh-Thuy, Tonkin, à sa famille à Samatan, Gers. Thanh-Thuy, 19/081931	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of post in Thanh Thủy, Tonkin, to his family in Samatan, Gers. Thanh Thủy, 08/191931	Letter written on 1 page recto where the Lieutenant returned on the 15th of the month of Hà Giang to Thanh Thủy with a lieutenant and his wife on horseback, spoke of a lunch with the Chinese postmaster of Bac-Bao, "that the chief of Man Mei's post received at his table several Chinese officers who were none other than pirate chiefs.An emissary was at the door not daring to openly warn the Lieutenant who offered them a big dinner and thought he was dealing with regulars. They were also good pirates killing and ransoming "only for their food" as the emissary said. The letter ends with the usual words related to the family.	N
1931-08-21 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, à sa tante à Toulouse. Thanh-Thuy.	Lieutenant Troyes, to his aunt in Toulouse. Thanh Thủy.	Type letter of 1 double-sided page. Letter essentially devoted to China and the opium smokers: "This poor country does not know peace. The pirate gangs kill, ransom. The Chinese accept all injustices with an admirable philosophy. Opium contributes greatly to this result. You have to have seen and lived in the real bush to be able to understand. I sometimes go to the village of Thanh Thủy at night, only inhabited by Chinese. The other day, one was slowly dying of a fever, pipe in his mouth . I gave him 1 gram of quinine sulfate, and he did not die. He did not even give me the impression of thinking of a thank you. He was dying so slowly, painlessly and that was for him a deliverance ." Then the Lieutenant responds to a fear of his aunt: "Do not be afraid that I smoke ... I could not ensure my service. To devote yourself to the brown fairy seems very dreadful to you, but here, where we smoke everything around me (tirailleurs, my secretary, my sergeant, all the Chinese of Thant-Thuy), we understand it ... It is quite obvious that the rifleman does not have the right to smoke, but to order one to 'them that he renounces it - if he is intoxicated - it is to provoke a refusal of obedience ."	Y
1931-08-31 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de poste à Thanh-Thuy, Tonkin, à sa famille à Samatan, Gers. Thanh-Thuy, 31/081931	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of post in Thanh Thủy, Tonkin, to his family in Samatan, Gers. Thanh Thủy, 08/311931	Typed letter of two pages recto where the Lieutenant speaks of the entry of the winter in Thanh Thủy, that he can go fishing and hunt and specifies that the winter in Tonkin looks like autumn in France, speaks of this wonderful country of Annam which was a perpetual summer, says that the temperature in Thanh Thủy is the only important issue that commands all the others, described, with a beautiful use of hypotyposis: "Today's second holiday of Tet, in honor of the Genii. Ceremonies at the pagoda.Interminable songs, present to Buddha, gongs sanctioning the psalms in praise of Wind, Thunder, Light ... The singers are sitting in a row, at the tailors, fanning themselves and give themselves a little cordial from time to time.The kids squeal, the dogs fight under the altar, the people call out loudly, rot conscientiously, scratch, betel spitting, throwing around them red spittle or smoking pipe opening water like a piece of 100 sous ... ." The lieutenant adds that he has paid a dozen coconuts "arrived by extraordinary to Thanh Thủy and coming from the Middle Region ... Each nut cost me 30 cents, that is to say 3 French francs, everything is "overpriced" here. How would you do if your monthly bill of mouth fees was 1000 francs per person. In Huế, I cooked and ate very well for 60 piastres. "The Lieutenant adds that he begins to speak Annamese and that there are 99 percent of Europeans here who do not know a word and that the commandment was concerned and organized compulsory courses in the garrisons. The mail ends on the collegiate of Gimont (Gers) where the Lieutenant was student. Wet on the second page.	Y
1931-08-31 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de poste à Thanh-Thuy, Tonkin, à sa famille à Samatan, Gers. Thanh-Thuy, 31/081931	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of post in Thanh Thủy, Tonkin, to his family in Samatan, Gers. Thanh Thủy, 08/311931	Typewritten letter of 2 recto pages where the Lieutenant speaks of the entry of winter to Thanh Thủy, which he will be able to go fishing and hunting and specifies that winter in Tonkin resembles autumn in France, speaks of this wonderful country of Annam which was a perpetual summer, says that the temperature in Thanh Thủy is the only important question which controls all the others, described, with a beautiful use of the hypotyposis: "Today second festival of Tet , in honor of the Geniuses. Ceremonies at the pagoda. Interminable chants, present to Buddha, gongs sanctioning the psalms in praise of the Wind, Thunder, Light ... The singers are seated in a row, at the tailors style, fan each other and give each other a little cordial from time to time. Kids squeal, dogs fight under the altar, people call out loud, burp conscientiously, scratch each other, chew betel nut throwing red sputum around them or smoking the waterpipe at the opening like a coin of 100 sous ... ." The lieutenant adds that he bought himself a dozen coconuts "arrived by extraordinary in Thanh Thủy and coming from the Middle Region ... Each nut cost me 30 cents, that is to say 3 French francs Everything is "overpriced" around here. How would you do if your monthly food bill was 1000 francs per person? In Huế, I had cooked and ate very well for 60 piastres. ”The Lieutenant added that he began to speak Annamese and that there are 99 percent of Europeans here who do not know a word of it and that the command was worried about it and organized compulsory courses in the garrisons. The mail ends at the college of Gimont (Gers) where the Lieutenant of which the Lieutenant was a pupil. Mouillure on the second page.	Y
1931-09-25 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de Poste à Thanh-Thuy, à son oncle et à sa tante Jeanne. 25/09/1931	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of Post in Thanh Thủy, to his uncle and his aunt Jeanne. 09/25/1931	Type letter of one recto page where the Lieutenant describes his daily life and the high cost of living in Thanh Thủy.	Y
1931-09-25 00:00:00	Lettre a son oncle Tonton et sa tante Jeanne (de Thanh Thuy)	Letter to his uncle Tonton and his aunt Jeanne (from Thanh Thuy)		N
1931-10-01 00:00:00	Catalogue Armes et Munitions des GMR. Hanoi. Saison 1931-1932. Lieutenant Troyes.	GMR Weapons and Ammunition Catalog. Hanoi. 1931-1932 season. Lieutenant Troyes.	IDEO, Hanoi, undated, in-8 paperback and stapled, unfoliotated (10 pages). Illustrated with drawings in black. The catalog presents rifles, shotguns, ammunition, pistols and revolvers, primers, wads, boxes of accessories, boxes, shot, hunting powder, shot shells, weapon accessories, maintenance accessories and equipment. GMR check stamp dated October 1, 1931 on the first page, rusty staples. Folds on the last page, a small piece of paper glued to the back cover. The catalog belonged to Lieutenant Troyes, who served in Hà Tĩnh, was postmaster in Thanh Thủy and intelligence officer in Huế.	Y
1931-10-07 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de poste à Thanh-Thuy, Tonkin, à sa famille à Samatan, Gers. Thanh-Thuy, 07/10/1931	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of post in Thanh Thủy, Tonkin, to his family in Samatan, Gers. Thanh Thủy, 07/10/1931	Typed letter of 1.5 pages recto where the Lieutenant describes his solitary life which suits him perfectly, indicates that it has only two spoons and two forks, that he is obliged to borrow from his sergeant when he has a guest and he does not buy other cutlery because: "These Vietnamese are thieves and liars, everything is good for them to take, even things that will never serve them ... I constantly on me the keys of my linen closet, my chest, my hunting implements, my reserve of tinned cans.The European sergeant always carries the keys of the arms shop, the powder magazine, the paddy, cases of drugs ... There would be volumes to fill of these combinations of bep, cook, coolie ." The letter continues on the hunt, a painting of one wild hen and four turtledoves, on the Director of the Bank of Indo-China who was badly wounded by Chinese pirates in Yunnanfou and they murdered a paymaster of the line Lao-Kay-Yunnanfou (railway line). Marginal lack of paper on the second page.	Y
1931-10-23 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de Poste à Thanh-Thuy, à son oncle et à sa tante Jeanne à Toulouse. 23/10 1931	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of Post in Thanh Thủy, to his uncle and to his aunt Jeanne in Toulouse. 10/23 1931	Typed letter of 1 page double-sided where the Lieutenant says to have received the letters and newspapers sent by his uncle and his aunt, speaks of his seedlings and the vegetables that he can not have in summer in Thanh Thủy whereas the all year round, which reduces it to sprout paddy, to eat bamboo shoots. He adds that he constantly eats pork because the natives of the High Region raise very few animals and that the Chinese raise more farmyard animals, which he buys them easily, then talks about fishing. and the hunt, the photos he sends them, one representing the big canes that the Chinese use to bring down from the mountain the fameux bois de samou, the other photo representing women Méos, Meos who do not live below 800 meters of altitude, that the Lieutenant classifies in "white, red, embroidered, black Meos (according to the way in which they wear the hair)", which cultivate the maize,irrigated rice fields and the opium poppies . The Lieutenant described the Méo as proud, independent, very superstitious, raised to drunkenness, access to collective and contagious fury. The letter ends with a comparison between Thos or Tays, Mans, Meos and Nungs.	N
1931-10-27 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de poste à Thanh-Thuy, Tonkin, à sa famille à Samatan, Gers. Thanh-Thuy, 27/10/1931	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of post in Thanh Thủy, Tonkin, to his family in Samatan, Gers. Thanh Thủy, 10/27/1931	Typed letter of two double-sided pages in 16x20 format. The Lieutenant is talking about parcels of furs, wall panels, mother-of-pearl inlaid tray and 2-tiered tray to serve the Antin monster tea that he sent to his parents and received. He indicates that he will inquire to prepare the tea flowers properly, indicates the origin of the tea: "It is harvested on the plantations of Phu To, directed by Mr Du Pasquier with whom I traveled on the boat and with whose wife I have often danced in Kandies (Ceylon). He comes to Thanh Thủy incessantly to see how tea is grown by my mountaineers ... In my case, I drink wine that I pay an eyewatering fee (7 to 8 francs of the most ordinary) ", speaks of the tea of ​​the riflemen's kitchen which is made with leaves harvested in Thanh Thủy, evokes Hà Giang:" I have a horror of it, it is horribly ugly and immensely sad ", his application for tenure:" my request can only be valid from my two years of colony, that is to say May 16, 1932 ." He answers his parents: "Yes, I have fireplaces, it is a little useless luxury but I have never used it (arrived however in January 31)." He speaks of Buddha, who is interested in his father: "I have never seen in the native huts, there is only a sort of shelf, covered with wallpapers with a few sticks of incense, it is the altar There was one at the post pagoda, but if I took it, I would be put to death, according to the Annamese Code "(The Lieutenant was an excellent connoisseur of the Annamese Code, he gave a lecture- typed text of 18 pages-, in June 1937, at the Circle of Huế Officers, on the Gia-Long Code). The Lieutenant offers his parents a small coffin on his chimney and an iguana skin. Before sealing this letter, Troyes added an addendum to the shipping notice stubs where it is proved that he paid the customs duties at the outset, talks about the differences between China and Japan about Manchuria: "Japan refusing to accept the solution of the League of Nations, established by this creepy Briand, will there be the war between Celest and Japanese?	Y
1931-11-18 00:00:00	Poste de Thanh-Thuy, Lieutenant Troyes à son oncle à Toulouse, 18 Novembre1931.	Post of Thanh Thủy, Lieutenant Troyes to his uncle in Toulouse, November 18, 1931.	The bulk of the mail is spent hunting and fishing Lieutenant and adds that while 3/4of the posts in the Upper Region are pleasant, Thanh Thủy is the exception. Good condition.	Y
1931-11-28 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de poste à Thanh-Thuy, Tonkin, à sa famille à Samatan, Gers. Thanh-Thuy, 28/11/1931	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of post in Thanh Thủy, Tonkin, to his family in Samatan, Gers. Thanh Thủy, 11/28/1931	A one page typewritten letter addressed to her sister and a 1.5 page handwritten letter addressed to her father. The letter addressed to his sister speaks of the health problems of their father, of the situation in Manchuria: "For the moment, the League of Nations is only paddling a little more. I am for the Japanese. Posters are circulating in China which have arrived as far as this town of Bac-Bao say that we will help, as well as England, the Japanese. China claims to impose itself in Manchuria and it is unable to maintain itself there by force ." The Lieutenant then speaks of the floods in China which "made three million victims ... The aid sent by the International Red Cross was captured by the Generals to wage war between them!." The letter addressed to his father concerns his health problems. Shortages of paper to the handwritten letter, without affecting the text.	Y
1931-12-11 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de Poste à Thanh-Thuy, à ses parents, Samatan, Gers. 11/12/1931.	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of Post in Thanh Thủy, to his parents, Samatan, Gers. 12/11/1931.	Letter typed from a front page dedicated to the family, the cancellation of a reconnaissance of Quan-Ba, "a short trip to Lao-Tchay to accompany a Lieutenant who passed through the post to inspect weapons", Lieutenant who quotes the raven's joke with a musette around his neck. "In his tour, he met a Senior Guard, a DUFER, former army chief warrant officer, and currently commanding the post of Bac-Me ... If I tell you about it, it is 'he is from the Gers'. The letter ends with the large number of big cats and a river full of fish in the region of Bac-Me. The Lieutenant attached to his letter the business card of the Chinese Postmaster (surely that of Bao), card in Chinese characters, of course.	N
1931-12-16 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de poste à Thanh-Thuy, Tonkin, à sa famille à Samatan, Gers. Thanh-Thuy, 16/12/1931	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of post in Thanh Thủy, Tonkin, to his family in Samatan, Gers. Thanh Thủy, 12/16/1931	Typed letter of one page double-sided. The letter begins on the problems of mail, a postal plane having fallen, the Lieutenant thinks that the mailbag was saved. The Lieutenant then evokes the monotony of his life in a abandoned country, talking about his administrative secretary, a former NCO who traveled to France, who asked him for permission to go to buy a small child, a girl, for the price of 40 piastres, purchase which is done in front of ly-truong (the mayor). The Lieutenant adds that the sale of children is commonplace and that polygamy, if it is not the rule, exists. The Lieutenant, being invited to Hà Giang for Christmas, says that he would prefer to stay in Thanh Thủy: "Rather the execution post than to be assigned to Hà Giang, sad and ugly, where there are three or four households, who keep boring each other," and appreciates the infinite peace of the bush that can not be disturbed by the riflemen and the natives who are moving around the post." The letter ends with the dearness of commodities in Thanh Thủy, which are three times more expensive than in the delta, and in the cities, on the inauguration of the school of Thanh Thủy by the Lieutenant, where about twenty Montagnards learn the alphabet, school "admirably located on a hill, with wide views." Some rust markses on the front and back. Small pieces of the envelope remained stuck on the back.	Y
1931-12-16 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de poste à Thanh-Thuy, Tonkin, à sa famille à Samatan, Gers. Thanh-Thuy, 16/12/1931	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of post in Thanh Thủy, Tonkin, to his family in Samatan, Gers. Thanh Thủy, 12/16/1931	Typographical letter of 1 double-sided page. The letter opens with mail problems, a mail plane having crashed, the Lieutenant thinks the mailbag must have been saved. The Lieutenant then evokes the monotony of his life in a deprived country, speaks of his administrative secretary, a former non-commissioned officer who traveled to France, who asked him for permission in the afternoon to go and buy a small child, a girl, for the price of 40 piastres, purchase which is made in front of the ly-truong (the mayor). The Lieutenant adds that the sale of children is common and that polygamy, if it is not the rule, does exist. The Lieutenant, being invited to Hà Giang for Christmas, said he would prefer to stay in Thanh Thủy: "Rather the execution post than to be assigned to Hà Giang, sad and ugly, where 3 or 4 are moving. households, who do not stop kissing each other ", and appreciates the infinite calm of the bush that cannot disturb the activity of the sharpshooters and the natives who bustle around the Post." The letter ends with the high price of foodstuffs in Thanh Thủy which are 3 times more expensive than in the delta and than in the cities, on the inauguration of the Thanh Thủy school by the Lieutenant, where about twenty mountain people learn the alphabet, school "admirably situated on a hillock, with very wide views." Some rust markses on the front and back. Small pieces of the envelope have remained stuck on the back.	Y
1931-12-18 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de Poste à Thanh-Thuy, à son oncle et à sa tante Jeanne. 18/12/1931	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of Post in Thanh Thủy, to his uncle and his aunt Jeanne. 12/18/1931	Handwritten letter of one double-sided page -accompanied by 3 photos in 6x9 format - mainly devoted to family relations. The proposed photograph represents Lieutenant Troyes in the center, the other two representing a landscape. The photographs were taken during a trip the Lieutenant made to Lao-Tchay. Redness to the letter and marginal lack of paper. A trace of paper left by the envelope on the back.	Y
1932-01-01 00:00:00	Magasins Chaffanjon d'Hanoi.Troyes, lieutenant en Indochine à Hà Tinh, etc.	Chaffanjon stores in Hanoi.Troyes, lieutenant in Indochina at Hà Tinh, etc.	Well-used condition of this invoice including the payment receipt from the Post and Telegraph of Hà Giang, Tonkin.	N
1932-01-01 00:00:00	Magasins Chaffanjon d'Hanoi.Troyes, lieutenant en Indochine à Hà Tinh, etc.	Chaffanjon stores in Hanoi.Troyes, lieutenant in Indochina at Hà Tinh, etc.	Well-used condition of this invoice including the payment receipt from the Post and Telegraph of Hà Giang, Tonkin.	Y
1932-01-01 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Indochine. Le croquis militaire. Vers 1932.	Lieutenant Troyes, Indochina. The military sketch. Around 1932.	Document of sixteen single-sided pages in 21x31.5 format illustrated with sketches in India ink. Folds, traces of staples, small tears with and without lack of paper.	Y
1932-01-12 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, chef de Poste de Thanh-Thuy, à son oncle et à sa tante. 12 Janvier 1931.	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of Post of Thanh Thủy, to his uncle and his aunt. January 12, 1931.	Typed letter of one page and a half where the Lieutenant indicates that he uses as a paper knife a Chinese pirate's autenthic dagger taken by his sergeant, that he has decorated his cainha with embroidery panels, with a beam of bird feathers, a picture painted on glass, etc. He adds that 2 ceilings having collapsed, he made them remake with bamboo slats covered by lime veneered with twigs of hut mixed with this lime. The letter continues on the different uses of bamboo, on his garden, on the night guards and the Vietnamese use of sentinels striking from time to time on a bamboo hanging from their thighs.	Y
1932-01-12 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de poste à Thanh-Thuy, Tonkin, à sa famille à Samatan, Gers.Thanh-Thuy,12/01/1932	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of post in Thanh Thủy, Tonkin, to his family in Samatan, Gers.Thanh Thủy, 01/12/1932	Typed letter of one page double-sided with handwritten addition. The letter begins on the Troyes family's shipments to the Lieutenant, continues on the cold weather he encounters in Thanh Thủy, on the Trans-Siberian that the Lieutenant could use while passing through Russia - by asking permission - to return to France but he prefers the boat. The Lieutenant adds that it takes well over a month to make a horseback tour in the Tonkinoise Upper Region. The mail ends on various topics, magazines, automobile, etc. The handwritten addition is a salute transmitted to Philippe de Villefort, from Saramon, Gers. The Lieutenant added a typed 1/4 page note describing the context of a photo sent, that of the Lao-Tchay Indigenous Guard Station that he administratively ordered and that he had inspected the previous month with Inspector Barreault: "The fact is that during the 25 kilometers between Thanh Thủy and Lao-Tchay, we do not hear a bird, it is the silent bush with no life, except some villages." The picture described is no longer in the mail. The double-sided letter is affected by long cuts in the folds.	Y
1932-01-28 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de Poste à Thanh-Thuy, Tonkin, à sa famille à Samatan, Gers. Thanh-Thuy, 28/01/1932	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of Post in Thanh Thủy, Tonkin, to his family in Samatan, Gers. Thanh Thủy, 01/28/1932	Typed letter of 1 page and 1/2 where, except for various remarks, the Lieutenant says: "The other day, I went to meet, on the track, the main guard of Lao-Tchay and I met the poor guy about ten kilometers from Thanh Thủy clinging to his saddle and feverish slam.On arrival in Thanh Thủy the thermometer charged 40 and a half.I cured him with champagne.What calvary, under the sun, for those evacuated on the stretcher of the Chanpoung, Xin Man, Man Mei stations ... at 5 or 6 days walk from the doctor of Hà Giang ." The letter continues on the Tet holiday "the Annamites vie with each other to steal for money to celebrate this beautiful day" and suggest that the Annamites have no notion of good and evil or have than the notion of evil. The mail continues on the fact that there are now 2 European sergeants at Thanh Thủy, which relieves the Lieutenant of some of the administrative work and ends on the life of the post: "Do you know that in a post where the 'we have to do everything ourselves, there is enough to occupy all day long 30 men to clean, build, consolidate? When I have Chinese or other prisoners, I am very happy, because I have more workers. " Lack of paper at the bottom of the sheet without affecting the text.	Y
1932-01-28 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de Poste à Thanh-Thuy, Tonkin, à sa famille à Samatan, Gers. Thanh-Thuy, 28/01/1932	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of Post in Thanh Thủy, Tonkin, to his family in Samatan, Gers. Thanh Thủy, 01/28/1932	Typescript letter of one and a half pages in which, apart from various remarks, the Lieutenant recounts: "The other day, I was going to meet, on the track, the main guard of Lao-Tchay and I met the poor fellow about ten kilometers from Thanh Thủy, clinging to his saddle and snapping with fever. Arrived at Thanh Thủy, the thermometer showed 40 and a half. I cured him with champagne. What an ordeal, under the sun, for those evacuated on stretcher from Chanpoung, Xin Man, Man Mei stations ... 5 or 6 days' walk from Hà Giang's doctor ." The letter continues on the Tet festival "the Annamites compete to steal in order to have money to celebrate this beautiful day" and suggests that the Annamese have no notion of right and wrong or have than the notion of evil. The letter continues on the fact that there are now 2 European sergeants in Thanh Thủy, which relieves the Lieutenant of part of the administrative work and ends with the life of the Post: "Did you know that in a Post where the 'we have to do everything ourselves, there is enough to occupy 30 men all day long cleaning, building, consolidating? When I have Chinese or other prisoners, I am very happy, because I 'have extra workers. Lack of paper at the bottom of the sheet without affecting the text.	N
1932-02-09 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de poste à Thanh-Thuy, Tonkin, à sa famille à Samatan, Gers. Thanh-Thuy, 09/02/1932	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of post in Thanh Thủy, Tonkin, to his family in Samatan, Gers. Thanh Thủy, 02/09/1932	Typed letter of one page double-sided where Lieutenant Troyes evokes the Annamite Têt: .".. because the Annamese and the Chinese, on this occasion, to be able to celebrate this festival with dignity, assassinations, left, borrowing, more beautiful lying."The post rings from the sound of firecrackers thrown to flee the evil Genii." Then the Lieutenant evokes the climate, the inconveniences of the bush, the Chief Guard come to see him: .".. disguise ourselves as pirates, play phonograph records, and prepare us extraordinary dishes, we even played at cards, made by us with wild hen feathers ." The letter ends on the family relations, the mandates sent by mail and the Globoleol that the Lieutenant takes to reconstitute these red blood cells. Small marginal gaps and two traces of paper at the bottom of the back.	Y
1932-02-10 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de Poste à Thanh-Thuy, à son oncle et à sa tante Jeanne à Toulouse. 10/02/1932	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of Post in Thanh Thủy, to his uncle and to his aunt Jeanne in Toulouse. 02/10/1932	Two-sided handwritten letter written on 2 different papers. Apart from the usual family considerations, the Lieutenant evokes the bad news in the world, the consequences of the money crisis at the Post: "The credits that I am granted for food for the skirmishers, clothing, equipment, barracks are very thin and sometimes The Posts of the Upper Region are slowly falling into ruins ... The rifleman is the mason, the carpenter, but there are things he can not do. Piastre ... and this piastre we never give.What impression of misery ... We cut everything.The Lieutenant adds that we will abandon the post and that only the telegraph will remain with a telegraphist-rifleman. The miniature post office in Thanh Thủy, located inside the post and talking about the postman "who, day and night, for years, does not move from this small building, with an excruciating heat ... It can never be left alone, with official telegrams at every moment. "The letter continues on the native who does not know how to make sausages, blood sausages, pâtéd, pies and ends on the impression that the Lieutenant to be a European who lives" at the time of the ancient history, among the primitive races ."	Y
1932-02-16 00:00:00	Poste de Thanh-Thuy, Lieutenant Troyes à ses parents et à sa soeur Josette, à Samatan, Gers, 16 Février 1932	Post of Thanh Thủy, Lieutenant Troyes to his parents and his sister Josette, in Samatan, Gers, February 16, 1932	Four page manuscript letter written on letterhead "Superior Residence in Tonkin, Third Military Territory, Administrative Post of Thanh Thủy." The Lieutenant quotes an article entitled "Is the West at risk" and adds that the author is right, never anything will reunite East and West, "every day I realize how helpless I am to understand the soul of the Chinese people, because I want to judge them with my European spirit.What do these Chinese people do in the village of Thanh Thủy? They do not work, but live nevertheless and the opium lamp is always lit at home. Smuggling, theft, piracy occasionally gives them a bowl of rice and thuốc phiện (opium).They are only a few meters from the post office and escape the surveillance. However, are they happy, they suffer, I observe them, I do not know." As for the Annamese, the skirmishers of the Lieutenant, "no satifaction in command. Geneorsity is a fault.In my eyes as European, I find in them only flaws. Follows, the Lieutenant's usual praise for mountaineers, from China or Tonkin: "They are hardworking, courageous, in fact almost sympathetic." The lieutenant adds that he attaches to his mail photos of the types, in ceremonial costumes, of some races of the Third Military Territory, summoned to Hà Giang during the passage of the governor, describes other photos attached to the Post, "everywhere you see, the mountains are choking the Posts ." The letter goes on about the few families of Europeans who, in Hà Giang, want to kill, "stories of women who sleep standing up." the Lieutenant evokes Bac-Mé, "peacocks, pheasants, tiger, panther, and fish in quantity!", speaks of the principal guard of the post of Bac-Mé, coming from Vic-Fezensac (Gers) "that he lives to the native, spending only the bare minimum, not answering half of the papers - when asked for them, he says that he has received nothing, that he is left alone in his forest ." The lieutenant said "it's an ex-adjutant, an original, a pau piqué." The rest of the mail is spent on the purchase of a car that his family will make with the money sent to them by the Lieutenant, to the Latin motto of the latter, written on his door: "Ense et aratro", by the "sword and plow", motto of Marshal Bugeaud, slaughterer during the conquest of Algeria The Lieutenant used the Chinese ideogram meaning "3" to sign his letter. Interesting letter about the racial and racist obsession of Lieutenant Troyes as well as the model of colonialism to follow, that of Marshal Bugeaud. The photos described by the lieutenant were missing from the mail.	N
1932-02-20 00:00:00	Poste de Thanh-Thuy, Lieutenant Troyes à ses parents et à sa soeur Josette, à Samatan, Gers, 10 Février 1932.	Post of Thanh Thủy, Lieutenant Troyes to his parents and his sister Josette, in Samatan, Gers, February 10, 1932.	Handwritten letter of one page double-sided. The Lieutenant writes that he eats about 600 grams of bread a day, made by a skirmisher, and that he takes advantage of the oven to make good food. He adds that he is making progress in Vietnamese, "what a difficulty, this blasted language!" That the dialects of the mountains are easier to learn, "but it would take me 10 years to stay in Thanh Thủy to gibber them." The end of the mail is devoted to the Lieutenant's family relations.	Y
1932-03-14 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de Poste à Than-Thuy, à sa soeur et à ses parents. 10 Mars 1932.	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of Post in Than-Thuy, to his sister and his parents. March 10, 1932.	Incomplete letter of two pages, double-sided. The Lieutenant describes to his family his visit to his Chinese colleague, Chef de Poste Bac-Bao, what he ate, that the cai nhà of the head of Post is lined with newspapers and his door made with tins of oil flattened and riveted to each other. The lieutenant asked his colleague to bring him wildcat skins from northern Yunnan, but he assured him that it would be difficult because of the pirates. On a market day in Bac-Bao, the Lieutenant saw Chinese people with bound feet, opium smokers, mountaineers with their antique matchlocks. Then he evokes the closing of the post office of Thanh Thủy and the painful obligation to go to Hà Giang, 20 kilometers and 33 degrees in the shade to post his mail. He then talks about the women of Hà Giang's colonials "who gobble up their noses", each household slaughtering the neighbors, a hateful atmosphere that insults him. Minimal defects.	N
1932-03-23 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, chef de Poste à Thanh-Thuy. Facture des Grands Magasins Réunis, Hanoi.	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of Post in Thanh Thủy. Invoice from Department Stores Reunited, Hanoi.	Well-worn condition for this invoice.	Y
1932-03-23 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, chef de Poste à Thanh-Thuy. Facture des Grands Magasins Réunis, Hanoi.	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of Post in Thanh Thủy. Invoice from Department Stores Reunited, Hanoi.	Well-worn condition.	Y
1932-03-28 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de Poste à Thanh-Thuy, à son oncle et à sa tante Jeanne. 28/03/1932	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of Post in Thanh Thủy, to his uncle and his aunt Jeanne. 03/28/1932	Handwritten letter of one double-sided page. The Lieutenant talks about his melon seeds and Hanoi flowers that he sowed but without result, that he will have some vegetables in his garden only until the end of May and that after that he will eat canned vegetables, talks about the deprived region where he lives, evokes his request for tenure for which only nine places are available in the colonial infantry army for the year 1932, that "this figure of nine is not strong (although there are has few candidates, I believe, that is why some boostering, that is to say, arbitrariness could intervene)."	N
1932-04-05 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de Poste à Thanh-Thuy, Tonkin, à sa famille à Samatan, Gers. Thanh-Thuy, 05/041932	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of Post in Thanh Thủy, Tonkin, to his family in Samatan, Gers. Thanh Thủy, 05/041932	Typed letter of one page recto-verso format 13x21cms where the Lieutenant speaks of hunting and other things, but especially the financial crisis in France and the effects it follows in Indochina: "All the administrative papers of the General Government that I receive talks about savings, discounts, even the necessary is eliminated.My allowance of $16.61 piastres as the Head of a Border Post is reduced by 10%, the office expenses in the secondment are non-existent, those for administrative title are considerably reduced. I make envelopes with newspaper, they do not give me a penny to repair my roofs, they skimp to give me the credit of $70 that I ask to change my horse.I probably told you that the the army did not give me a horse, it's the Superior Residence, as head of the administrative post, to do my tours, which gives me one, so my classmates from Xin Man, Man Mei, etc., who are only leaders border posts do not have an official horse ." The letter ends with various remarks. Some rust marks to the letter.	Y
1932-04-12 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de poste à Thanh-Thuy, Tonkin, à sa famille à Samatan, Gers. Thanh-Thuy, 12/04/1932	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of post in Thanh Thủy, Tonkin, to his family in Samatan, Gers. Thanh Thủy, 04/12/1932	Typed letter in 13x21 format of 1 double-sided page with handwritten addition. The Lieutenant refers to the market of Thanh Thủy where he receives the native chiefs who come to report to him, where he buys paddy (rice with its husk) for his men, the market where one sells sugar cane, rice cakes, contraband matches and opium as soon as I have my back turned, incense sticks and multicolored papers for the ancestors' altars," speaks of live pheasants bought from THE Chinese, 10 francs each, a mail containing the report of a colonel "on the search for the latrine type" which he quotes some rather amusing passages, specifies that in Thanh Thủy they have touques oil "a coolie will throw each day IN the river ." The handwritten addition relates to certain jokes and insults of the Annamese in relation to the latrines and where the Lieutenant does not hesitate to speak of the odor of the urine of his porcupine.	Y
1932-04-12 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de poste à Thanh-Thuy, Tonkin, à sa famille à Samatan, Gers. Thanh-Thuy, 12/04/1932	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of post in Thanh Thủy, Tonkin, to his family in Samatan, Gers. Thanh Thủy, 04/12/1932	Type letter in 13x21 format of 1 double-sided page with handwritten addition. The Lieutenant evokes the Thanh Thủy market where he receives the native chiefs who come to report to him, where he buys paddy (rice with its husk) for his men, market where they sell "sugar cane, rice cakes, contraband matches and opium as soon as my back is turned, sticks of incense and multicolored papers for the ancestors' altars ", speaks of live pheasants bought from Chinese, 10 francs each , of a letter containing the report of a colonel "on the search for the typical latrine" of which he quotes some rather amusing passages, specifies that in Thanh Thủy they have petroleum pots "that a coolie will throw every day at the river ." The handwritten addition relates to certain jokes and insults of the Annamese in connection with the latrines and where the Lieutenant does not hesitate to speak of the smell of the pee of his porcupine.	N
1932-04-13 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de Poste à Thanh-Thuy, à son oncle et à sa tante Jeanne. 13 Avril 1932	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of Post in Thanh Thủy, to his uncle and his aunt Jeanne. April 13, 1932	1-sided, double-sided handwritten letter where the Lieutenant writes that he is waiting for the head of the Chinese Post and that he is receiving the native chiefs. The rest of the letter is devoted to the network of relationships of his uncle and aunt that will allow him to get his tenure - he then served as a reserve officer. The year is not indicated, but it is indeed 1932.	Y
1932-04-27 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de poste à Thanh-Thuy, Tonkin, à sa famille à Samatan, Gers. Thanh-Thuy, 27/04/1932	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of post in Thanh Thủy, Tonkin, to his family in Samatan, Gers. Thanh Thủy, 04/27/1932	Handwritten letter of 1 double-sided page in 15.5x21 format where the Lieutenant speaks about his request for tenure: "I am asked for two certificates of medical examination - (visit and counter-visit) - of physical fitness to serve in the Corps of career officers," gives the definition of what a coolie-tinette is, writes that his xa-doan (leader of the partisans of a commune) borrowed a hunting rifle from him and brought him a fox whose Lieutenant will tan the skin in Hanoi, talks about fishing in the Rivière Claire, a river that is not navigable, writes that "Hà Giang has a second doctor now, which allows one of them to go through the villages of mountains and posts In my constituency, as everywhere else, the natives did not want to see the doctor of whom they are afraid ... However, the same mountain people come to see me, "consult" me, even women, everything. simply because they see me often, know me ." The Lieutenant specifies that the young women say hello to him when they must not greet him, but flee at the sight of the European.	Y
1932-05-04 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de poste à Thanh-Thuy, Tonkin, à sa famille à Samatan, Gers. Thanh-Thuy, 20/08/1932	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of post in Thanh Thủy, Tonkin, to his family in Samatan, Gers. Thanh Thủy, 08/20/1932	Handwritten letter of 3 pages where the lieutenant speaks of the partial results of the French elections, the suppression of the post office of Thanh Thủy, the removal of coolies-trams that will require the lieutenant to send a skirmisher twice a week to Hà Giang take the mail, which makes even more uncomfortable bhis bush life. The Lieutenant makes fun of a "vegetable" of the General Government who did not know that there were mountains at this altitude (2000 meters), speaks of a huge block of rock that ran down the mountain and almost crushed his, his leader of partisans (xa-doan) to whom he lent his rifle and brought him an otter and 2 civets which he will tan the skins in Hanoi. He adds that his xa-doan hunts at night, very painful hunting that a European can not do because of the climate. Scattered rust marks.	Y
1932-05-28 00:00:00	Poste de Thanh-Thuy, Lieutenant Troyes à ses parents à Samatan, Gers, 28 Mai 1932.	Post of Thanh Thủy, Lieutenant Troyes to his parents in Samatan, Gers, May 28, 1932.	Typed letter of 1 page double-sided. The Lieutenant speaks of his request for a garrison in France, in order of preference: Montauban, Auch, Sète and Bordeaux, but he does not know if it will be accepted, he must first be tenured. Then he evokes Thanh Thủy, "still the calm of the fields ... but we live in the steam of a huge pot", plus a single vegetable, he has prepared planks to sprout paddy rice to make salad. In the evening, he eats Vietnamese and devotes a dozen lines to the description of the Vietnamese meal.	Y
1932-06-01 00:00:00	Douanes. Familles Dartige et Rivette. Lieutenant Troyes (servit à Hà Tinh,Thanh-Thuy, Hué, etc). Tourane, Annam.	Customs. Dartige and Rivette families. Lieutenant Troyes (served in Hà Tinh, Thanh Thủy, Hué, etc.). Tourane, Annam.	Good condition for this invitation to a wedding mass on June 1, 1932. Lieutenant Troyes was the friend of Jean Dartige, principal guard of the Native Guard.	Y
1932-06-15 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de Poste à Thanh-Thuy, à son oncle et à sa tante Jeanne. 15/06/1932	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of Post in Thanh Thủy, to his uncle and his aunt Jeanne. 06/15/1932	1-page handwritten letter on which the Lieutenant evokes the fury of the summer rains, the Yellowish and Big Clear River until the end of the summer, the flooded rice fields where we transplant the rice that will be harvested towards the end November and the Upper Region, sparsely populated and poor because it knows only one harvest of rice per year while there are several in the Delta. The Lieutenant speaks of the courage of the mountaineers felling the forests and cultivating plots of land through the rocks, on slopes of 80%. The letter continues on the departure of Hà Giang on June 15 from the Commander of the Territory who is replaced by a named Loubon, of the Colonial Infantry General Staff and ends on a blow of cockroach of the European Sergeant of Thanh Thủy, party on horseback at night in Hà Giang and returned the next morning. The Lieutenant will make a request for a second European sergeant "because to two, loneliness will appear less heavy." Marginal lack of paper without affecting the text.	Y
1932-06-15 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Indochine. Le croquis militaire. Vers 1932.	Lieutenant Troyes, Indochina. The military sketch. Around 1932.	Sixteen page recto document in 21x31.5 format illustrated with ink sketch. Folds, traces of staples, small tears with and without lack of paper.	N
1932-06-15 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de Poste à Thanh-Thuy, à son oncle et à sa tante Jeanne. 15/06/1932	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of Post in Thanh Thủy, to his uncle and his aunt Jeanne. 06/15/1932	Handwritten letter of one double-sided page where the Lieutenant evokes the fury of the summer rains, the Rivière Claire, yellowish and thick until the end of the summer, the flooded rice fields where the rice which will be harvested towards the end of November is transplanted and the Upper Region, sparsely populated and poor because it only experiences one rice harvest per year while there are several in the Delta. The Lieutenant speaks of the courage of the mountaineers cutting down forests and cultivating plots of land through rocks, on slopes of 80%. The letter continues on the departure of Hà Giang on June 15 of the Commander of the Territory who is replaced by a named Loubon, of the particular staff of the Colonial Infantry and ends with a mention of the depression of the European Sergeant of Thanh Thủy, who left on horseback in the middle of the night for Hà Giang and returned the next morning. The Lieutenant will make a request for a second European sergeant "because two, the loneliness will seem less heavy." Marginal shortages of paper without affecting the text.	N
1932-06-17 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de poste à Thanh-Thuy, Tonkin, à sa famille à Samatan, Gers. Thanh-Thuy, 17/06/1932	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of post in Thanh Thủy, Tonkin, to his family in Samatan, Gers. Thanh Thủy, 06/17/1932	Handwritten letter of one page recto-verso in the format 15.5x21.5 cm. The beginning of the letter is devoted to the strategy to be used for a recommendation (this is probably the request for tenure of Lieutenant Troyes, who served as a reserve officer), talks about the Dartige couple he received at the Post and who will go on horseback to Lao-Tchay, evokes two iguana skins that he sends to his parents and which, once tanned, can be used to make shoes, belts, wallet or lady's bag, speaks of his flowers he succeeds to grow: "To the right and to the left of my steps, I have balsamines, and 2 other kinds of flowers whose name I do not know, two feet of corn, some feet of tomato, and two boards of Annamite salad and some herbs which are also used to make Annamese salads ", describes these white walls which imprison him and leave him with no air and that a general, not finding them high enough for defense, wants them raised.	Y
1932-06-22 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de Poste à Thanh-Thuy, à son oncle et à sa tante Jeanne. 22/06/1932	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of Post in Thanh Thủy, to his uncle and his aunt Jeanne. 06/22/1932	One page, double-sided handwritten letter where the Lieutenant speaks of a medical captain who came to investigate malaria to classify healthy and unhealthy posts again: "He examined 50 mountain children aged three to twelve in the immediate vicinity post. Except for some Man highlanders, all are malarious ... The Lieutenant adds that Thanh Thủy is deemed unhealthy and that he, thanks to a regulated life and daily intake of quinine ... "I will leave this dirty outback in better condition. "The letter continues on health issues, fever is so common among skirmishers that the Lieutenant will not even see the feverish, he evacuates them to Hà Giang if the fever persists for three or four days. The letter ends on the Lieutenant's tenure of which he does not know whether or not he will get it.	N
1932-07-09 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, chef de Poste de Thanh-Thuy, à son oncle. Thanh-Thuy, le 9 Juillet 1932.	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of Post of Thanh Thủy, to his uncle. Thanh Thủy, July 9, 1932.	One page handwritten letter mainly devoted to fishing: "There are studs in the Claire River, roach, tench and a bunch of weird fish whose name I do not know in French. Then the Lieutenant describes the fishing techniques used by the mountaineers, by line, by hawk, "I saw one the other day that tied his hook to the wire with untreated sticky fiber , produced by a few insects. He did not know how to make any knots. The Chinese use an excellent bait for the white fish, young corn paste. "The rest of the letter is devoted to the recommendation to General Verdier regarding the tenure of Lieutenant Troyes, the stay of 15 days that he will go to Quan Ba and family relations. A lack of paper without affecting the text.	Y
1932-07-19 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de Poste à Thanh-Thuy, Tonkin, à sa famille à Samatan, Gers. Thanh-Thuy, 19/07/1932	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of Post in Thanh Thủy, Tonkin, to his family in Samatan, Gers. Thanh Thủy, 07/19/1932	A one-page, double-sided handwritten letter where the Lieutenant reports that leaving on leave for Quan Ba and being in Hà Giang, he returned to the Post because General Billote was going to come to Thanh Thủy, he was removed the only non-commissioned officer European post only to replace him with an incompetent, that he met at Hà Giang Captain Marbot, former head of the post of Thanh Thủy, who was to take command of the delegation of Dong Van. Lieutenant Troyes thus describes Hà Giang: "This poor colonial city stifled by high mountains, that it is ugly, my God, and sad." The letter ends with various remarks.	Y
1932-08-13 00:00:00	Poste de Thanh-Thuy, Lieutenant Troyes à ses parents et à sa soeur Josette, à Samatan, Gers, 20 Août 1932.	Post of Thanh Thủy, Lieutenant Troyes to his parents and his sister Josette, in Samatan, Gers, August 20, 1932.	Handwritten letter of two pages. Except for the usual family comments, the Lieutenant recounts that he went to Lao Tchay to accompany the wife of the Hà Giang commander who will spend eight days there, "Five hours of riding to do these 25 kilometers" because the commander's wife did not know how to ride. He adds to them two photos "showing the violence of the last flood", one where we see the post through the trees, the water coming almost to the walls of the post, the other, the road of Thanh- Thuy-Hà Giang completely flooded.   The photos are missing from the mail.	N
1932-08-20 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de poste à Thanh-Thuy, Tonkin, à sa famille à Samatan, Gers. Thanh-Thuy, 24/08/1932	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of post in Thanh Thủy, Tonkin, to his family in Samatan, Gers. Thanh Thủy, 08/24/1932	One-sided handwritten letter where the Lieutenant writes that the general was to come but he did not come. He adds ... "and I had a lot of work, especially the introduction on the border region bordering my Post," says the ​​lieutenant at Quan Ba is not friendly, quotes a big job in progress he must realize, the reworking of the defense plan: "I work hours and hours in my office without looking up ...", speaks of people he hates because they come to disturb him in his work, 15000 bricks that he cooks to try to make tiles and that, if he does not succeed, "it will always rain inside the buildings." He talks about the muddy and very violent Rivière Claire River, which prevents him from fishing and hunting where he has not been for several months, describes the straw hut which is almost 2 meters high and whose leaves are like Gillette blades, evokes the humidity, the too frequent rain and filthy mud where he walks barefoot with sandals with crepe soles because the pair of the most robust shoe would not hold 8 days. The letter ends on his dogs, his rabbits, his goats and his pheasants, the ants "who walk in billions" and that they kill with Fly Tox.	Y
1932-08-20 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de poste à Thanh-Thuy, Tonkin, à sa famille à Samatan, Gers. Thanh-Thuy, 20/08/1932	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of post in Thanh Thủy, Tonkin, to his family in Samatan, Gers. Thanh Thủy, 08/20/1932	Handwritten letter of three pages in which the lieutenant talks about the partial results of the French elections, the abolition of the Thanh Thủy post office, the abolition of the coolies-trams which will oblige the lieutenant to send a tirailleur twice a week to Hà Giang take the mail, which makes life in the bush even more uncomfortable. The Lieutenant laughs at a "vegetable" of the General Government which did not know that there were mountains at this altitude (2000 meters), speaks of an enormous block of rock which descended from the mountain and almost crushed it, of his leader of supporters (xa-doan) to whom he lent his rifle and brought him an otter and 2 civets whose skins he will tan in Hanoi. He adds that his xa-doan hunts at night, a very painful hunt that a European cannot do because of the climate. Scattered rust marks.	N
1932-08-24 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de poste à Thanh-Thuy, Tonkin, à sa famille à Samatan, Gers. Thanh-Thuy, 24/08/1932	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of post in Thanh Thủy, Tonkin, to his family in Samatan, Gers. Thanh Thủy, 08/24/1932	Handwritten letter of one double-sided page where the Lieutenant writes that the general was to come and that he did not come. He adds ... "and I had a lot of work, especially the little booklet on the border region near my Post", speaks of the Lieutenant of Quan Ba ​​who is not friendly, quotes a big work in progress that he must realize, the reorganization of the defense plan: "I work hours and hours at my office without raising the nose ...", speaks of the people he hates because they come to disturb him in his work, of 15000 bricks that he has fired to try to make tiles out of them and that, if he does not succeed, "it will always rain inside the buildings." He speaks of the Rivière Claire, muddy and with a very violent current, which prevents him from fishing and hunting where he has not been for several months, describes the hut which reaches almost 2 meters in height and whose leaves are so many Gillette blades, evokes humidity, too frequent rain and filthy mud where he walks barefoot with sandals with crepe soles because the most robust pair of shoes would not last 8 days. The letter ends with his dogs, rabbits, goats and pheasants, the ants "who roam in the billions" and which they kill with Fly Tox.	Y
1932-09-28 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de poste à Thanh-Thuy, Tonkin, à sa famille à Samatan, Gers. Thanh-Thuy, 28/09/1932	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of post in Thanh Thủy, Tonkin, to his family in Samatan, Gers. Thanh Thủy, 09/28/1932	One-page handwritten letter mainly devoted to the sums to be reimbursed to the State for his retirement by the Lieutenant and his indemnity - as an active officer - placing equipment of 1300 francs to get dressed. The last third of the letter is dedicated to Hà Giang: "I went to Hà Giang the other day- It's a real hell, the officer households are at loggerheads, I've heard horrors. by everyone who wanted to hold me to dinner and everyone told me bad things about the other in odious terms ", etc. Lack of paper important without affecting the text.	Y
1932-09-28 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de poste à Thanh-Thuy, Tonkin, à sa famille à Samatan, Gers. Thanh-Thuy, 28/09/1932	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of post in Thanh Thủy, Tonkin, to his family in Samatan, Gers. Thanh Thủy, 09/28/1932	Handwritten letter of one double-sided page essentially devoted to the sums to be reimbursed to the State for his retirement by the Lieutenant and his allowance - as an active officer - for equipment of 1300 francs for dressing. The last third of the letter is devoted to Hà Giang: “I went to Hà Giang the other day- It's hell. Officer households are at loggerheads. I heard horrors. I was shot. by everyone who wanted to keep me from dinner and each spoke ill of the other in obnoxious terms, "etc. Significant lack of paper without affecting the text.	N
1932-10-26 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de poste à Thanh-Thuy, Tonkin, à sa famille à Samatan, Gers. Thanh-Thuy, 27/10/1932	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of post in Thanh Thủy, Tonkin, to his family in Samatan, Gers. Thanh Thủy, 10/27/1932	One page handwritten letter evoking the Lieutenant's embarkation, his assignments in France and his replacement in Thanh Thủy, Colonel's tour in the post. The rest of the mail is essentially devoted to hunting, including the night hunt, of a wildcat killed by the Lieutenant, of a wild boar having killed a "nha qué", a tiger having killed a man " who fought bravely with his dagger ." Lack of paper without affecting the text.	N
1932-11-05 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de poste à Thanh-Thuy, Tonkin, à sa famille à Samatan, Gers. Thanh-Thuy, 05/11/1932	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of post in Thanh Thủy, Tonkin, to his family in Samatan, Gers. Thanh Thủy, 05/11/1932	One page handwritten letter on which the Lieutenant says he does not know the date of his embarkation and does not know anything about his successor as head of post at Thanh Thủy, informs them that he is assigned to the 21st Colonial Infantry ( white regiment) in Paris, that he returns today to fetch the Colonel back tour to the col de? Chu Ping and that left the post of Thanh Thủy at noon, he was at the pass at 4 o'clock, thanks to his little horse, describes the duration of the journey of the Colonel: .".. left Hoang Su Phi at 6 o'clock in the morning he arrived at half-past five in the evening at Lao-Tchay - to make 32 kilometers, what a slowness of turtle The Lieutenant adds that the Colonel "was always afraid that the horse would go to the ravine, would descend as soon as there was had some stones on the way, it took 3 men to hoist him on horseback - what a torture to be part of his escort. "Then, leaving Lao-Tchay at 6 o'clock in the morning and arrival at Thanh Thủy at half past twelve, 4 ½ hours to 25 kilometers, "under the sun, small steps too, it was a real ordeal." Exhausted, Lieutenant Troyes went to bed without eating.The letter continues on the fatigue of the steps in the mountains, the monotony of the landscape: "We do not hear anything, see nothing, for hours and hours and the sun is flashing." In too tired, the Third refuses a proposal made by telegram by the Inspector of the Indigenous Guard to accompany him to Lao-Chay in a sedan chair. The letter ends on the arrival of his successor, Lieutenant Troyes waits for the date of his embarkation and has a permission of 8 days to take in Hanoi. Affected letter of a cut to a fold, of freckles and small holes with infringement to the text but which does not interfere with the reading.	N
1932-11-05 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Chef de poste à Thanh-Thuy, Tonkin, à sa famille à Samatan, Gers. Thanh-Thuy, 05/11/1932	Lieutenant Troyes, Head of post in Thanh Thủy, Tonkin, to his family in Samatan, Gers. Thanh Thủy, 05/11/1932	Handwritten letter of 1 double-sided page in which the Lieutenant said he did not know the date of his embarkation and did not know anything about his successor as head of post at Thanh Thủy, told them that he was assigned to the 21st Colonial Infantry (a white regiment) in Paris, that he has returned today to pick up the Colonel returning from his tour at the Tchou Ping Pass and that left the Thanh Thủy post at noon, he was at the pass at 4 o'clock, thanks to his little horse, describes the duration of the Colonel's journey: .".. left Hoang Su Phi at 6 o'clock in the morning , he arrived at 5:30 in the evening at Lao-Tchay - to do 32 kilometers !! like a turtle's slowness. The Lieutenant added that the Colonel "was always afraid that the horse would go to the ravine, descend as soon as there was had a few stones on the way, it took three men to hoist him on horseback- What torture to be part of his escort. ”Then, departure from Lao-Tchay at 6 am and arrival in Thanh Thủy at half past noon, 4 and a half hours to cover 25 kilometers, “under the sun, with small steps too, it was a real ordeal.” Exhausted, Lieutenant Troyes went to bed without eating. The letter continues on the fatigue of the stages in the mountains, the monotony of the landscape: "We hear nothing, see nothing, for hours and hours and the sun is beating." The next day, too tired, the Iieutenant refuses a proposal made by telegram by the Inspector of the Native Guard to accompany him to Lao-Tchay in a sedan chair. The letter ends on the arrival of his successor, Lieutenant Troyes awaits the date of his embarkation and has 8 days' leave to take in Hanoi. Letter affected by a cut to a fold, foxing and small holes with damage to the text but which do not interfere with reading.	N
1932-11-27 00:00:00	Tourane, à bord du Explorateur Grandidier, Lieutenant Troyes à ses parents à Samatan, Gers, 27 Novembre 1932.	Tourane, aboard the Explorer Grandidier, Lieutenant Troyes to his parents in Samatan, Gers, November 27, 1932.	Handwritten letter on the letterhead of the Messageries Maritimes on a double-sided page. The Lieutenant, en route to Marseilles, indicates that he embarked at Haiphong on the 26th at 0h30 and that they are only 5 passengers aboard in first class, five single officers and two civilians who go down to Saigon, the huge boat is deserted. The letter will be shipped from the Tourane Post, the boat remains in the harbor about one kilometer offshore, one reaches the land by means of a motor boat. The Lieutenant enumerates the stops, three days in Saigon, then stops in Singapore, Madras, Pondicherry, Djibouti, likely arrival in Marseille for January 2nd. The Lieutenant adds that he will not be assigned to the 21st in Paris but the 16th Senegalese.	N
1933-01-01 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes (Hà Tinh, Thanh-Thuy, Hué, etc.) Etablissement du travail d'avancement. Addendum.	Lieutenant Troyes (Hà Tinh, Thanh Thủy, Hué, etc.) Establishment of the work of advancement. Addendum.	Well-used condition for this document which does not include the name of Lieutenant Troyes but which comes from his archives.	Y
1933-06-15 00:00:00	Troupes de l'Indochine. Brigade d'Annam. 1933-34. Instruction de l'Infanterie. Lieutenant Troyes.	Indochina troops. Annam Brigade. 1933-34. Infantry training. Lieutenant Troyes.	Good condition for this 52-page document that belonged to Lieutenant Troyes who added sixteen sketches in black and color. Exact date unknown.	N
1933-06-15 00:00:00	carte de la région faites à la main près de Ha Giang	hand-made area map near Ha Giang	precise date unknown	Y
1934-01-01 00:00:00	Général Bidon. Lieutenant Troyes (Hà Tinh, Thanh-Thuy, Hué, etc.) Concours Médaille Militaire Active.	General Bidon. Lieutenant Troyes (Hà Tinh, Thanh Thủy, Hué, etc.) Active Military Medal Competition.	Well-used condition for this document of four front pages which does not include the name of Lieutenant Troyes but which comes from his archives.	Y
1935-01-01 00:00:00	A. d'Antin de Vaillac, Brest, lettre au Lieutenant Yves Troyes, Hué, Annam	A. d'Antin de Vaillac, Brest, letter to Lieutenant Yves Troyes, Hué, Annam	Handwritten letter of one page. A. d'Antin de Vaillac sends his condolences for the death of his father, Ludovic Troyes, felibre, lived all his life in Samatan and died there in 1935. Louis d'Antin de Vaillac delivered his eulogy there.Yves Troyes has annotated the letter in pencil and wonders about the "A", wondering if it corresponds to "Arnauld."At retirement, Lieutenant-Colonel Troyes annotated and commented on his personal papers.	Y
1935-01-01 00:00:00	Général Verdier. Lieutenant Troyes (Hà Tinh, Thanh-Thuy, Hué, etc.) Etablissement du travail d'avancement.	General Verdier. Lieutenant Troyes (Hà Tinh, Thanh Thủy, Hué, etc.) Establishment of the work of advancement.	Well-used condition for this document of 5 front pages which does not include the name of Lieutenant Troyes but which comes from his archives.	Y
1935-01-01 00:00:00	Général Billotte. Lieutenant Troyes (Hà Tinh, Thanh-Thuy, Hué, etc.) Etablissement du travail d'avancement	General Billotte. Lieutenant Troyes (Hà Tinh, Thanh Thủy, Hué, etc.) Establishment of advancement work	Well-used condition for this document of six pages recto which does not include the name of Lieutenant Troyes but which comes from his archives.	Y
1935-01-01 00:00:00	Solde du Lieutenant Troyes, qui servit comme lieutenant à Hà Tinh, Thanh-Thuy, etc.	Balance of Lieutenant Troyes, who served as lieutenant in Hà Tinh, Thanh Thủy, etc.	The amount is in piastres. Well-worn condition.	N
1935-01-01 00:00:00	Maison Caffort, Saigon. Armes-Munitions-Accesoires de Chasse. 1935. Lieutenant Troyes.	Caffort House, Saigon. Hunting Weapons-Ammunition-Accessories. 1935. Lieutenant Troyes.	Saigon, 1935, in-8 paperback, cord on the back, unfoliotated (16 pages). Illustrated with photographs and drawings in black. The catalog presents various types of rifles, rifles, ammunition, automatic pistols, cartridges, hunting lanterns, knives and insulating bottles. Small cuts at the lower back. A few spots on the back cover. Good interior condition. The catalog belonged to Lieutenant Troyes, who served in Hà Tĩnh, was postmaster in Thanh Thủy and intelligence officer in Huế.	Y
1935-01-01 00:00:00	Entier postal Annam de Hué à Samatan, Gers. Cachet Hué, Saigon. 1935.	Annam postal stationary from Huế to Samatan, Gers. Stamp Huế, Saigon. 1935.	Well-worn condition.	Y
1935-01-09 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes à sa mère	Lieutenant Troyes to his mother		N
1935-04-19 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Brigade d'Annam, Etat-Major, Hué, à ses parents, Samatan, Gers. 1935	Lieutenant Troyes, Annam Brigade, General Staff, Huế, to his parents, Samatan, Gers. 1935	Letter -format 12x16- 3 pages on the letterhead of the General Staff. The lieutenant writes: "I am assigned as an intelligence officer to the Annam Brigade commanded by the general?" "I am in full in the" secret "and" confidential "papers contained in closets closing with complicated keys that I constantly keep on me."	N
1935-05-20 00:00:00	Réçu	Received	Receipt for the purchase of a Chevrolet for 800 piastres.	Y
1935-06-06 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, à sa famille à Samatan, Gers. 06/06/1935	Lieutenant Troyes, to his family in Samatan, Gers. 06/06/1935	One sided handwritten letter, probably written by Huế. The Lieutenant speaks of his wife, Lucie, who came out of the hospital, very thin: "I am considering sending her to Bana, altitude station near Tourane.It is a big expense, life up there In the mountains, it is horribly expensive, because of the cost of transporting supplies.The motor road does not reach Bana.It is necessary to make four hours of road by chair with loaders before arriving." Their daughter (Michele) will accompany him but the Lieutenant will not be able to go there: "It is announced this summer a big project with the brigade, about the promotion and the captain of staff announced to me that during one month and a half, he will very often work at night, in addition to very long days. The letter ends with various remarks, their daughter, Michele, the Annamese Feast of the Duck where everyone has rest, etc. A tear with small gaps of paper and a slight attack on the text.	Y
1935-06-06 00:00:00	Lettre a sa maman et Josette	Letter to his mother and Josette	Delcampe description?	Y
1935-06-06 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Hué, à sa famille à Samatan, Gers.	Lieutenant Troyes, Hué, to his family in Samatan, Gers.	Handwritten letter of one recto page devoted to the money orders sent by the lieutenant to his family and what remains to him of money: "I sent you at the beginning of June a money order of 2000 francs. I could not help myself. Josette's current account number. The current account system does not exist in Indochina and for relations here in France ... Exactly, it is 11000 francs that I took. With the purchase of the car (8000), the sea trip, the complete installation, I don't have a farthing left ." The lieutenant specifies that contrary to what his father says, he does not live in a splendid villa, "but a three-room military accommodation which is not splendid, but sufficient." At the end of the letter, the lieutenant specifies that air mail must be posted on Thursday in Huế.	Y
1935-06-20 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Hué, à son oncle et à sa tante. 20/06/1935	Lieutenant Troyes, Huế, to his uncle and aunt. 06/20/1935	Letter of one page where the Lieutenant refers to his work at the General Staff of Huế with General Frech.	Y
1935-06-20 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Hué, à sa famille à Samatan, Gers. 20/06/1935	Lieutenant Troyes, Hué, to his family in Samatan, Gers. 06/20/1935	Handwritten letter of one page recto-verso where the Lieutenant writes that the decreases in balances will be in the amount of 4 to 500 francs per month and specifies: "To know that it is above all waste, to be sold to the Boches and to the Soviets by the Popular Front, which imposes such sacrifices on us, to us who serve and who think that we are winning what the State gives us, cannot fail to make us grumble." The rest of the mail is devoted to various things, hunting, politics, drought in Indochina, etc.	Y
1935-06-20 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Hué, à son oncle et à sa tante. 20/06/1935	Lieutenant Troyes, Huế, to his uncle and aunt. 06/20/1935	Letter of one page in which the Lieutenant evokes his work at the Huế General Staff with General Frech.	Y
1935-06-24 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, à sa famille à Samatan, Gers. Hué, 24/06/1935	Lieutenant Troyes, to his family in Samatan, Gers. Huế, 6/24/1935	Handwritten letter of one page double-sided. The front is essentially devoted to hunting and fishing. The Lieutenant then describes to his father the work he is doing at Huế's headquarters: "I use quill pens to make papers, in the name of the General, which is then presented to him for approval and signature. It is the captain, the ordering officer, who leads the signature session every evening around 6 o'clock.The signature sometimes lasts two hours, which indicates the number of papers.I also dispatches confidential and secret mail. lockable cabinets where the secret archives are, I must carry the key to myself and leave nothing behind. " The Lieutenant specifies that he lodges close to the General Staff, in the center of Huế, and that the General has his office in his personal quarters connected by telephone to the staff offices. The lieutenant continues on the pay decreases which amount to about 1000 francs, and adds: "We are ripped off, stolen from in all stores, French and Annamese." The letter ends with various remarks and the Lieutenant's fear of the progress of communist and socialist ideas in Indochina and the evils they may cause.	Y
1935-06-24 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Hué, à sa mère et à sa soeur, Samatan, Gers. 24 Juin 1935.	Lieutenant Troyes, Huế, to his mother and to his sister, Samatan, Gers. June 24, 1935.	Letter of one double-sided page. The beginning of the letter, obscure, alludes to an unspecified situation in which the Lieutenant finds himself who adds "General Frech and his wife who know, I have every reason to believe, in their big hearts , invited us both to their table, in the 1st place during their official reception. Madame Frech frequently comes to see Lucie - the Lieutenant's wife -, tells her to come and see her when she wants, without protocol, volunteered to watch Michèle - the Lieutenant's daughter - when Lucie was in the hospital ... It balances my heart, and although I try to stay in the shade as much as possible ... I have to show myself, because of my situation at the General Staff ." The rest of the letter is devoted to his wife and daughter.	Y
1935-07-16 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, à sa famille à Samatan (et Général Frech).	Lieutenant Troyes, to his family in Samatan (and General Frech).	Handwritten letter of one double-sided page essentially devoted to the journey of Lieutenant Troyes' wife and 2 children to the Bana altitude station. Troyes accompanies his family at the request of the General (General Frech), "the trip being quite complicated. Left with the Chevrolet at 3 am, arrived at the foot of the mountain at 6 am - three passes crossed at night." There follows a long passage on the qualities of the Chevrolet, then: "So, arrived at the foot of the mountain, we took sedan chairs - Duration of the climb, three hours, 12 kilometers-27 coolies-eight per chair (three chairs) and three coolies for the luggage. I stayed two days ... I met the General who had accompanied his wife there. We went for walks in the mountains ." Lieutenant Troyes indicates that he made a big sacrifice for his family, "2000 francs per month of pension", so no savings for two months. After two days spent in Bana, Lieutenant Troyes returned to Huế with General Frech. The rest of the mail is devoted to the Lieutenant's family.	Y
1935-07-25 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, à sa famille à Samatan, Gers. Hué, 07/25/1935	Lieutenant Troyes, to his family in Samatan, Gers. Huế, 07/25/1935	Complaints about the 20% reduction in pay, leaving no advantage for serving in the colonial army in exchange for the heat, the malaria, etc.	Y
1935-08-01 00:00:00	Troupes de l'Indochine. Bordereau de paiement du Lieutenant Troyes. Août 1935.	Indochina troops. Payment slip from Lieutenant Troyes. August 1935.	Well-worn condition.	Y
1935-08-15 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Hué, à sa famille à Samatan, Gers. Hué, le 15 Août 1935	Lieutenant Troyes, Hué, to his family in Samatan, Gers. Huế, August 15, 1935	Handwritten letter of 1 double-sided page. The lieutenant speaks of his return from mass, the church decorated for the feast of the Assumption, writes that he has recovered from his dengue fever - which the doctors do not know how to cure - eight days of fever that shook him , talks about the rains that do not come, etc. He evokes the crisis, "our life as a colonial becomes only a risk, life becomes as narrow there as in France and all the benefits of pay are destined to disappear completely. And it is hard to imagine them. loads of a colonial - settlements in a hut where there is nothing, long expensive journeys, risk of change of garrison during a stay and on departure, sale in very poor conditions of furniture, cars, various installations ." The letter ended on the failing health of his father - who died 3 weeks later - and on the family. Long after, probably after having retired from military magistrate, Martin Troyes wrote, in pencil, at the top of the front: "In fact, bon-papa Ludovic Troyes died - in the house of Samatan- three weeks later ... "	N
1935-08-22 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Hué, à sa mère et à sa soeur, Samatan, Gers. 22 Août 1935.	Lieutenant Troyes, Huế, to his mother and to his sister, Samatan, Gers. August 22, 1935.	Letter of 1 double-sided page relating to the health of his father, which then evokes the return of Bana - the health resort - of the Lieutenant's wife and daughter "Everyone who has been up there tells me that the cure was marvelous. Lucie gained five kilos, it must be said that the anemia had it down to 46 Kgs ." The Lieutenant adds "I am proposed as captain. Nothing exceptional there, but on the contrary all that is more normal - at half of the directory, one is automatically proposed, but it is necessary, in principle, be offered two years in a row, before being hung on the board. Moreover, currently, with the decree-laws, there is a one-year delay in the advancement of the balances, which means that I do not get captain's pay a year after being appointed! What a grim story."	N
1935-08-22 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Hué, à sa famille à Samatan, Gers.	Lieutenant Troyes, Hué, to his family in Samatan, Gers.	Handwritten letter of 1 double-sided page. The lieutenant stayed eight days in bed because of the dengue fever, the General had a relapse, went to Bana to recover, the General had it, too, "All the staff, without exception, went there." The lieutenant mentions the pay decreases, "We're talking about 17 percent" and there will be a cutback reminder as of July 1. The mail continues on the absence of rain, the atrocious heat, on General Commandant Supérieur Verdier - whom the lieutenant's aunt knows through the intermediary of the Dardenne - who passed the day before in inspection in Huế, "He called after me. Called by my name. He looks kind. " The lieutenant is seriously considering no longer keeping his driver to partially compensate for the reduction in pay, "I give him 75 piastres per month." The letter ends with the common knowledge of the family.	Y
1935-10-03 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, à sa famille à Samatan (et Général Frech).	Lieutenant Troyes, to his family in Samatan (and General Frech).	The beginning of the Lieutenant's letter is dedicated to the death of his father. Troyes slipped a business card from General and Madame Frech in the mail, offering him their condolences. The rest of the letter is devoted to the Lieutenant's financial difficulties, his family's stay in Bana, 2,090 francs to be paid and 1,390 francs paid the previous month, the fact that Troyes only receives 3,930 francs instead of 4,468, following the reductions. significant public spending (including balances) of the Laval government. The Lieutenant was forced to postpone the payment of 2 small bills until the following month, complaining about the cost of treatment in Bana, more expensive than a luxury hotel in France. In addition, he was forced to get rid of his driver. If necessary, he will sell his Chevrolet. The rest of the letter mentions the Lieutenant's wife, the reproaches she makes to him about her expenses and her attitude towards her.	Y
1935-10-24 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, à sa famille à Samatan	Lieutenant Troyes, to his family in Samatan	Handwritten letter of one double-sided page essentially devoted to the Lieutenant's family which also indicates "Nothing is spoken of any more about me for my place at the General Staff. The Lieutenant who was intriguing below to take my place does not. Didn't he succeed? Wasn't General Verdier of that opinion, he who placed me there? I don't know. In any case, it was not a disaster. I've got a lot of work here. Further on, Troyes describes a hunt, "Sunday, in an aerodynamic car, convertible 11 hp. Citroën belonging to a hunter lieutenant. We brought back one hare, one woodcock, on wild chicken and six turtledoves and various birds. I ran out superb green monkeys and a civet ... The letter ends with invitations declined for reasons of mourning and a big party given on the occasion of the Emperor's birthday, and the high cost of living in Indochina.	N
1935-10-26 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Hué, à sa famille. Courrier à en-tête des "Troupes de l'Indochine, Brigade d'Annam Etat-Major"	Lieutenant Troyes, Huế, to his family. Letterhead from "Indochina troops, Annam General Staff Brigade"	Letter of 3.5 pages (12x16) dated October 26, 1935. Apart from news related to his family, the lieutenant quotes a newspaper article announcing the retirement of Mr. Lalaurette, administrator of civil services in Indochina, "a little in spite of himself, because he hoped to be named Senior Resident in Cambodia. It was said in this newspaper that he had played a dirty trick to appoint another less able in his place ." Troyes adds that he is going back to studying Annamite "in order to take the exam next April. It is very hard to go to evening classes, after terrible days at the office." The Lieutenant talks about the driver of the Chevrolet he fired and that, since that dismissal, his Chevrolet consumes less gasoline and oil, of his bitter war against the cook "so that he doesn't blow up too much. 'handle of the basket ", that is to say to increase to his profit the price of the purchases made for his employer, in short, Troyes decreases his personal expenses, following the decree-laws of July 1935 which reduce the public expenses by ten percent and cut his pay.	Y
1935-11-09 00:00:00	Troupes de l'Indochine. Brigade D'annam. Général de Brigrade Frech. Hanoi, 1935.	Indochina troops. Annam Brigade. General of Brigrade Frech. Hanoi, 1935.	Notice of transfer of Lieutenant Belliard and Troyes. Well-worn condition.	Y
1935-11-14 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Hué, à sa mère et à sa soeur à Samatan, Gers.	Lieutenant Troyes, Hué, to his mother and sister in Samatan, Gers.	Handwritten letter of one double-sided page. The Lieutenant writes that his fears about his place at the General Staff are justified, he has just been assigned to the 10th RMIC in Huế, to the machine-gun company and that it is General Verdier who signed his transfer to the suggestioj of General Frech. The Lieutenant adds: "I am deeply disgusted. I worked at the General Staff wholeheartedly ... rendering, I can say it, I believe, good services and I am thanked thus. It is the triumph of the salon gossip. General Frech, very naive, let himself be upset or is unconscious, he reproached me for not knowing the Vietnamese and the lieutenant who replaces me does not know a word of it." The Lieutenant adds that in Huế he is disqualified and has lost face while he has nothing to be ashamed of. The letter ends with the consequences of his mutation. Lieutenant Troyes has something to be disgusted with since he had a good knowledge of the Annamese language.	N
1935-11-21 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes à sa mère, à Samatan, Gers. Hué, 21 Novembre 1935.	Lieutenant Troyes to his mother, in Samatan, Gers. Huế, November 21, 1935.	Handwritten letter of 1 page double-sided. The Lieutenant writes to his mother that he is "currently serving at the 10th RMIC, at the company of machine gunners." The General did not hesitate to return to the same garrison where I lost face ... reproached me for not knowing Vietnamese and put a lieutenant in my place who does not know a word of it, and secondly, I am in charge of the same service of information to the regiment "(which requires the knowledge of Vietnamese, that the Lieutenant was mastering more or less). The Lieutenant adds that it is to understand nothing about it, wonders what has been said about him slandering him to the General, that "the piston" is all powerful and that justice is not of this world. Finally, he thinks he is quieter now, finishing at 11am and 5 o'clock when at the General Staff he finishes at noon and at 6 o'clock. The end of the mail is devoted to the family ties of the Lieutenant.	Y
1936-01-01 00:00:00	Brigade d'Annam. Etat des renseignements concernant le Lieutenant Troyes. Hué, 1936	Annam Brigade. State of information concerning Lieutenant Troyes. Huế, 1936	Well-used condition for this one and a half page document.	Y
1936-01-01 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Hué, à sa mère et à sa soeur à Samatan, Gers. 1936. Bao Dai, dernier empereur du Vietnam.	Lieutenant Troyes, Hué, to his mother and sister in Samatan, Gers. 1936. Bao Dai, last emperor of Vietnam.	Letter of a double-sided page. On the back, Troyes writes: "I ride twice a week with the king, his orderly officer Captain Raynaud, a blood prince and his majesty's private secretary," specifies that the king shows very well , that he is very simple but quite royal, speaks of the Empress, says that he was able to visit the "Forbidden City", the personal abode of the King, describes the sumptuous Court. It is curious that Troyes uses the word "king" to designate the emperor.	N
1936-01-01 00:00:00	Troupes de l'Indochine. Brigade d' Annam. Général de Brigade Frech. Hué, 1936.	Indochina troops. Annam Brigade. Brigadier General Frech. Huế, 1936.	Note on the bad behavior of soldiers belonging to the 10th RMIC	Y
1936-02-04 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Brigade d'Annam, Etat-Major, Hué, à sa mère, Samatan, Gers. Vice-Amiral Esteva.1936	Lieutenant Troyes, Annam Brigade, General Staff, Huế, to his mother, Samatan, Gers. Vice-Admiral Esteva. 1936	Letter of a double-sided page essentially devoted to family problems, to a letter torn in two received by his mother, probably checked since the Lieutenant is an intelligence officer. The photograph is in 5.8x8.5 format. On the back, Lieutenant Troyes wrote: "February 4, 1936. Review on the occasion of the passage in Huế of Vice-Admiral Esteva commanding the French naval forces of the Far East and officers of the cruiser" Lamotte-Picquet ."	N
1936-02-13 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, à sa mère à Toulouse.	Lieutenant Troyes, to his mother in Toulouse.	Handwritten letter of one double-sided page essentially devoted to the Lieutenant's family which also indicates "For two days we have started the training marches - 100 kilometers In three days. The last stage must be done at night. I am obviously a little tired. We then go to the maneuvers from February 17 to 24 ."	N
1936-03-26 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Hué, à sa mère à Samatan, Gers. 26/03/1936	Lieutenant Troyes, Huế, to his mother in Samatan, Gers. 03/26/1936	Handwritten letter of 1 page double-sided mainly devoted to the Troyes family. The end of the mail is devoted to the occupation of the Rhineland by the Germans, to the Franco-Soviet pact: "In this case, what will lead us the Franco-Soviet pact- without any doubt to gangrene of the French army if it has Soviet comrades as combatants. " The Lieutenant joined a clipping of the "Journal des Coloniaux" entitled "The Piracy in Tonkin" recounting the attack on the village of Thanh Thủy by twenty pirates, which he comments as follows: .".. in my opinion, since its creation in about 1885, this post had not had stories of pirates ... Sometimes, the Heads of Post make sure to have a small attack to receive decorations and advancement," quotes a Lieutenant Commander the Pha Long border post was killed and, in Moi country, Lieutenant Lacomme who "was wounded with an arrow."	N
1936-06-03 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Hué, à sa mère et à sa soeur à Samatan, Gers. 1936.	Lieutenant Troyes, Hué, to his mother and sister in Samatan, Gers. 1936.	Discusses departure from Indochina.	N
1936-06-03 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Hué, à sa mère à Samatan, Gers. 03 Juin 1936.	Lieutenant Troyes, Huế, to his mother in Samatan, Gers. June 03, 1936.	Handwritten letter of one double-sided page accompanied by a photograph - 5.5x6 format - of Lieutenant Troyes fishing. The Lieutenant evokes his family life in Huế, their hut in Thuan-An, made of planks with a thatched roof and a view of the sea which is about fifty meters away where they go with their children from Saturday evening to Sunday evening, with a bep (cook), to whom they give their order and leave her with her little girl, describes the context of the photo sent: "The photo where I am a fisherman with a beautiful fish was taken at the sampana tree hut that I lived in during my stay in the forest to control the detachment of lumberjacks chopping wood for the construction of a skirmishers' camp in Huế ." The letter continues on the Lieutenant's children, his work, his wife who hates life in Indochina, military households which are not interesting: "The colonel has no uniform. I noticed with horror that women of The officers were illiterate, making mistakes with every word and with the handwriting of a child learning to write ... Living in such an uneducated, mean and pretentious environment is not cheerful. over gossip but the general is more and more bizarre. The retreat would need to sound soon ." The Lieutenant adds that gossip and slander are commonplace among colonial women. Traces of paper at the bottom of the back.	N
1936-07-16 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, à sa mère à Samatan.	Lieutenant Troyes, to his mother in Samatan.	Handwritten letter of 1 double-sided page in which the Lieutenant indicates that he is forced to send his wife and children to Bana, which will cost him more than 2000 francs, "really, in family, the colony is worth nothing, and we are much better in France, with a balance from France ." Troyes reports that "Général superieur Buhrer congratulated the soldiers who passed the Annamite exam (including Troyes) and that it would be mentioned in the notes and that they would be taken into account in the proposals concerning them." The letter ends with family relations, with the Lieutenant who has to get up at 3 o'clock, a frequent thing that never happens in France, except perhaps during major maneuvers.	N
1936-09-12 00:00:00	Troupes de l'Indochine. Brigade d' Annam. Général de Brigade Frech. Hué, 1936.	Indochina troops. Annam Brigade. Brigadier General Frech. Huế, 1936.	Note on the misbehavior of soldiers belonging to the 10th R.M.I.C.	N
1936-10-15 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, à sa famille à Samatan.	Lieutenant Troyes, to his family in Samatan.	Mauscript letter of two double-sided pages mainly devoted to the Lieutenant's family. Apart from that, Troyes indicates that he has found an exchange, which takes him four months, which will allow the lieutenant to be repatriated on June 17 instead of October 17, 1937, indicates that he will drop the Troop, "to get up before daylight to go to exercise. I've been leading this life for ten years now and it hasn't brought me anything ... I have much more luck with Military Justice "and he specifies:" I don't do not know if it is very clever on the same letter in which I was recommended for my appointment as Captain to General Barrau to speak to him about my desire to pass into Military Justice ... It is a bit like a horseman who talks about becoming an infantryman or even better like a soldier who puts his saber in the rack and trades it for a sword from the services. "Troyes awaits his return to France to do his one-year internship with a civil court.	N
1936-10-29 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, à sa mère à Toulouse.	Lieutenant Troyes, to his mother in Toulouse.	Handwritten letter of three pages mainly devoted to the family of the Lieutenant who adds to be worried about political events in France: "More than others, I am informed by my special functions, but despite everything, I have very good hope that the civil war will not take place in France ." Further on, the Lieutenant - holder of a license in law - explains why the military justice tempts him: "With age, I lose like everyone else illusions. To die, to roll over hill and dale, I collect nothing. It is very difficult to progress in the ranks. 3/4 of the officers have a clerical job in the army ... We are three or four officers out of 20 in Huế to run the roads. "I supped enough of it." My knowledge of Vietnamese has so far only served me to have additional work outside my regular service."	N
1936-11-04 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes. Classement à l'état-major particulier de l'Infanterie Coloniale.	Lieutenant Troyes. Classification at the particular staff of the Colonial Infantry.	The Lieutenant is seconded as a trainee to the Military Tribunal of Oran. Well-used condition for this document which includes a duplicate.	N
1936-11-26 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Hué, à sa mère et à sa soeur à Samatan, Gers. 1936. Bao Dai, dernier empereur du Vietnam.	Lieutenant Troyes, Hué, to his mother and sister in Samatan, Gers. 1936. Bao Dai, last emperor of Vietnam.	Letter of a double-sided page. On the reverse, Troyes writes: "I ride twice a week on horseback with the king, his orderly officer Captain Raynaud, a blood prince and the private secretary of his majesty", states that the king shows very well , that it is very simple but quite royal, speaks of the Empress, says that he was able to visit the "Forbidden City", the personal residence of the King, describes the sumptuous Court. It is curious that Troyes uses the word "king" to designate the emperor.	N
1937-01-01 00:00:00	Troyes, qui servit comme lieutenant à Hà Tinh, Thanh-Thuy, etc. 1937. Notification N° 50. Hanoi	Troyes, who served as lieutenant to Hà Tinh, Thanh Thủy, etc. 1937. Notification N ° 50. Hanoi	Extensions of stay by proxy. On the back, Lieutenant Troyes wrote some considerations on the soldiers whose names he gave: "good marksman with carbine and machine gun", "mediocre machine gunner", "bad marksman", etc.Well-worn condition.	N
1937-01-01 00:00:00	Général Bührer, Commandant Supérieur des Troupes du Groupe de l'Indochine. Notification N° 44. Troyes, Indochine.	General Bührer, Superior Commander of the Troops of the Indochina Group. Notification N ° 44. Troyes, Indochina.	Notification relating to the colonial succession. Well-used condition for this document which comes from the personal papers of Colonel Troyes.	N
1937-01-01 00:00:00	Ministère de la Guerre. Notification N° 29. Liste des emplois attribués aux troupes coloniales. Troyes, Indochine.	Ministry of War. Notification N ° 29. List of jobs attributed to colonial troops. Troyes, Indochina.	On the back, Notification N ° 29, printed text where Major General Bührer, Commander of the Troops of the Indochina Group, invites the officers who can be repatriated in good time to apply for the jobs offered on the front for the school year 1937/38 . The note is dated March 17, 1937, in Hanoi. Tears with and without lack of paper for this document which comes from the personal papers of Colonel Troyes.	N
1937-01-01 00:00:00	Service Pénitentiaire.Tribunal Militaire d'Oran. Lieutenant Troyes (servit à Hà Tinh, Thanh-Thuy, Hué, etc).	Prison Service, Military Court of Oran. Lieutenant Troyes (served in Hà Tinh, Thanh Thủy, Hué, etc.).	Well-used condition for these documents dated May 25 and June 2, 1937 relating to the costs of treatment of inmates of civil prisons in the Prison District of Oran. The document of the Territorial Division of Oran, Military Tribunal, is not signed by Troyes who did not take up his duties as a trainee as a substitute for the Military Examining Magistrate until November 10, 1937. It comes from his personal papers.	Y
1937-04-07 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, Hué, à sa mère à Samatan, Gers. Hué, 01/04/1937	Lieutenant Troyes, Huế, to his mother in Samatan, Gers. Huế, 04/01/1937	Apart from the usual words about the family, the Lieutenant mentions the possibility of a place of squire for the Emperor but, for this, he would be laid off, said that he would be less well paid than being an officer and that he would be subject to Indochina, indicates that he goes to the Palace almost every day, but specifies that the social qualities of the couple he forms with his wife make it unlikely that he is offered the post of squire : .".. we stayed too erased, not elegant enough, without proper interior", etc. The letter continues on the fair of Huế where the Lieutenant won 1st prize with a live pigeon shooting and ends with various remarks.	N
1937-04-13 00:00:00	Commandement Militaire des Confins Algéro-Marocains,Troyes, lieutenant en Indochine à Hà Tinh (1931), etc.	Military Command of the Algerian-Moroccan Borders, Troyes, lieutenant in Indochina at Hà Tinh (1931), etc.	Document of 7 pages, one in 21x16 format, 6 in 21x32 format, on the territorial competences of the Military Courts of Casablanca, Oran, Aïn. The Moroccan part of the Algerian-Moroccan borders comes under the jurisdiction of the Military Tribunal of Casablanca. The territorial part of the jurisdiction of the Military Tribunal of Oran includes the posts of Tindouf, Tabel-Bala and the garrisons of the Territory of Aïn Sefra. The document also includes a letter dated April 13, 1937 from the 3rd Class Military Justice Officer Trochu, Military Examining Magistrate at the Permanent Military Tribunal of Oran, addressed to General Trinquet, and the response of this last, dated April 20, 1937.Well-worn condition for this set	N
1937-05-11 00:00:00	Parquet de Mascara au Tribunal Militaire d'Oran. Lieutenant Troyes ( Hà Tinh, Thanh-Thuy, etc).	Mascara prosecution at the Military Tribunal of Oran. Lieutenant Troyes (Hà Tinh, Thanh Thủy, etc.).	Well-used condition for this stapled document of six and a half pages sent by the Public Prosecutor of the Prosecutor's Office of Mascara to the Government Commissioner at the Military Tribunal of Oran. It is about an assassination attempt perpetrated by "two native Muslims not admitted to the status of French citizen. One is a 2nd class spahi on regular leave, the other is non-military. It is a question of to determine which is the competent court to judge them, together or separately, either by a Military Court or by an ordinary French court of the place. Note, at the end of the document, the Eurocentric position of the Public Prosecutor of Mascara : .".. would it be prudent to subject them (to the Assize courts) to specifically Algerian crimes, committed in the almost desert immensity of the southern territories by non-naturalized indigenous Muslim Saharans and still semi-savages on the pretext that the was one of them provisionally dressed in a military costume?"	N
1937-06-05 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes. Le Code Gia-Long. Conférence. Hué, Annam. Chef de Bataillon Ferrut.	Lieutenant Troyes. The Gia-Long Code. Conference. Huế, Annam. Chief of Battalion Ferrut.	Typescript text of eighteen recto pages under riveted folder, 22x32 format. On the inside cover, a typed memo of the 10th RMIC was taped, from the Battalion Commander Ferrut Commandant the 1st Battalion, indicating the date and place of the conference - the Circle of Officers - as well as the obligation made to the Officers, Chief Warrant Officers and Warrant Officers to attend. On the back cover, on a glued white paper, a handwritten note of ten lines from Lieutenant Troyes says of the Gia-Long Code that it "must be shaken from its venerable dust. It has already been done thanks to the work of the advisers. jurists with the King ." Lieutenant Troyes had a lawyer training acquired at the Faculty of Law of Toulouse. The title page reads "Centre d 'Etudes de Langue Annamite de Toulouse."Pleats throughout cover and text. Underlined passages. Handwritten marginal notes and in the text of Lieutenant Troyes. Loss of paper without affecting the text at the inner edge of the last page.	N
1937-06-25 00:00:00	Tribunal Militaire d'Oran. Incompétence. Vol-Rebellion & Menaces de mort . Lieutenant Troyes.	Military Tribunal of Oran. Incompetence. Theft-Rebellion & Death threats. Lieutenant Troyes.	Well-used condition for this document of 5 and a half pages relating to a non-naturalized Muslim native, a soldier in the 6th Tirailleurs in Tlemcen. The document, which emanates from the Court of Appeal of Algiers, declares that the Examining Magistrate at the Military Tribunal of Oran declared himself incompetent "and referred for all intents and purposes the procedure to the General Commandant Militaire du Territory of AÏn Sefra in Colomb Béchar ." The document comes from the personal papers of Troyes.	N
1937-07-16 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, à bord du Cap Tourane, à sa famille à Samatan, Gers. Vendredi	Lieutenant Troyes, aboard the Cap Tourane, to his family in Samatan, Gers. Friday	Handwritten letter of one double-sided page in an envelope with Chargeurs Réunis letterhead: "We touched Saigon this morning at 11 am and we must leave only Tuesday around noon. Our ex-boat is in port "President Doumer" which should arrive in Marseille on August 12, while Cap Tourane will not arrive until the 20th!." The lieutenant adds that they have a cabin with four berths, speaks of their two children, of the four days stop in Saigon, painful and long, painful because of the continual noise of ship loading and mosquitoes, speaks of their big expense of money and better onboard menu than at best hotels in Saigon.	N
1937-07-29 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, à bord du Cap Tourane, à sa famille à Samatan, Gers. Vendredi	Lieutenant Troyes, aboard the Cap Tourane, to his family in Samatan, Gers. Friday	Handwritten letter of one double-sided page on Chargeurs Réunis letterhead. Courier writes the day before the boat arrives in Colombo. The lieutenant, accompanied by his wife and their two young children, will find his family in Samatan: "From Colombo, we will enter the monsoon area. The boat will make an arc towards the South to avoid it. The journey is extended by two days, but this delay would be counted in the arrival scheduled for August 20. From Haiphong to Marseille, Cap Tourane provides for 39 days! " The mail continues on the life on board of the children, who must be constantly monitored, a young métis soldier helps the parents to keep them and the lieutenant gives him the room at each stopover as well as fruits taken from the dining room to which he is not entitled, on the stopover in Singapore where they made purchases, on the future of the lieutenant who awaits his admission in training course in military justice: "I will have to work hard one year to pass the competition, then I will be quiet and my future looks much better there than in the regular army." The letter ends with the practical details, the arrival in Matabiau, the 500 kilos of luggage to be picked up at Toulouse station and the interminability of the trip.	N
1937-08-15 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, à bord du Cap Tourane, à sa famille à Samatan, Gers. Golfe et Canal de Suez	Lieutenant Troyes, aboard the Cap Tourane, to his family in Samatan, Gers. Gulf and Suez Canal	Handwritten letter of one double-sided page on letterhead and envelope from Chargeurs Réunis: "We arrive tonight in Suez where we have to stop for a few hours to bring on fresh water", followed by the crossing of the Canal (twelve hours) and the stopover in Port Said. The boat is late and will not arrive in Marseille until Sunday morning, August 22, and as the offices are closed on Sundays, military formalities can only be carried out on Monday. The lieutenant hopes that they will arrive in Matabiau on Tuesday, speaks of the stifling heat from Djibouti, of the three dead aboard "President Doumer", due to a flood, which he descended in Djibouti, "what immense desolation. Not. a tree and a heat! 74 in the sun, 44 in the shade ... ", describes the coast," a strip of sand overhung by mountains without a blade of grass ... ", speaks of the "Explorer Grandidier" who follows them and will overtake them. The letter ends with a description of the Suez Canal, on the Grandidier which will arrive before them in Marseille and on the lieutenant's family relations.	N
1937-10-16 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, 10e R.M.I.C. Hué (servit à Hà Tinh,Thanh-Thuy, Hué, etc).	Lieutenant Troyes, 10th RMIC Huế (served in Hà Tinh, Thanh Thủy, Hué, etc.).	Well-used condition for this document which comes from the personal papers of Colonel Troyes	N
1937-11-10 00:00:00	Nomination au Tribunal Militaire d'Oran. Lieutenant Troyes (servit à Hà Tinh, Thanh-Thuy, Hué, etc).	Appointment to the Military Tribunal of Oran. Lieutenant Troyes (served in Hà Tinh, Thanh Thủy, Hué, etc.).	Well-used condition for this extract from the Official Journal designating Troyes seconded as a trainee as a substitute for the Military Examining Magistrate.	N
1937-12-11 00:00:00	Colonel Azan. Tribunal Militaire d'Oran. Lieutenant Troyes (servit à Hà Tinh, Thanh-Thuy, etc). Bel Abbès	Colonel Azan. Military Tribunal of Oran. Lieutenant Troyes (served in Hà Tinh, Thanh Thủy, etc.). Bel Abbes	Usage report for this document relating to a legal controversy over the attachment of the Toul and Marseille detachments to the 1st Foreign Regiment.Troyes took up his duties as a trainee as a substitute for the Military Examining Magistrate on November 10, 1937.	Y
1937-12-20 00:00:00	Vol et rebellion. Tribunal Militaire d'Oran. Lieutenant Troyes , au Ministre de la Défense	Theft and rebellion. Military Tribunal of Oran. Lieutenant Troyes, to the Minister of Defense	Well-used condition for these two documents, one of four pages, the other of one front page relating to a case of theft and rebellion against a railway agent by a soldier in the 6th Algerian Tirailleurs Regiment, in the train from Colomb Béchar to Oran. Troyes, deputy of the Military Examining Magistrate, wrote to the Minister of National Defense and War to find out if the Military Tribunal of Oran is competent to judge this case. The one-page document, dated February 14, 1938, Paris, is the response made in Troyes "for the Minister" by the Director of Litigation, Military Justice and the Gendarmerie.	Y
1937-12-20 00:00:00	Vol et rebellion. Tribunal Militaire d'Oran. Lieutenant Troyes , au Ministre de la Défense .Oran	Theft and rebellion. Military Tribunal of Oran. Lieutenant Troyes, to the Minister of Defense. Oran	Well-used condition for these two documents, one of four pages, the other of one recto page relating to a case of theft and rebellion against a railway agent by a soldier in the 6th Algerian Tirailleurs Regiment, in the train from Colomb Béchar to Oran. Troyes, deputy of the Military Examining Magistrate, wrote to the Minister of National Defense and War to find out if the Military Tribunal of Oran is competent to judge this case. The one-page document, dated February 14, 1938, Paris, is the response made in Troyes "for the Minister" by the Director of Litigation, Military Justice and the Gendarmerie.	Y
1938-01-01 00:00:00	Concours Officier de Justice Militaire. Lieutenant Troyes.	Military Justice Officer Competition. Lieutenant Troyes.	Well-used condition for this 1-page document which relates to the competition for two posts of 3rd Class Military Justice Officer and, in principle, 20 posts of Deputy Military Justice Officer. The text details the precise case of two brothers, soldiers in the 23rd Colonial Infantry Regiment and asks to study the offenses committed, to qualify them, to indicate the applicable articles of law and to write the closing order of the examining magistrate. The document comes from the personal papers of Colonel Troyes. It is impossible to know whether it is a hypothetical case or a real case.	N
1938-01-01 00:00:00	Concours Officier de Justice Militaire. Lieutenant Troyes. Oran	Military Justice Officer Competition. Lieutenant Troyes. Oran	Well-used condition for this 1-page document which relates to the competition for two posts of 3rd Class Military Justice Officer and, in principle, 20 posts of Deputy Military Justice Officer. The text details the precise case of two brothers, soldiers in the 23rd Colonial Infantry Regiment and asks to study the offenses committed, to qualify them, to indicate the applicable articles of law and to write the closing order of the examining magistrate. The document comes from the personal papers of Colonel Troyes.	N
1938-02-01 00:00:00	Réduction de tarif. Tribunal Militaire d'Oran. Lieutenant Troyes (servit à Hà Tinh, Thanh-Thuy, etc).	Tariff reduction. Military Tribunal of Oran. Lieutenant Troyes (served in Hà Tinh, Thanh Thủy, etc.).	Well-used condition for this document which is a request -unused- for a reduction in transport tariffs.	Y
1938-07-18 00:00:00	Désertion. Tribunal Militaire d'Oran. Lieutenant Troyes (servit à Hà Tinh, Thanh-Thuy, etc)	Desertion. Military Tribunal of Oran. Lieutenant Troyes (served in Hà Tinh, Thanh Thủy, etc.)	Well-used condition for this document. On the front, draft letter dated July 25, 1938 from Lieutenant Troyes, request made to the Faculty of Law of Toulouse in order to obtain a copy of the transcripts he obtained during the years 1924, 1925 and 1926. On the back, with in head "Military Tribunal of Oran Cabinet of the Examining Judge", a request established by Troyes, deputy of the Military Examining magistrate at the Military Tribunal of Oran and addressed to the Captain Commandant of the 2nd Company of Machine Gunners of the 1st Foreigner in Aïn Sefra, concerning the transmission of documents relating to the desertion of a legionnaire: "report, state of the effects and weapons reported and not represented, arrest report", etc. Troyes added details relating to another case.	N
1938-09-01 00:00:00	Tribunal Militaire Permanent d'Oran. Acte d'accusation pour coups mortels. Troyes servit à Hà Tinh, Thanh-Thuy, Hué, etc	Permanent Military Tribunal of Oran. Indictment for fatal blows. Troyes served in Hà Tinh, Thanh Thủy, Hué, etc.	Documents dating from September 1938 including the indictment, the extract from the minutes of the Court of Appeal of Algiers, the order of transmission of the deputy of the Military Examining Magistrate- Lieutenant Troyes- to the Attorney General of Court of Appeal of Algiers and the final indictment. The accused, "an unnaturalized Muslim native, 2nd Class Spahi of the 2nd Algerian Spahis Regiment" is "charged with assault and battery leading to death." Lieutenant Troyes began his military career in Indochina as head of post at Hà Tinh, Thanh Thủy, subsequently served in Huế, then at the end of the 1930s became an Officer of Military Justice.	Y
1938-09-26 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, servit à Hà-Tinh, Thanh-Thuy, Hué, etc. 19e Corps d'Armée, Général Catroux, Oran	Lieutenant Troyes, served in Hà-Tinh, Thanh Thủy, Hué, etc. 19th Army Corps, General Catroux, Oran	Mobilization assignment indicating that Lieutenant Troyes is seconded as a trainee to the Military Tribunal as a substitute for the Military Examining Magistrate.Well-worn condition.	N
1938-09-26 00:00:00	Général Catroux.Tribunal Militaire d'Oran. Lieutenant Troyes (servit à Hà Tinh, Thanh-Thuy, Hué, etc).	General Catroux Military Tribunal of Oran. Lieutenant Troyes (served in Hà Tinh, Thanh Thủy, Hué, etc.).	Well-used condition for this document affecting Lieutenant Troyes at C.M.I.A. 2 (Interarmed Medical Center) for the case of mobilization. With stamp "Permanent Military Tribunal of Oran."Troyes was seconded as a trainee as a substitute for the Military Examining Magistrate on November 10, 1937.	N
1938-10-01 00:00:00	Tribunal Militaire Permanent d'Oran. Acte d'accusation pour meurtre. Troyes servit à Hà Tinh, Thanh-Thuy, Hué, etc	Permanent Military Tribunal of Oran. Indictment for murder. Troyes served in Hà Tinh, Thanh Thủy, Hué, etc.	Documents dating from October 1938 including the extract from the minutes of the Court of Appeal of Algiers, the transmission order of the deputy of the Military Examining Magistrate- Lieutenant Troyes- to the Attorney General of the Court of Appeal of Algiers . The accused, "indigenous Muslim, not naturalized from the military territory of Ain Sefra" is "charged with murder."	N
1939-01-01 00:00:00	Tribunal Militaire Permanent d'Oran. Troyes (servit à Hà Tinh, Thanh-Thuy, etc). Enregistrement des infractions.	Permanent Military Tribunal of Oran. Troyes (served in Hà Tinh, Thanh Thủy, etc.). Registration of offenses.	Handwritten notebook -without cover- in 17x22 format of 68 pages. The notebook is built in two parts. Part One: Recording of files giving the date of the offense, the nature of the offense (manslaughter, refusal to obey, assault, etc.), the name of the accused, his rank and his regiment, and observations concerning him (prison sentences, acquitted, defaulting, arrested on such and such a date, etc.). Part Two: Correspondence giving the day and month, the nature of the correspondence (with officer, staff, chief medical officer, regiment, etc.) and indicating the name of the accused). The notebook is stamped with dates ranging from November 1939 to May 1940. There is also the stamp "Troyes, Deputy Military Justice Officer." Troyes was deputy of the Military Examining Magistrate at the Permanent Military Tribunal of Oran since November 1937. Only one page has not been used. The notebook poses some decryption problems.	Y
1939-01-01 00:00:00	Tribunal Militaire d'Oran. Police Judiciaire Militaire. Notions Juridiques Sommaires. Lieutenant Troyes.	Military Tribunal of Oran. Military Judicial Police. Summary Legal Notions. Lieutenant Troyes.	Well-used condition for this remarkable three-part document. 1: The Military Judicial Police, seventeen pages. 2: Summary Legal Notions on Principal Crimes and Misdemeanors, twelve pages. 3: Models of Exhibits to be Established, 32 pages, 25 models: Statement of exhibits, Search Report, Delegation, Complaint, Complaint in Abandonment, Interrogation Report, Rogatory Commission, Presentation Report 'a Deserter, etc.The document comes from the personal papers of Troyes. The latter annotated it, crossed out the beginning of the title of the first part as well as certain paragraphs.	N
1939-01-01 00:00:00	Commissaire du Gouvernement Vérin. Troyes, lieutenant en Indochine à Hà Tinh (1931), etc.	Government Commissioner Vérin. Troyes, lieutenant in Indochina at Hà Tinh (1931), etc.	Well-used condition for this document.The document - annotated by Troyes - comes from the personal papers of Lieutenant-Colonel Troyes who served as lieutenant in Thanh Thủy, Hué, then military justice officer in Oran, Dakar, etc. He ended his career as a 1st class military magistrate.	N
1939-01-01 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, servit à Hà Tinh,Thanh-Thuy, etc. Plan de "Oran et Environs". Service Géographique de l'Armée	Lieutenant Troyes, served in Hà Tinh, Thanh Thủy, etc. Map of "Oran and Surroundings". Army Geographic Service	A map in 66.5cm x 78.5cm drawn, printed, and published by the Geographic service of the Army 1928.	N
1939-01-01 00:00:00	Tribunal Militaire d'Oran. Police Judiciaire Militaire. Notions Juridiques Sommaires. Lieutenant Troyes	Military Tribunal of Oran. Military Judicial Police. Summary Legal Notions. Lieutenant Troyes	Well-used condition for this remarkable document in 3 parts. 1: The Military Judicial Police, 17 pages. 2: Summary Legal Notions on the Principal Crimes and Misdemeanors, 12 pages. 3: Models of Exhibits to be Established, 32 pages, 25 models: Statement of exhibits, Search Report, Delegation, Complaint, Complaint in Abandonment, Interrogation Report, Rogatory Commission, Report of Presentation of 'a Deserter, etc.The document comes from the personal papers of Troyes. The latter annotated it, crossed out the beginning of the title of the first part as well as certain paragraphs.	N
1939-01-10 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes (Hà-Tinh, Thanh-Thuy, Hué, ). Division d'Alger. Général Beynet. Ordre de convocation.	Lieutenant Troyes (Hà-Tinh, Thanh Thủy, Hué,). Algiers Division. General Beynet. Order of summons.	Well-used condition for this convocation. Troyes presented himself for the examination of assistant military legal officer which took place on February 8 and 9, 1939 at the Military Tribunal of Algiers. Stamp "Division d'Alger le Général Commandant" at the bottom of the document.	N
1939-01-10 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes (Hà-Tinh, Thanh-Thuy, Hué, ). Division d'Alger. Général Beynet. Ordre de convocation.	Lieutenant Troyes (Hà-Tinh, Thanh Thủy, Hué,). Algiers Division. General Beynet. Order of summons.	Well-used condition for this convocation. Lieutenant Troyes was at the beginning of the 1930s head of post at Hà-Thinh, Thanh Thủy then was appointed to Huế. He presented himself for the examination of assistant military legal officer which took place on February 8 and 9, 1939 at the Military Tribunal of Algiers. Stamp "Division d'Alger le Général Commandant" at the bottom of the document.	N
1939-01-14 00:00:00	Ordre de convocation. Tribunal Militaire d'Oran. Lieutenant Troyes (servit à Hà Tinh, Thanh-Thuy, etc).	Order of summons. Military Tribunal of Oran. Lieutenant Troyes (served in Hà Tinh, Thanh Thủy, etc.).	Well-used condition for this document acknowledging receipt of the summons to present himself to the Chief of Staff of the Algiers Division in order to "receive all useful information about the competition for the post of officer of Military justice that I must undergo on February 8 and 9 in Algiers ."	N
1939-02-08 00:00:00	Commandant Troyes (lieutenant à Hà-Tinh, Thanh-Thuy ). Cour de Cassation Militaire d'Alger, liste du personnel.	Commander Troyes (lieutenant in Hà-Tinh, Thanh Thủy). Algiers Military Court of Cassation, list of personnel.	Well-used condition for this handwritten document. He presented himself for the examination of assistant military legal officer which took place on February 8 and 9, 1939 at the Military Tribunal of Algiers.	N
1939-02-08 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes (Hà-Tinh, Thanh-Thuy, Hué, ). Tribunal Miltaire d'Oran. Condition Civile et Politique des Miltaires.	Lieutenant Troyes (Hà-Tinh, Thanh Thủy, Hué,). Military Tribunal of Oran. Civil Status and Military Policy.	78-page notebook in 17cm x 22cm format. About 44 pages were used by the Lieutenant. The Lieutenant presented himself for the examination of assistant military legal officer which took place on February 8 and 9, 1939 at the Military Tribunal of Algiers. The notebook is embellished with a few small drawings in black. A loose page of a different size but on the same subject has been added to the notebook.	N
1939-03-01 00:00:00	Tribunal Militaire d'Oran. Réquisitoire définitif pour meurtre. Lieutenant Troyes.	Military Tribunal of Oran. Final requisition for murder. Lieutenant Troyes.	Well-used condition for this document of 1 page and a half relating to the discovery around July 15, 1936 of the corpse of a shepherd of the tribe of Chaambas on the Territory of the annex of Géryville. The document indicates that no evidence has been provided to establish the guilt of the suspect - the victim's cousin - designated by the victim's father and mother.	N
1939-05-01 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, à ses parents à Samatan. Saigon.	Lieutenant Troyes, to his parents in Samatan. Saigon.	Handwritten letter of a double-sided page. The Lieutenant, who has just arrived in Indochina, speaks of a certain Broogs - who came to pick him up by car from the boat - who was to bring him to his plantation, but, being on duty and having to be inoculated against cholera, the Lieutenant could not accept. They visited Cholon, "the Chinese town, the opium dens, the boxes of all kinds. The European is tolerated there, but the Chinese are good at making them understand that they are unwanted. We have entered a few all over the place, however, but our arrival was quickly signaled on all floors by means of electric bells. Did we want to enter a certain room. Immediately, as if by magic, a sign "Reserved" was stuck on the door. Did we want a drink, the last bottle had just been emptied ... I wanted to kick their asses. It should not, it seems, because of the endless stories it causes. However, in a den, I was confused as the police and she was evacuated in the blink of an eye. They were young Chinese between the ages of 18 and 22 who smoked and were not allowed to. " The Lieutenant announces that he has just been assigned to Tourane, which means that he will stay there a little, will descend to be directed elsewhere, "Huế for example." Every evening, Troyes goes out on land, luxury and bluff, "we are judged by the number of your piastres", go and see Joan of Arc's feast "we would believe ourselves, if it were not for this heavy heat Even at night, in Biarritz. As much luxury, if not more. The hotels, cafes, restaurants, shops have nothing to envy to the most luxurious in France ." The lieutenant specifies that the boat takes only two days for Tourane and he leaves for Saigon on the 14th. The mail ends with an anecdote, located in Kandy, involving an astrologer and a captain. This is one of the first letters from Indochina, perhaps the first, sent by The Lieutenant to his parents.	N
1939-05-26 00:00:00	Viol. Tribunal Militaire d'Oran. Lieutenant Troyes.	Rape. Military Tribunal of Oran. Lieutenant Troyes.	Well-used condition for this three-page document emanating from the Court of Appeal of Algiers regarding the referral of the accused, detained, to the Indictments Chamber under the prevention of rape. The document comes from the personal papers of Colonel Troyes.	N
1939-05-26 00:00:00	Viol. Tribunal Militaire d'Oran. Lieutenant Troyes.	Rape. Military Tribunal of Oran. Lieutenant Troyes.	Well-used condition for this 3-page document emanating from the Court of Appeal of Algiers regarding the referral of the accused, detained, to the Indictments Chamber under the prevention of rape. The document comes from the personal papers of Colonel Troyes.	N
1939-05-26 00:00:00	Viol. Tribunal Militaire d'Oran. Lieutenant Troyes. Oran	Rape. Military Tribunal of Oran. Lieutenant Troyes. Oran	Well-used condition for this three-page document emanating from the Court of Appeal of Algiers regarding the referral of the accused, detained, to the Indictments Chamber under the prevention of rape. The document comes from the personal papers of Colonel Troyes.	N
1939-08-06 00:00:00	Tribunal Militaire Permanent d'Oran. Capitaine Troyes. Permission de 30 jours.	Permanent Military Tribunal of Oran. Captain Troyes. 30 day permit.	Well-used condition for this document with the stamp "Permanent Military Tribunal of Oran" on the front. On the back, stamp "Intendance Militaire R. J. A. Dinet" and another, which I could not fully decipher, "Depot of Port-Vendres." It is indicated the name of the liner, GG Lépine, the destination, Port-Vendres, the departure from Oran on July 5, 1939 as well as the return on a liner whose name I could not decipher, bound for Oran and leaving Port-Vendres on 6/08/1939.	N
1939-08-09 00:00:00	Edouard Daladier au Tribunal Militaire à Oran. Officier de Justice Troyes ( qui servit à Hà Tinh, etc.)	Edouard Daladier at the Military Tribunal in Oran. Officer of Justice Troyes (who served in Hà Tinh, etc.)	Telegram sent to the Government Commissioner of the Military Tribunal of Oran by the President of the Council and Minister of National Defense, Edouard Daladier, for a suspension of boarding requested by Troyes, officer of Military Justice.	N
1939-11-17 00:00:00	Tribunal Militaire d'Oran. Mandat d'arrêt. Lieutenant Troyes (servit à Hà Tinh, Thanh-Thuy, etc)	Military Tribunal of Oran. Arrest warrant. Lieutenant Troyes (served in Hà Tinh, Thanh Thủy, etc.)	Well-used condition for this arrest warrant issued by the Lieutenant Troyes - Deputy Military Justice Officer - for desertion in time of war against a 2nd class Tirailleur in the 1st Battalion of the 2nd Algerian Tirailleurs Regiment. With the stamp "Military Courts of the Armed Forces Le Juge d'Inst." , "National Security November 17, 1939" and "Unknown to the Criminal File." The document includes a description of the individual, his civil status and the recipient of the document, the Comptroller General of Judicial Research at the Ministry of the Interior in Paris. It is on purpose that I do not give the name of the respondent and that a cache has been added to the scan so that his name cannot be read transparently. Troyes was seconded as a trainee as a substitute for the Military Examining Magistrate on November 10, 1937.	N
1939-11-25 00:00:00	Général Barrau. Capitaine Troyes (qui servit à Hà Tinh,etc.) et autres. Dakar	General Barrau. Captain Troyes (who served in Hà Tinh, etc.) and others. Dakar	Well-used condition for this document annotated by Troyes when he was retired.	N
1940-01-01 00:00:00	Tibunal Militaire d'Oran. Troyes, Officier de Justice Militaire. Enregistrement des dossiers d'inculpation. 1940/1941.	Military Tibunal of Oran. Troyes, Military Justice Officer. Registration of indictment files. 1940/1941.	Well-used condition for this notebook of about 140 pages. Officer Troyes wrote down on 80 pages the names of the accused as well as their rank and weapon, the nature of the offense, the date of the hearing and - sometimes - the sentence imposed. On about thirty other pages are noted the summons of defendants, investigations to be carried out, interrogations, etc. Officer Troyes decorated his notebook with four pencil drawings: the Krak des Chevaliers in Lebanon, a street in Damascus, a street in Tripoli and a small drawing without captions.	N
1940-02-19 00:00:00	Capitaine Troyes, Tribunal Militaire de la 86 ème Division d'Infanterie.19/02/1940.	Captain Troyes, Military Tribunal of the 86th Infantry Division. 02/19/1940.	Application for authorization to ride. Captain Troyes, before being a military magistat, served in 1930 in Indochina as Lieutenant in Hà Tĩnh, Thanh Thủy and Huế. Well-used condition for this document.	Y
1940-03-21 00:00:00	Général Cazaban au Capitaine Troyes, 21 Mars 1940.	General Cazaban to Captain Troyes, March 21, 1940.	Horse riding authorization granted to unmounted officers.	N
1940-05-07 00:00:00	Sauf-Conduit de Madame Troyes (Samatan, Gers), femme du Capitaine Troyes, magistrat de juistice militaire à Oran.	Except-Conduit of Madame Troyes (Samatan, Gers), wife of Captain Troyes, magistrate of military justice in Oran.	Safe-conduct train and boat delivered to Auch and dated May 7, 1940, for the Samatan, Port-Vendres, Oran journey, valid for Mrs. Troyes and her three children. On the front, the following stamps: "Prefecture of Oran Algeria", "SPECIAL COMMISSARIAT OF THE PORT OF ORAN ON JUNE 18, 1941 EXIT VU EMBARQUEMENT", "SPECIAL COMMISSARIAT OF THE PORT OF ORAN ON 12 DEC 1940 Entrance VU DEBARQUEMENT", " SPECIAL COMMISSIONER Cerbère 20 JUNE 1941 Entry "and" COMMISSIONER 10 Dec. 1940 PORT-VENDRES EXIT ." The last two stamps could not be completely deciphered. A handwritten note at the bottom of the document reads "Validity extended for the return to France until June eighteenth nineteen hundred and forty-one." Well-worn condition.	N
1940-07-13 00:00:00	Carte postale adressée par un soldat belge cantonné à l'Isle-Jourdain, Gers, à Madame Troyes, Samatan, Gers	Postcard addressed by a Belgian soldier stationed at Isle-Jourdain, Gers, to Madame Troyes, Samatan, Gers	The author of the map writes that he has been confined to the Isle-Jourdain for about eighty years, that he hoped to make Madame Troyes a pleasant surprise by giving her news of Belgium, but, unfortunately, the information would determine their final departure. August. He adds that in l'Isle-Jourdain the reception was much less warm than the one Madame Troyes had given him in Samatan.	N
1940-07-15 00:00:00	Lettre écrite par un soldat le 15 Juillet 1940 adressée à Madame Troyes, Samatan, Gers.	Letter written by a soldier on July 15, 1940 addressed to Madame Troyes, Samatan, Gers.	Handwritten letter of one recto page where the soldier writes, without situating the place: "We had not yet arrived at our destination that the French command communicated to us to withdraw. It was then that we witnessed a retreat worse than that. of Russia. The officers sped off in cars, the soldiers abandoned on their own initiative were demoralized. They threw the rifles because the ammunition was lacking. No supplies, no meals under the intense bombardment of the enemy ."	N
1940-07-22 00:00:00	Tibunal Militaire d'Oran. Troyes, Officier de Justice Militaire. Enregistrement des dossiers d'inculpation. 1940/1941.	Military Tibunal of Oran. Troyes, Military Justice Officer. Registration of indictment files. 1940/1941.	Well-used condition for this notebook of about 140 pages. Officer Troyes noted on 80 pages the names of the accused as well as their rank and their weapon, the nature of the offense, the date of the hearing and - sometimes - the sentence imposed. About thirty other pages are noted convocations of accused, investigations to conduct, interrogations, etc. Officer Troyes adorned his notebook with four pencil drawings: the Krak of the Knights in Lebanon, a street in Damascus, a street in Tripoli and a small untitled drawing.	N
1940-09-15 00:00:00	Armée du Levant, Tripoli. Troyes, (lieutenant en Indochine à Hà Tinh (1931), etc	Army of the Levant, Tripoli. Troyes, (lieutenant in Indochina at Hà Tinh (1931), etc.	Typescript document of two front pages. The author of the text, anonymous, makes a eulogistic portrait of Commandant Vérin, "the soul of the 5th calabash", of Lieutenant Gouan, of Captain Troyes, of Captain Valle, quotes the departure from Oran on September 10, 1939 on the 'El-Kantara, who arrived in Beirut five days later, recalls the painful times in France and hopes for her resurrection. All the officers mentioned above were part of the Permanent Military Tribunal of Oran. At the end of the text, he quotes Captain Bourmaud and Warrant Officer Lebranchu. Folds, foxing and marginal paper gaps on two pages with slight damage to the text. The document comes from the personal papers of Lieutenant-Colonel Troyes and has been annotated by him.	N
1941-02-10 00:00:00	Tribunal de Saint-Louis, Sénégal. Procureur de la République. Avis de Recherches	Court of Saint-Louis, Senegal. District Attorney. Research Notice	Wanted notice, which includes the designation of the delegated authorities: the Head of subdivision in Rosso, the Head of post in Nouakchott, the District Commander in Akjoujt, the District Commander in Atar, the Head of Post at Fort-Gouraud and the Head of Subdivision in Chinguetti as well as the dates of receipt and transmission of the search notice. On the back, the document was reused by Lieutenant Troyes, as a draft letter notifying that his wife, who had been a passenger on the S / S Porthos, sunk in Casablanca by the "Massachussets" in November 1942, had not been able to get there. present to receive his jewelry recovered from the "Porthos."	Y
1941-06-11 00:00:00	Tribunal Militaire Permanent d'Oran. Capitaine Troyes. Contestation d'une décision. Oran	Permanent Military Tribunal of Oran. Captain Troyes. Contestation of a decision. Oran	Important lack of paper without affecting the text for this document where Troyes contests the refusal made to his family and to him of a free passage for a leave in metropolitan France (free zone).	N
1941-06-11 00:00:00	Tribunal Militaire Permanent d'Oran. Capitaine Troyes. Contestation d'une décision.	Permanent Military Tribunal of Oran. Captain Troyes. Contestation of a decision.	Significant lack of paper without affecting the text for this document where Troyes contests the refusal made to his family and to him of a free passage with a view to a leave in metropolitan France (free zone).	N
1941-06-17 00:00:00	Tribunal Militaire d'Oran. Permission de 30 Jours, pour Troyes (rang de Capitaine). Oran pour Samatan, Gers.	Military Tribunal of Oran. Permission of 30 Days, for Troyes (rank of Captain). Oran for Samatan, Gers.	Document of one double-sided page. Troyes specifies that he left on 12/09/41 for Saigon on the Eridan, but, after 8 days at sea, detour to Dakar.Stamps on the back, "COMMISSARIAT SPECIAL Cerbère 20 JUNE 1941 Entrance PORT-Vendres", "Depot of the Isolates of Oran service of embarkations", with the mention "Seen good to embark on the Vapeur GG Laferrière leaving from Oran", "Cie de Navigation Mixte JUNE 18, 1941 Oran Agency ."	N
1941-08-15 00:00:00	Secrétariat d'Etat à la Guerre. Général Huntziger. Chamallières.Troyes, Justice Militaire	Secretary of State for War. General Huntziger. Chamallières.Troyes, Military Justice	One page document relating to the assignment of Lieutenant (or Captain) Troyes as magistrate at the military tribunal of Saigon and to Edmond Each, Lieutenant of Infantry, "appointed as a trainee at the Military Tribunal of Hanoi."Colonel Troyes served as Lieutenant in Hà Tinh, Thanh Thủy, Hué. The annotations in pencil are in his hand.Well-worn condition.	Y
1941-09-02 00:00:00	Etat Francais. Ministère des Colonies. Clermont-Ferrand. Embarquement pour l'Indochine. Capitaine Troyes.	French State. Ministry of Colonies. Clermont-Ferrand. Embarkation for Indochina. Captain Troyes.	Embarkation in Marseille on the s / s Eridan bound for Indochina. The document is classified "Secret." Captain Troyes served as Lieutenant in Hà Tinh, Thanh Thủy, Hué.Well-worn condition	N
1942-01-02 00:00:00	Permis d'Importation d'Armes et de Munitions. Troyes, Juge d'Instuction au Tribunal Militaire. Dakar, 1942.	Weapons and Ammunition Import Permit. Troyes, Judge of Instigation at the Military Tribunal. Dakar, 1942.	Folds and tears with and without a lack of paper.	Y
1942-02-17 00:00:00	Conseiller de Justice militaire Troyes. Autorisation de passage par aéronef, Dakar à Abidjan. Dakar	Counselor of Military Justice Troyes. Passage authorization by aircraft, Dakar to Abidjan. Dakar	Well-worn condition.	N
1942-10-23 00:00:00	De Bollardière à Madame Troyes, femme du Capitaine Troyes (servit dès 1931 à Hà Tinh, Thanh Thuy, Hué, etc). S/S Porthos	From Bollardière to Madame Troyes, wife of Captain Troyes (served from 1931 in Hà Tinh, Thanh Thuy, Hué, etc.). S / S Porthos	Extract from the Memorandum dated October 23, 1942 from the Military Commissioner Regulator of the Port of Dakar. The S / S Porthos was sunk on November 8, 1942 in Casablanca by a salvo from the Massachussets.	Y
1942-11-07 00:00:00	Marine Nationale. Le Porthos. Capitaine Troyes (qui servit à Hà Tinh,etc.). Casablanca	Navy. The Porthos. Captain Troyes (who served in Hà Tinh, etc.). Casablanca	Authorization to go ashore in Casablanca on November 7, 1942, from 7 a.m. to midnight, for the benefit of Madame Troyes, wife of Captain Troyes.The Porthos was bombed by the US Navy on the night of November 7-8, 1942.Well-used condition for this document from the personal papers of Troyes and annotated by the latter.	Y
1942-12-17 00:00:00	Troupes Du Maroc. Lieutenant-Colonel Guichet au Lieutenant Troyes, Dakar.. S/S Porthos.	Troops from Morocco. Lieutenant-Colonel Guichet au Lieutenant Troyes, Dakar .. S / S Porthos.	Stamped with "deposit of the colonial isolates of Casablanca." The letter, addressed to the Deputy Military Justice Advisor Troyes indicates that his wife, who had been a passenger on the S / S Porthos, sunk in Casablanca by the "Massachussets" in November 1942, "came personally to recognize some of his cabin baggage. ." To the courier is stapled its shipping envelope with the stamp "Dépôt des Isolés Coloniaux de Casablanca Service des Passagers" and the stamp "DITC de Marseille."	N
1943-01-05 00:00:00	Secrétariat d'Etat à la Marine. Service de Liquidation à Madame Troyes, Dakar, évacuée du S/S Porthos.	Secretary of State for the Navy. Liquidation service at Madame Troyes, Dakar, evacuated from S / S Porthos.	Well-worn condition for this document with the stamp "Secretary of State for the Navy Directorate of Maritime Transport in Morocco." The letter, addressed to Madame Troyes, who had been a passenger on the S / S Porthos, sunk in Casablanca by the "Massachussets" in November 1942, tells her that a "detailed inventory of personal items recovered from this ship" - including her jewelry- will be made and the result will be passed on to him.	N
1943-03-22 00:00:00	Carte d'identité	ID card		Y
1943-07-16 00:00:00	Croix-Rouge Française. Télégramme envoyé de Dakar à Samatan, Gers Lieutenant Troyes	French Red Cross. Telegram sent from Dakar to Samatan, Gers Lieutenant Troyes	Well-worn condition. Troyes, before becoming a military justice officer, had started as a lieutenant in Hà-Thinh, Thanh Thủy, Hué, etc.	N
1943-10-18 00:00:00	Croix-Rouge Française. Télégramme envoyé de Dakar à Samatan, Gers. Lieutenant Troyes	French Red Cross. Telegram sent from Dakar to Samatan, Gers. Lieutenant Troyes	Well-worn condition. Troyes, before becoming a military justice officer, had started as a lieutenant in Hà-Thinh, Thanh Thủy, Hué, etc.	Y
1943-12-06 00:00:00	Croix-Rouge Française. Télégramme envoyé de Dakar à Samatan, Gers. Lieutenant Troyes	French Red Cross. Telegram sent from Dakar to Samatan, Gers. Lieutenant Troyes	Well-worn condition. Troyes, before becoming a military justice officer, had started as a lieutenant in Hà-Thinh, Thanh Thủy, Hué, etc.	N
1945-05-09 00:00:00	Croix-Rouge Française. Télégramme envoyé de Dakar à Samatan, Gers. Lieutenant Troyes	French Red Cross. Telegram sent from Dakar to Samatan, Gers. Lieutenant Troyes	Well-worn condition. Troyes, before becoming a military justice officer, had started as a lieutenant in Hà-Thinh, Thanh Thủy, Hué, etc.	N
1945-05-21 00:00:00	Saigon. Restaurant du Cercle Militaire. Colonel Troyes.	Saigon. Restaurant of the Military Circle. Colonel Troyes.	Folds and foxing on this menu from the archives of Colonel Troyes. The prices are indicated in piastres.Colonel Troyes served as Lieutenant in Hà Tinh, Thanh Thủy, Hué.	N
1945-06-05 00:00:00	Troupes Coloniales. Colonel Guichet au Commandant de Justice militaire Troyes, Dakar	Colonial troops. Colonel Guichet to the Military Justice Commander Troyes, Dakar	Well-used condition for this document with the stamp "depot of the isolated colonials of Marseille Le Major." The letter, addressed to the presiding officer of the Military Tribunal of Dakar, is a search request from the Commander of Military Justice Troyes in order to send him relief of 20,000 francs allocated "as a victim of S / S Porthos." The wife of Troyes had been a passenger on the S / S Porthos, sunk in Casablanca by the "Massachussets" in November 1942. We enclose with a note of October 29, 42 where the Commander Troyes indicating that his family having been evacuated on the liner Porthos on October 28, 1942, he requested a hotel room to replace his accommodation located at 74 avenue William Ponty (Dakar). The handwritten inscriptions are from his hand.	N
1945-06-06 00:00:00	Commandant Troyes (qui servit comme lieutenant à Hà-Tinh, etc). Contrôle des combustibles.	Commander Troyes (who served as lieutenant in Hà-Tinh, etc.). Fuel control.	Map showing the dates -from June 6, 1945 to November 5, 1945- the voucher numbers used and the quantity of gasoline obtained.Well-worn condition.	N
1945-06-06 00:00:00	Croix-Rouge Française.Télégramme envoyé de Dakar à Toulouse, Gers. Madame Troyes. S/S Porthos	French Red Cross Telegram sent from Dakar to Toulouse, Gers. Madame Troyes. S / S Porthos	Well-worn condition. Madame Troyes, passenger of the S / S Porthos, sunk on November 8, 1942 in Casablanca, declares the loss of her savings account booklet. Her husband, Yves Troyes, before becoming a military justice officer, had started as a lieutenant in Hà-Thinh, Thanh Thủy, Hué, etc. The notations in pencil are in his hand,	N
1945-07-20 00:00:00	Troupes Coloniales. Colonel Guichet au Commandant de Justice militaire Troyes, Dakar	Colonial troops. Colonel Guichet to the Military Justice Commander Troyes, Dakar	Used document with the stamp "deposit of the isolated T.C. Marseille Le Major." The letter, addressed to the Commander of Military Justice Troyes indicates to him that the sum of 20,000 francs is allotted to him "under the title of the war damages to the maritime victims." The wife of Troyes had been a passenger on the S / S Porthos, sunk in Casablanca by the "Massachussets" in November 1942. We enclose with the extract from the memo dated 23 October 42 indicating the embarkation on the Porthos of Madame Troyes and her three children. Troyes served as a lieutenant in the early 1930s in Hà-Tinh, Thanh Thủy, Hué, then became a military legal officer. The handwritten inscriptions on the documents are in his hand.	N
1948-01-01 00:00:00	Commandant Troyes (qui servit comme lieutenant à Hà-Tinh, etc) 1944. Général Boisboissel. Cercle des Officiers de Dakar.	Commander Troyes (who served as lieutenant in Hà-Tinh, etc.) 1944. General Boisboissel. Circle of Officers of Dakar.	Invitation card to a dance party in 11x14 format. On the back, stamp of the Military Circle of Officers of Dakar. The inscription in pencil is in the hand of Troyes who, at retirement, annotated his personal papers.Good condition.	N
1949-03-08 00:00:00	Procès Hans Bruno, condamné à mort pour 6 assassinats à Chanteloup, Troyes, (lieutenant en Indochine à Hà Tinh (1931)	Trial Hans Bruno, sentenced to death for 6 assassinations in Chanteloup, Troyes, (lieutenant in Indochina in Hà Tinh (1931)	Photograph in 9x12cm format taken at the Permanent Military Tribunal of Bordeaux. Colonel Troyes is on the right in the photo. On the front, he wrote: "TMP Bordeaux. At the hearing on March 8, 1949 where the German captain Hans Bruno was sentenced to death (firing the Chanteloup village and murder of six inhabitants)." Good condition of the photograph.	Y
1950-01-01 00:00:00	Cercle des Officiers de Landau. Colonel Troyes (servit à Hà-Tinh, Thahn-Thuy, Hué), 2e Tribunal Militaire.	Circle of Landau Officers. Colonel Troyes (served in Hà-Tinh, Thahn-Thuy, Hué), 2nd Military Tribunal.	Good condition of this "Les Gaulois du Pont Romain de Reghaia" fishing card.	N
1950-01-01 00:00:00	Troyes (servit comme Lieutenant dès 1931 à Hà Tinh, Thanh Thuy, Hué, etc). Cinéma Bonard, Saigon.	Troyes (served as Lieutenant from 1931 in Hà Tinh, Thanh Thuy, Hué, etc.). Bonard Cinema, Saigon.	Flyer for the screening of the film "La Maison des Sept Jeunes Filles", a comedy by Albert Valentin adapted from a short story by Simenon.The prospectus comes from the personal papers of Lieutenant-Colonel Troyes. Text in French and Vietnamese. The prospectus comes from the personal papers of Lieutenant-Colonel Troyes. Text in French and Vietnamese.A stain on the front and back. Good condition	N
1951-04-18 00:00:00	Procès de Guy de Lavaissière de Verduzan, accusé de trahison, Troyes, (lieutenant en Indochine à Hà Tinh (1931).	Trial of Guy de Lavaissière de Verduzan, accused of treason, Troyes, (lieutenant in Indochina at Hà Tinh (1931).	Photograph in 12x18 format. Troyes is on the right in the photo. Wavy appearance of the photograph and traces of rust from a paper clip. On the back, Troyes wrote: "April 18, 1951. At the hearing (Guy de Lavaissière de Verduzan affair) accused of treason."Photograph in 12x18 format. Troyes is on the right in the photo. Wavy appearance of the photograph and traces of rust from a paper clip. On the back, Troyes wrote: "April 18, 1951. At the hearing (Guy de Lavaissière de Verduzan affair) accused of treason."	N
1952-03-03 00:00:00	Général Humbert au Lieutenant-Colonel Troyes (servit comme Lieutenant à Hà Tinh,Thanh-Thuy, etc).	General Humbert to Lieutenant-Colonel Troyes (served as Lieutenant in Hà Tinh, Thanh Thủy, etc.).	Good condition for this invitation to use a box reserved at the Théâtre de Bordeaux for the evening of March 3, 1952. Stamp "4th Military Region The Chief of Staff The General Commandant."This invitation, which does not bear the name of Troyes, is annotated by him.	N
1952-07-14 00:00:00	Général Jean Humbert. Lieutenant-Colonel Troyes (servit comme Lieutenant à Hà Tinh,Thanh-Thuy, etc).	General Jean Humbert. Lieutenant-Colonel Troyes (served as Lieutenant in Hà Tinh, Thanh Thủy, etc.).	Good condition of this invitation sent by the Commandant d'Armes de la Place de Bordeaux to Madame Troyes, wife of Lieutenant-Colonel Troyes.	N
1953-01-01 00:00:00	Général Humbert au Colonel Troyes (servit comme Lieutenant à Hà Tinh,Thanh-Thuy, etc).	General Humbert to Colonel Troyes (served as Lieutenant at Hà Tinh, Thanh Thủy, etc.).	Good condition for this invitation to a cocktail given at the Headquarters, Rue Vital-Carles in Bordeaux.	N
1953-03-06 00:00:00	allotment militaire de vestements	allotment of military jackets		N
1953-07-14 00:00:00	Général Humbert et Préfet Gironde au Lieutenant-Colonel Troyes ( Lieutenant à Hà Tinh, Thanh-Thuy etc).	General Humbert and Prefect Gironde to Lieutenant-Colonel Troyes (Lieutenant in Hà Tinh, Thanh Thủy etc).	Good condition of this invitation with the stamp "Place de Bordeaux Inspecteur Militaire Commandant Défense."	Y
1953-07-22 00:00:00	Direction Gendarmerie et Justice Militaire au Colonel Troyes (servit comme Lieutenant à Hà Tinh, etc)	Direction Gendarmerie and Military Justice to Colonel Troyes (served as Lieutenant in Hà Tinh, etc.)	Letter written on both sides on one business card "Direction de la Gendarmerie et de la Justice Militaire - Joint Service of Military Justice of the Armed Forces", format 10.5x13.5. the writer, whose signature is illegible, evokes the departure of Troyes for the Military Court of Cassation of Saigon, departure which does not suit the latter, departure due to the maneuvers of a "young bitch" who "could not chat as she did even in the corridors of the Tribunal, that endowed with a great certainty that it was wrong to leave her, whatever one might think. " The writer adds: "I come to hate this gossip and we know it well elsewhere in the House, because I proclaim it, that for some time now they have been hiding a lot of things from me." He adds that it will be a sacrifice for Troyes to go back to the Colony for the fourth time, but this will allow him to obtain his fifth full stripe and that he should not imagine that the management holds him responsible for anything and that 'he did not deserve any reproach.It emerges from this letter that the appointment of Troyes in Saigon would be the result of maneuvers by a "young bitch."	N
1954-01-01 00:00:00	Saigon. Restaurant du Cercle Militaire.. Colonel Troyes.	Saigon. Restaurant of the Military Circle .. Colonel Troyes.	Folds and foxing on this menu from the archives of Colonel Troyes. The prices are indicated in piastres.Colonel Troyes served as Lieutenant in Hà Tinh, Thanh Thủy, Hué.	N
1954-01-01 00:00:00	Invitation au Colonel Troyes. Hommage à Colette et à Henri Matisse. Saigon	Invitation to Colonel Troyes. Homage to Colette and Henri Matisse. Saigon	Good condition	N
1954-01-01 00:00:00	Colonel Troyes (qui fut lieutenant à Hà Tinh, Hué, etc...), Saïgon. Demande d'autorisation de monter à cheval.	Colonel Troyes (who was lieutenant in Hà Tinh, Huế, etc ...), Saigon. Application for authorization to ride a horse.	Mail addressed to Colonel Inspector of Armored Weapons and Cavalry.Troyes added with pencil that this request for authorization was aimed at the Cercle Hippique Saïgonnais.	N
1954-02-18 00:00:00	Colonel Yves Troyes, Commissaire du Gouvernement. En route par bateau vers Saigon.	Colonel Yves Troyes, Government Commissioner. On the way by boat to Saigon.	One-page double-sided letter to his wife. The Colonel, on his way to Saigon by boat, writes that he was shaken by an attack of dysentery due to the heat, the artificial ventilation and "this food so bad." He specifies that "on this Indochina line, it is no longer the trips that you have known. They are more troop transports. Civilians are rare, most of the English going to India. The dining room is half empty. On the way back, the boat will be full, they say. I only put on my white outfit once for the gala dinner for the feast for the benefit of the works of the sea. Otherwise, we wear khaki." The Colonel evokes the possibility of bringing his wife to Saigon: "There would be a few rare officers in Saigon who managed to bring their wives at their own expense, with a fictitious employment contract. The difficult thing is to find this contract." The Colonel specifies that the mail he writes will be posted in Colombo and that he smokes hundreds of American cigarettes bought in Djibouti.	N
1954-02-18 00:00:00	Colonel Yves Troyes, Government Commissioner. On the way by boat to Saigon.	Colonel Yves Troyes, Government Commissioner. On the way by boat to Saigon.	One-page double-sided letter to his wife. The Colonel, on his way to Saigon by boat, writes that he was shaken by an attack of dysentery due to the heat, the artificial ventilation and "this food so bad." He specifies that "on this Indochina line, it is no longer the trips that you have known. They are more troop transports. Civilians are rare, most of the English going to India. The dining room is at half empty. On the way back, the boat will be full, they say. I only put on my white outfit once for the gala dinner for the feast for the benefit of the works of the sea. Otherwise, we wear persimmon ." The Colonel evokes the possibility of bringing his wife to Saigon: "There would be a few rare officers in Saigon who managed to bring their wives at their expense, with a fictitious employment contract. The difficult thing is to find this contract." The Colonel specifies that the mail he writes will be posted in Colombo and that he smokes hundreds of American cigarettes bought in Djibouti.	Y
1954-03-06 00:00:00	Colonel Troyes, Saigon. Lettre à sa mère.	Colonel Troyes, Saigon. Letter to his mother.	Handwritten letter of a double-sided page. Apart from the words specific to his family, The Colonel explains that "Gidon stays with me until the end of the month ... He gives me the instructions. The cassation work is very new for me and I will have difficulties for myself. In addition to the stops to be made, I have opinions to give as a technical advisor to Ht Command and the nature of the questions to be resolved requires a lot of knowledge and documentation. Troyes indicates where he is lodged, in a beautiful room next to the circle of officers and specifies: "In the same villa, lodges Colonel de Scorbiac but he is on a mission and I have not yet been able to see him. This accommodation is temporary. I will later be accommodated in another room and perhaps in a villa, with another Colonel. I take my meals at the club ... Accommodation is free, except for the rental of furniture at the Intendance. In town, life is expensive, very expensive even ... If you take a half, such or such establishment, it is 2 to 300 Francs ." He adds that "although the Colonels live here as lords" he could not refuse the invitation to eat made by a non-commissioned officer he had known in Bordeaux. He then mentions that with Gidon they went to a "Kolossal" gaming establishment: "It's wonderful, unique in terms of the variety of games and the crowd ... Before returning, we are searched to see if we are not transporting grenades ." He adds that we must be very careful about distractions, establishments of pleasure abound and "as said Guille, it is Sodom and Gomorrah." Evoking all these distractions, he remarks that "you really don't feel the war in Saigon." He indicates that he has lost his registration book where all his services are recorded.	N
1954-03-08 00:00:00	Colonel Troyes, Saigon (qui fut Lieutenant et Chef de poste à Thanh-Thuy, Tonkin) . Lettre à sa fille. 08/03/1954	Colonel Troyes, Saigon (who was Lieutenant and Chief of Post at Thanh Thủy, Tonkin). Letter to his daughter. 03/08/1954	Two-sided handwritten letter. The Colonel, who has just landed, describes the heavy traffic in Saigon, "almost like in Paris", ... in front of my room, it is the Boulevard Norodom and it is an uninterrupted series of vehicles ", talks about the nightlife in Cholon, Chinese city of Saigon, "it is full of extraordinary animation, buildings, restaurants, pleasure establishments, shops open until late in the night ... There is a long time that there is no hand grenades in Saigon. The big traders have to pay tithes to Vietminh! A friend made me see a gambling establishment. It's the Kolossal. What a crowd. There are quantities of game tables with different combinations. Fortunes are lost or earned every night ... Drinks and cigarettes are provided free of charge to players (those who play big) by the Directorate, ... we rent dancers by the hour, 100 piastres or 1000 francs The Colonel also evokes clubs, circles, expensive pools, for officer pay, talks about the library, very well supplied, the heavy heat day and night that makes him regret the climate of Huế or Tonkin, the 6 months of rain with torrents, specifies that one does not wear a pith helmet (any more) but a cap, that the rickshaws are no longer pulled by coolies but by bicycles or motorbikes, speaks of the table he shares with other officers, a second lieutenant who earns 40,000 Francs, an AFAT 45,000 Francs.The Colonel adds that the other evening he heard the mortars, that some roads are open and sometimes closed and that there is no question of going hunting or fishing. He finishes on family considerations. Usual folds to the letter.	N
1954-03-20 00:00:00	Lieutenant Troyes, servit à Hà Tinh, Thanh-Thuy, Hué, etc. A bord du Cap Varella. 20 Mars 1935. Lettre à ses parents	Lieutenant Troyes, served in Hà Tinh, Thanh Thủy, Hué, etc. On board the Cap Varella. March 20, 1935. Letter to his parents	Letter of four pages. The Lieutenant writes that they are very numerous on board, 125 in 1st class, "that is to say the full. We are accommodated in several in the cabins. Many households with children are separated, the men together and the women together. ." Troyes considers these conditions of considerable discomfort. He shares his cabin with two lieutenants and an administrator, which is hardly pleasant because they are piled up on top of each other. Troyes describes Cap Varella as a mediocre boat, struggling to sail her 11 knots. Rough seas from Marseille, passengers impatiently awaiting the stopover in Port Said ... "where we are approaching tomorrow." Good food on board, beauty of the Strait of Messina, Troyes, who was post chief at Thanh Thủy, meets aboard a captain "who had commanded as lieutenant" the same post and shares common memories with him. Troyes evokes the vulgarity of the majority of the passengers, "The Cap Varella being a boat for subordinate officers exclusively and for civil servants of starting situation", evokes with the assistant administrator (who had worked under the orders of the Resident Lagrèze) which shares his cabin, common memories of Hà Tinh: "He confirmed to me that Mr. Lagrèze had kept good memories of my police establishment ...." This deputy administrator currently commands the province of Vinh and Troyes - who was not yet titular - adds that if General Fresch does not take care of him, he will perhaps have recourse to the Resident Lagrèze ." Troyes describes the daily to board: "at 8:00 a.m., breakfast, talk in the cabin until 10:00 a.m., talk again on deck until noon, after lunch, nap until 4:00 a.m., tea and talk again until 7:00 a.m. Afterwards dinner, talk again until we yawn. ”The mail ends on the boat approaching Port Said and on family considerations.	N
1954-03-27 00:00:00	Colonel Troyes, Saigon. Lettre à Sa Soeur. 27 Mars 1954 - Documents	Colonel Troyes, Saigon. Letter to His Sister. March 27, 1934 - Documents	Handwritten letter of 4 pages. Apart from the words specific to his family, Colonel Troyes marvels at the precision and the speed of dispatch of the mail between Indochina and France: "I know for example that for this letter, the last survey is tomorrow Sunday at 12:30 and that 'it will take off from the "Tan Son Nhut" airfield ... at 3.45 p.m. Arrivals from France are scheduled and are within 1 minute! ." He largely evokes the financial difficulties with which his wife and him are confronted: "I had to live 2 months-February-March- without touching the salary of Indochina", which makes that his wife and him "exhausted until last sou the pay of France ." On his arrival he had to request a pay advance of 40,000 Francs which he will reimburse as well as part of the food on the boat and specifies that the Indochina pay does not start until the day we set foot in Indochina. He adds that fund transfers for France are highly regulated: "Before I arrived, we could send 25,000 Francs per month without formalities. As there were abuses, by nominees, it is deleted. The soldiers are required to have two savings bank books.On one is automatically entered a nest egg that cannot be recovered, on the other the beneficiary pays, through the army, the sums that he believes, in advance, each put, to be able to put aside ." The procedure is long and complicated and requires a delay of two to three months. The whole end of the mail is devoted to money issues.	N
1954-03-29 00:00:00	Colonel Troyes, Saigon. Lettre à son fils.	Colonel Troyes, Saigon. Letter to his son.	Handwritten letter of one double-sided page. Apart from the words specific to his family, Colonel Troyes sketches his daily life, the oven heat which prevents him from sleeping, an herbal tea or a pint of beer in the evening at the bar of the military circle, which he reads a lot in order to find sleep, indicates that the library is very well supplied, "even with new books." In the reading room, "there are the newspapers and I believe all the main magazines in France." Afternoon nap from 13h30 to 15h30, then the Peugeot 203 takes him to the office around 3:45 p.m. "where he drinks hot tea. At 6 o'clock, I leave and return to my room. civilian and at 7:30 a.m., meal. It's monotonous ." He says of Sunday: .".. I don't know what to do ... In the afternoon around 5:00, I go for a walk ... I always took the same walk, at the Botanical Garden, which is near my home ", where he sees elephants, tigers, bears, birds and" along the arroyo, there are some shrimp fishermen ." He then talks about the walks out of Saigon which his driver told him were not highly recommended. He adds that however, there are two or three places he goes, "Basically you have to be two armed men plus the driver."	N
1954-04-03 00:00:00	Colonel Troyes, Saigon. Lettre à sa mère.	Colonel Troyes, Saigon. Letter to his mother.	Handwritten letter of one double-sided page. Apart from the words specific to his family, Colonel Troyes wrote: "This is 1 month ago. More than 23 to go!!", evokes an officer named Gidon (or Gidou) "who has happily added more than four years with the most complete satisfaction and who would have remained, if he had not been obliged to return, "an officer in no hurry to return to find his wife and his son" since he is going on a cruise in Japan. He has lived here a life of 'a desperate monotony, but enough for him, his satisfaction being to eat well ." He evokes the equestrian club where he has not yet gone, being afraid "of being dragged into expensive expenses or relationships", speaks of the reading room of the military circle, specifies that the helmet is no longer worn at Saigon, only a few natives, "especially the coolies shoots, who still wear them." He adds that "In my day, we wore helmets constantly, even in town. It is no longer in fashion. In the bush, soldiers wear a cowboy hat, which is not lacking in allure. In combat, it is the steel helmet ." The letter ends with Lieutenant-Colonel Bernard de Scorbiac, whom Colonel Troyes has not seen again: "In reality, he is not assigned to Saigon, but he comes from time to time and in this case precisely going down to the "Norodom Hotel where I am now ."	N
1954-04-04 00:00:00	Colonel Troyes, Saigon. Lettre à sa femme.	Colonel Troyes, Saigon. Letter to his wife.	Handwritten letter of one double-sided page. Apart from the words specific to his family, Colonel Troyes evokes his 2-year stay: "A month's stay ... Another 23 others. It will be endless ... without you!", Evokes his Sunday walk at the Botanical Garden, the car rides 30 kilometers from Saigon: "It is absolutely safe, they say. However, no one at the table wants to accompany me.", says the absence of distraction, the high cost of drinks: "Yesterday I I stopped at La Pagode, a chic little cafe on rue Catinat. Had a bock. 220 F. plus tip. Fortunately, at the military circle, a bottle of beer is only 80 F. and a bock is 30 F. I understand why Gidon didn't show me around Cholon's big dancing café, the smallest drink is 800 F. ." Further on, he speaks of the copious menus of the circle and of the free military swimming pool "next to my house", of the exorbitant price of a bathing suit, 250 piastres or 2500 Francs, of the military post office from which the plane leaves 12 Hours 30.	Y
1954-04-04 00:00:00	Colonel Troyes, Saigon. Lettre à sa femme.	Colonel Troyes, Saigon. Letter to his wife.	Handwritten letter of one double-sided page. Apart from the words specific to his family, Colonel Troyes evokes his two-year stay: "A month's stay ... Another 23 others. It will be endless ... without you!", Evokes his Sunday walk in the Botanical Garden, the car rides 30 kilometers from Saigon: "It is absolutely safe, they say. However, no one at the table wants to accompany me.", says the absence of distraction, the high cost of drinks: "Yesterday I I stopped at the Pagode, a chic little cafe on rue Catinat. Had a bock. 220 F. plus tip. Fortunately, at the military circle, a bottle of beer is only 80 F. and a bock is 30 F. I understand why Gidon didn't show me around Cholon's big dancing café, the smallest consumption is 800 F. ." Further on, he speaks of the copious menus of the circle and of the free military swimming pool "next to my house", of the exorbitant price of a swimming trunks, 250 piastres or 2500 Francs, of the military postal office from which the plane leaves at 12:30 p.m.	Y
1954-05-01 00:00:00	Colonel Troyes (qui fut lieutenant à Hà Tinh, Hué, etc...), Saïgon, 2 photographies.	Colonel Troyes (who was lieutenant in Hà Tinh, Hué, etc ...), Saigon, 2 photographs.	A 6.5x9 photograph representing a group with Troyes on the right and a 5.5x8 photograph representing a young Vietnamese woman, both from Colonel Troyes' personal papers. On the back of the first photo, is indicated in ballpoint pen: "May 1954- Saigon." The second photo does not contain anything that could identify the young woman.	N
1954-06-02 00:00:00	Colonel Yves Troyes, Commissaire du Gouvernement. Saigon.	Colonel Yves Troyes, Government Commissioner. Saigon.	One-page double-sided letter to his wife. The Colonel devotes 17 lines to the explosions "which took place the other night in Saigon. It is a very important ammunition depot which blew up. A first explosion took place around 4 a.m., then two others between 4:00am and 5:00am. They were great and the blast was comparable to an earthquake. It still blows in small isolated lots and it will last again tonight or tomorrow ... ." He then writes: "Today I attended an imposing review of the Vietnamese troops and a brilliant reception at the Council's house. I called an admiral general, mistook an aviator colonel for a sailor ... Finally I I lost my car at the Government Palace ... Colonel Bertin ... brought me home. He is currently Head of the French Mission in Vietnam. And he followed the Vietanmese course with me in Toulouse ." He adds that he will be riding with Arnaud d'Antin (this is Arnaud d'Antin de Vaillac, frigate captain in the French Navy and owning a castle in Samatan, Gers, where Troyes is from ). The rest of the mail is devoted to family relationships.	N
1954-06-06 00:00:00	Cercle Hippique Saïgonnais au Colonel Troyes (qui fut lieutenant à Hà Tinh, Hué, etc...), Saïgon	Cercle Hippique Saïgonnais to Colonel Troyes (who was lieutenant in Hà Tinh, Hué, etc ...), Saïgon	Mail addressed to Colonel Troyes - whose name is not mentioned - but the document comes from his personal papers and must be linked to the request for authorization made by Colonel Troyes on June 1 of the same year. The letter, which confirms the admission of Troyes to the Cercle Hippique, is signed by the secretary of the Board of Directors, J. P. Bied.	N
1954-06-11 00:00:00	Tribunal Militaire Permanent d'Oran. Capitaine Troyes. Contestation d'une décision.	Permanent Military Tribunal of Oran. Captain Troyes. Contestation of a decision.	Important lack of paper without affecting the text for this document where Troyes contests the refusal made to his family and to him of a free passage for a permission in metropolitan France (free zone).	N
1954-06-16 00:00:00	Colonel Troyes, Saigon. Lettre à sa femme.	Colonel Troyes, Saigon. Letter to his wife.	Handwritten letter of 4 pages (11x14.5). Apart from the words specific to his family, the Colonel evokes his Commander who, according to Colonel Troyes' mother looks like a clown and according to the Colonel's wife like a "cook." For Troyes, his Commander is an unbearable maniac who cannot stand the slightest minute of delay. The Tribunal having only a car, Troyes is obliged to align itself with the mania of its Commander, "regulated like paper with music." The Colonel even opened up to the General Staff and asked for a second car because he also provides transport for the typists. Troyes talks about Nussy Saint-Saens, magistrate and grand-nephew of the composer, who wronged him (he would be responsible as well as a gblond goofball and people to whom he did nothing of his assignment in Saigon) . Nussy Saint-Saens chaired in January 1953 in Bordeaux the trial of the Alsatians responsible for the massacre of Oradour-sur-Glane.	N
1954-06-21 00:00:00	Autorisation de voyage en Algérie et au Sahara, Troyes, (lieutenant en Indochine à Hà Tinh (1931),Thanh-Thuy, Hué, etc	Authorization to travel to Algeria and the Sahara, Troyes, (lieutenant in Indochina at Hà Tinh (1931), Thanh Thủy, Hué, etc.	Exemption from travel authorization for military families, with or without head of family, for trips between France, Algeria or the Sahara. June 21, 1958.The document comes from the personal papers of Lieutenant-Colonel Troyes and has been annotated by him.	N
1954-07-14 00:00:00	Invitation à la fête de 14 Juillet	Invitation to the July 14 party		N
1954-07-17 00:00:00	Direction Gendarmerie et Justice Militaire au Colonel Troyes (servit comme Lieutenant à Hà Tinh, etc).	Direction Gendarmerie and Military Justice to Colonel Troyes (served as Lieutenant in Hà Tinh, etc).	Letter written on both sides on tswo business cards "Direction de la Gendarmerie et de la Justice Militaire - Joint Service of Military Justice of the Armed Forces", format 10.5x13.5. the writer, whose signature is illegible, explains to Colonel Troyes, Government Commissioner at the Bordeaux TMP, how to obtain compensation from the intendant for his personal car, evokes the departure from Troyes for the Military Court of Cassation of Saigon, departure which does not suit the latter, speaks of the new military judicial organization which will follow the decree creating the Courts of the Armed Forces. The end of the letter is devoted to interpersonal relations.	Y
1954-07-21 00:00:00	Colonel Yves Troyes, Commissaire du Gouvernement. Saigon.	Colonel Yves Troyes, Government Commissioner. Saigon.	One-sided letter to his wife. The Colonel writes: "The radio has just announced the" cease-fire. "Only the Vietnamese do not seem satisfied. However Saigon is calm. Moreover, all effective security measures having been taken, there is no no need to worry ." The rest of the mail relates to family relationships.	N
1954-07-21 00:00:00	Colonel Yves Troyes, Commissaire du Gouvernement. Saigon.	Colonel Yves Troyes, Government Commissioner. Saigon.	One-sided letter to his wife. The Colonel writes: "The radio has just announced the" cease-fire. "Only the Vietnamese do not seem satisfied. However, Saigon is calm. Moreover, all effective security measures having been taken, there is no no need to worry ." The rest of the mail relates to family relationships.	Y
1954-07-21 00:00:00	Colonel Yves Troyes, Commissaire du Gouvernement. Saigon.	Colonel Yves Troyes, Government Commissioner. Saigon.	One-sided letter to his wife. The Colonel writes: "The radio has just announced the" cease-fire. "Only the Vietnamese do not seem satisfied. However Saigon is calm. Moreover, all effective security measures having been taken, there is no no need to worry ." The rest of the mail relates to family relationshipsOne-sided letter to his wife.	Y
1954-09-01 00:00:00	Colonel Troyes (servit comme Lieutenant à Hà-Tinh, Thanh-Thuy, Hué, etc). Club Hippique Saïgonnais.	Colonel Troyes (served as Lieutenant in Hà-Tinh, Thanh Thủy, Hué, etc.). Saigon Equestrian Club.	Good condition of this photograph in 6x9 format. Colonel Troyes wrote on the back: "Club hippique saigonnais-September 1954 on" Colti ."	N
1954-09-10 00:00:00	Colonel Troyes, Saigon. Lettre à sa femme.	Colonel Troyes, Saigon. Letter to his wife.	Handwritten letter of one double-sided page. Apart from the words specific to his family, the Colonel writes to have "visited the American hospital ship which brings back to France sick, wounded and released prisoners" and adds that he took care of the assignment of another driver, his having passed to the Viets, "they will give me another one, as well as a jeep." He talks about the benefits given to "full" colonels, cheaper American cigarettes and, as a member of the horse circle, "cheap whiskey." At the mess table, he is next to a clerk and a medical colonel. He can't stand the mentality of the clerks and doesn't even greet himself with the Colonel doctor.	Y
1954-10-07 00:00:00	Commandement en Chef de l'Indochine. Lieutenant-Colonel Troyes, (servit à Hà Tinh,Thanh-Thuy, Hué, etc).	Indochina Commander-in-Chief. Lieutenant-Colonel Troyes, (served in Hà Tinh, Thanh Thủy, Huế, etc.).	Mail to his mother. In addition to the passages relating to the Troyes family, the Lieutenant-Colonel writes: "Gérard d'Antin invited me to lunch Sunday with Jacques and Arnaud on board the sloop Amyot d'Endrille - an approximating name - which he commands ." It is in fact the Amyot d'Inville. Jacques and Arnaud d'Antin de Vaillac are Gérard's brothers. Gérard d'Antin entered the Ecole Navale in 1930. He was appointed to command the Amyot in June 1954. The Antin de Vaillac family owned a castle in Samatan, Gers, where the Lieutenant-Colonel Troyes is from.	N
1954-10-09 00:00:00	Commandement en Chef de l'Indochine. Lieutenant-Colonel Troyes, (servit à Hà Tinh,Thanh-Thuy, Hué, etc).	Indochina Commander-in-Chief. Lieutenant-Colonel Troyes, (served in Hà Tinh, Thanh Thủy, Huế, etc.).	Mail to his mother. In addition to the passages relating to the Troyes family, the Lieutenant-Colonel evokes the broken leg of a captain, his repatriation on board the hospital ship "Oregon", his wife -professor in Saigon- accompanying him and returning at his expense and " at the last moment, she was on the verge of being disembarked because she was not military ."	Y
1954-10-20 00:00:00	Permission d'entrer aux terrains de Shell Oil, Nha Be	Permission to enter Shell Oil land, Nha Be		Y
1954-10-27 00:00:00	Commandement en Chef de l'Indochine. Colonel Troyes, (servit à Hà Tinh,Thanh-Thuy, Hué, etc).	Indochina Commander-in-Chief. Colonel Troyes, (served in Hà Tinh, Thanh Thủy, Huế, etc.).	Mail to his mother. In addition to the passages relating to the Troyes family, the Colonel evokes a lunch in the company of Arnaud d'Antin de Vaillac and his brother Jacques: "caviar, French trout and flambé snipe." Troyes specifies that Jacques is assigned to Bien Hoa, 30 kilometers from Saigon. Arnaud d'Antin de Vaillac received the Biguet Prize for his work "Pou Yi, the Last Emperor of China." The Antin de Vaillac family owns a castle in Samatan, Gers, where Colonel Troyes is from. Arnaud who joined the Navy in 1928 is also the author of the book "Les Canonnières du Yang-tsé."	N
1954-10-28 00:00:00	Colonel Troyes (qui fut Lieutenant et Chef de poste à Thanh-Thuy, Tonkin) . Permission pour Ming-Tang. 28/10/1954	Colonel Troyes (who was Lieutenant and Chief of post in Thanh Thủy, Tonkin). Permission for Ming-Tang. 28/10/1954	Typewritten document of one page and 1/2. Permission granted to Colonel of Justice Troyes. Troyes was head of post at Thanh Thủy in the early 1930s. On the back of the document, the obligations to which the licensees are subjected. Folds and cuts to a fold with small gaps of paper. The annotations in pencil are those of Colonel Troyes who retired annotated his letters and family papers.	Y
1954-12-29 00:00:00	Colonel Troyes, Saigon. Lettre à sa mère sur carte "Commandement en Chef en Indochine"	Colonel Troyes, Saigon. Letter to his mother on card "Commander in Chief in Indochina"	Handwritten card with the heading "Chief Command in Indochina Military Tribunal of Cassation the Government Commissioner." Apart from the words specific to his family, the Colonel, having sent his mother a free parcel ticket, asks her to send old khaki pants that he can exchange for free for new ones. On Sunday, he will participate with Colti, his horse, in a horse show where he is the winner.	Y
1955-01-01 00:00:00	Saigon. Autorisation temporaire de transports de personnalités civiles dans un véhicule militaire.	Saigon. Temporary authorization to transport civilian figures in a military vehicle.	Good condition for this authorization valid for "all territories." On the front, a "note" detailing the responsibility of the card holder and that of the State in the event of an accident, etc.The notes taken at the top of the document are from his hand	Y
1955-01-01 00:00:00	Colonel Troyes (servit à Hà Tinh, etc). Chancelier du Vicariat aux Armées au nom du Cardinal Feltin. Landau.	Colonel Troyes (served in Hà Tinh, etc.). Chancellor of the Vicariate of the Armed Forces on behalf of Cardinal Feltin. Pram.	Good condition of this card of thanks for offering to the collection for worship.	Y
1955-01-01 00:00:00	Colonel Troyes (servit à Hà Tinh, etc). Colonel Montagnon, Commandant d'Infanterie de la 5e D. B..	Colonel Troyes (served in Hà Tinh, etc.). Colonel Montagnon, 5th Armored Infantry Commander.	Greeting card sent to Colonel Troyes by Colonel Montagnon (the card does not bear the colonel's name but comes from his personal papers).	Y
1955-01-01 00:00:00	Lt-Colonel Barada, Chef des Forces Armées en Extrême-Orient, Colonel Troyes, Président du Tribunal Militaire "Cassation"	Lt-Colonel Barada, Chief of the Armed Forces in the Far East, Colonel Troyes, President of the "Cassation" Military Tribunal	Used condition for this 1955 greeting card.	Y
1955-01-01 00:00:00	Lieutenant-Colonel Lu-Chau-Thien et Chef d'Escadrons Convert, G.V.N.S., au Colonel Troyes. 1955.	Lieutenant-Colonel Lu-Chau-Thien and Head of Convert Squadrons, GVNS, to Colonel Troyes. 1955.	Good condition for this invitation of four pages adorned with a cord, invitation to take up arms on the occasion of the transfer of the Command of the 3rd Regiment of the South Vietnam Guard.	Y
1955-02-05 00:00:00	Comandement en Chef en Indochine, Colonel Yves Troyes, Commissaire du Gouvernement.	Chief Command in Indochina, Colonel Yves Troyes, Government Commissioner.	Most of the mail - addressed to his aunt Jeanne - is devoted to family relations. The Colonel then indicates that "Tomorrow, I am going to Laos to accompany the starters for France", that he will undoubtedly participate in the next horse show, that there will be the annual evening at the Circle and that the occasions for entertainment will not not missing. He explains that fortunately his work at the Tribunal leaves him a lot of leisure.	Y
1955-02-23 00:00:00	Colonel Yves Troyes, Commissaire du Gouvernement. Saigon.	Colonel Yves Troyes, Government Commissioner. Saigon.	Letter of a double-sided page addressed to his mother. The Colonel essentially describes a horse show in which he participated on Sunday and the falls accompanied by more or less serious injuries which will encourage him to abandon "a sport that is too violent and dangerous." He adds that the military horses are all going to be sold to the King of Cambodia. ”The letter ends:“ Saigon is calm. Vietnam is moving towards complete independence every day. This leaves the military quite indifferent, but not the civilians who lose their position or their assets. For a large number, it is the catastrophe ."	Y
1955-03-03 00:00:00	Lieutenant-Colonel Billot au Colonel Troyes. Invitation au Bar du Cercle Norodom.	Lieutenant-Colonel Billot to Colonel Troyes. Invitation to the Cercle Norodom Bar.	Poor condition of this notebook in 10x15 format, about 60 pages of which about 30 are handwritten. In the preface, Yves Troyes writes: "If by chance this notebook falls into someone's hands, let him tell himself that what he will read there has been lived and completely authentic". Then he mentions the St-Nicolas college in Gimont where he was bored to death. The following text is entitled "How I escaped death, drowning, hunting accidents, etc. 5 times, all in Samatan. He quotes 2 of his comrades, Urbain Campario and Jean Laspanèze. The following text, very short , describes a meeting of the municipal council where the fall, in Gascon, is humorous. The "Small political incident" relates the arrival in Samatan of Cassagnac and Barthélémy, deputies of Gers, the 2 looking for the house of Félix Troyes, uncle of Yves, and asking our author where his uncle's house is located. Next, we have a text entitled "The rain", then the very picturesque portrait of Marius St. Laurent, accountant at the Samatan mill (belonging to the Troyes family), followed by “My working room.” As a result, a criminal case in Samatan, where, in September 1921, a young woman who gave birth illegally, suffocated and buried her baby. arrest I found no trace of this infanticide. I will not give the name of this young woman. As for the baby's father, only his function and the city where he exercises it are given. A text entitled "Impressions" where it is mentioned the "bad company" of Yves, some love poems, 2 versions of the "six commandments of the cyclyste, another portrait of Marius St Laurent but rhymed in Alexandrines. Yves Troyes made l 'Saumur Cavalry School in 1924/25, followed law courses at the Faculty of Toulouse, served in Indochina at the beginning of the 1930s, head of post at Hà Tinh, Thanh Thủy, then Hue, etc. He ended his career military magistrate, in the rank of Colonel. Ludovic Troyes, his father, was born, lived and died in Samatan (1935). A lawyer by training, he was a feliberate and wrote in the Escolo deras Pireneos. Félix Troyes, brother of Ludovic, wrote a book published in 1911 entitled "Old and Modern Justice. Documents on the judicial institutions of the county of Comminges and monograph of the court of Lombez, Gers. ”Les Troyes were friends with the family of Antin de Vaillac.	Y
1955-06-03 00:00:00	Maître Tran Van Trai au Colonel Troyes, Saigon, 3 Juin 1955.	Master Tran Van Trai to Colonel Troyes, Saigon, June 3, 1955.	Mail addressed to Colonel Troyes on the occasion of the transfer of the Military Court of Cassation from Saigon to Marseilles. Colonel Troyes, before being a military magistate, served as Lieutenant in 1930 in Hà Tĩnh, Thanh Thủy and Huế.	Y
1955-12-01 00:00:00	Colonel Troyes (servit à Hà Tinh, etc). Amicale des Anciens Légionnaires du Palatinat.	Colonel Troyes (served in Hà Tinh, etc.). Association of the Former Legionaries of the Palatinate.	Some freckles on this greeting card addressed to Colonel Troyes by the Amicale (the card does not bear the colonel's name but comes from his personal papers).	Y
1955-12-02 00:00:00	Colonel Troyes (servit à Hà Tinh, etc). Anciens de Saint-Cyr. Bal de bienfaisance. Landau	Colonel Troyes (served in Hà Tinh, etc.). Alumni of Saint-Cyr. Charity ball. Pram	Card on sale from Battalion Commander Hornecker.Card on sale from Battalion Commander Hornecker.	Y
1955-12-28 00:00:00	Colonel Troyes ( servit à Hà Tinh, Thanh-Thuy, etc). Intendant Miltaire Durand de 2e Classe. 414/G.M.S. 607	Colonel Troyes (served in Hà Tinh, Thanh Thủy, etc.). 2nd Class Miltaire Durand Intendant. 414 / GMS 607	Envelope with greeting card. It is indeed Colonel Troyes, Government Commissioner of the 2nd Military Tribunal in Landau.	Y
1955-12-31 00:00:00	Colonel Troyes (servit à Hà Tinh, etc). Anciens élèves des Ecoles Militaires Préparatoires. 5e D. B.	Colonel Troyes (served in Hà Tinh, etc.). Former students of the Preparatory Military Schools. 5th DB	Good condition of this invitation to a dance party given at the Maison de l'Officier in Landau. Colonel Troyes was Government Commissioner of the 2nd Military Tribunal in Landau.	Y
1956-01-01 00:00:00	Consulat de France, Mayence, au Colonel Troyes	Consulate of France, Mainz, to Colonel Troyes	Apart from the additions on the back of the envelope, good condition for this invitation on the occasion of the national holiday of July 14, accompanied by a subscription ticket for the benefit of the needy families of those recalled in North Africa.	Y
1956-01-01 00:00:00	Général Noiret, Commandant en chef des Forces Françaises en Allemagne, Colonel Troyes	General Noiret, Commander-in-Chief of the French Forces in Germany, Colonel Troyes	Good condition of this cocktail invitation	Y
1956-03-08 00:00:00	Colonel Troyes (servit à Hà Tinh, etc). Enfants français de Landau. Foyer de garnison de Landau	Colonel Troyes (served in Hà Tinh, etc.). French children of Landau. Landau Garrison Home	Good condition	Y
1956-05-04 00:00:00	permis de voyager acec chaffeur	driver's license		Y
1956-12-02 00:00:00	Colonel Troyes (servit à Hà Tinh, etc). Anciens de Saint-Cyr. Bal de bienfaisance. Landau.	Colonel Troyes (served in Hà Tinh, etc.). Alumni of Saint-Cyr. Charity ball. Pram.	Illustrated card - in an envelope - on sale from the Landau Officers' circle.	Y
1957-01-01 00:00:00	Carte de pêche du Colonel Troyes (servit comme Lieutenant à Hà-Tinh, Thanh-Thuy, Hué, etc). Algérie. Reghaia.	Colonel Troyes fishing license (served as Lieutenant in Hà-Tinh, Thanh Thủy, Hué, etc). Algeria. Reghaia.	Good condition of this "Les Gaulois du Pont Romain de Reghaia" fishing card.	Y
1957-01-01 00:00:00	Général Giraud au Colonel Troyes, Landau.	General Giraud to Colonel Troyes, Landau.	Good condition for this cocktail invitation.	Y
1957-01-01 00:00:00	Société Nationale des Médaillés Militaires,318e Section de Landau, Colonel Troyes	National Society of Military Medalists, 318th Section of Landau, Colonel Troyes	Good condition of this 4 pages which is an invitation to the annual Landau Military Medalists ball.	Y
1957-02-02 00:00:00	Général de Castries. Lieutenant-Colonel Troyes (servit comme Lieutenant à Hà Tinh,Thanh-Thuy, etc).	General de Castries. Lieutenant-Colonel Troyes (served as Lieutenant in Hà Tinh, Thanh Thủy, etc.).	Good condition of this invitation to the Bal de La Saint-Charlemagne given on February 2, 1957 in the Salons of the Maison de l'Officier in Landau.This invitation, which does not bear the name of Troyes, comes from his military papers.	Y
1957-03-27 00:00:00	permis de voyager par train et par voiture	permit to travel by train and car	permits for car and train travel	Y
1957-07-13 00:00:00	Colonel Juille, 13e Régiment des Tirailleurs Algériens, Colonel Troyes, Landau,	Colonel Juille, 13th Algerian Tirailleurs Regiment, Colonel Troyes, Landau,	Good condition.	Y
1957-11-14 00:00:00	Colonel Troyes. Autorisation d'Importation des armes et des munitions en Algérie.	Colonel Troyes. Authorization to import arms and ammunition into Algeria.	2 documents: an authorization for a double-barreled shotgun, a 12 gauge "Robust" shotgun a 410 Magnum Simplex shotgun, 50 loaded cartridges caliber 12 and 50 cartridges loaded caliber 410 Magnum, a declaration receipt possession of firearms. On the back of the authorization, Customs stamp and the handwritten note "seen on entry into Algeria", with the description of the arms and ammunition as well as the date, 12/22/57.Well-used condition for these 2 documents. The annotation in pencil is in the hand of Lieutenant-Colonel Troyes who, at the retreat, annotated and commented on all his personal papers. Troyes served as lieutenant in Hà-Tinh, Thanh Thủy, Hué, etc.Well-used condition for these 2 documents. The annotation in pencil is in the hand of Lieutenant-Colonel Troyes who, at the retreat, annotated and commented on all his personal papers. Troyes served as lieutenant in Hà-Tinh, Thanh Thủy, Hué, etc.	Y
1957-12-29 00:00:00	Colonel Troyes, Saigon. Lettre à sa mère sur carte "Commandement en Chef en Indochine".	Colonel Troyes, Saigon. Letter to his mother on "Commandement en Chef en Indochina" card.	Handwritten card with the heading "Chief Command in Indochina Military Tribunal of Cassation the Government Commissioner." Apart from the words specific to his family, the Colonel, having sent his mother a free parcel ticket, asks her to send old khaki pants that he can exchange for free for new ones. On Sunday, he will participate with Colti, his horse, in a horse show where he is given as the winner.	Y
1958-06-21 00:00:00	Autorisation de voyage en Algérie et au Sahara, Troyes, (lieutenant en Indochine à Hà Tinh (1931),Thanh-Thuy, Hué, etc	Authorization to travel to Algeria and the Sahara, Troyes, (lieutenant in Indochina at Hà Tinh (1931), Thanh Thủy, Hué, etc.	Exemption from travel authorization for military families, with or without head of family, for trips between France, Algeria or the Sahara. June 21, 1958.The document comes from the personal papers of Lieutenant-Colonel Troyes and has been annotated by him.	Y
1958-07-19 00:00:00	Carte du Club Privé des Officiers d'Alger de Madame Troyes, femme du Colonel Troyes, magistrat militaire.	Card of the Private Club of the Officers of Algiers of Madame Troyes, wife of Colonel Troyes, military magistrate.	Good condition for this four-page document including the photograph of Madame Troyes, her address and the amount of her contribution. The card also bears the stamp "Club des Officiers d'Alger El-Kettani." This stamp is overwritten by the words "PASSENGER MEMBER"	Y
1959-01-01 00:00:00	Guerre d'Algérie. Conducteur J. Fayadat, Alger, au Colonel Troyes, Tribunal Permanent des Forces Armées de Toulouse	Algerian War. Driver J. Fayadat, Algiers, to Colonel Troyes, Permanent Tribunal of the Armed Forces of Toulouse	Handwritten letter of one page recto-verso dated June 20, 1959. Jacques Fayadat, 4th Bureau, 2nd Section, S. P 87000 AFN writes: "as you know, I did not stay long after you at this poor tribunal" and describes his new position, seconded to Headquarters, Place Bugeaud, to the air transport section where he serves as a driver for a squadron leader with a Pugeot 203. He adds that he drives a lot more than before and that he has fewer freedoms. but that he returns to sleep with the company, that he is much better than those who are transferred to the village and that he only has a few months left to do. He evokes his other comrades, Cherasse, secretary in the Cabinet of General Duran who is the 1st deputy of General Challe, Pousse and Brigadiers Barthe and Postic, not detached, who remained in the company where they take guard and patrol, regretting the good time spent in court. The letter ends with the usual considerations.Troyes, originally from Samatan, Gers, served as lieutenant in Indochina at Hà Tinh, Thanh Thủy, Hué, etc.	Y
1959-01-01 00:00:00	Audiences du Tribunal Militaire. Lieutenant-Colonel Troyes ( Hà Tinh, Thanh-Thuy, etc). Alger, Oran, Constantine.	Hearings of the Military Tribunal. Lieutenant-Colonel Troyes (Hà Tinh, Thanh Thủy, etc.). Algiers, Oran, Constantine.	Well-used condition for this document detailing the hearings of Thursday, March 12, 1959. With indication of the names and first names of the accused, all Algerians, the designation of the Tribunal, the names of the defenders and the bar to which they belong, the penalty incurred for the accused : hard labor, hard labor for life, death. Only one case is an "opposition." Note that Master Gonon appears in 3 cases. It could be Yves Gonon, favorable to the cause of the separatists.	Y
1959-01-01 00:00:00	Audiences du Tribunal Militaire. Lieutenant-Colonel Troyes (servit à Hà Tinh, Thanh-Thuy, etc). Alger, Oran.	Hearings of the Military Tribunal. Lieutenant-Colonel Troyes (served in Hà Tinh, Thanh Thủy, etc.). Algiers, Oran.	Well-used condition for this document detailing the hearings of Thursday, March 19, 1959. With indication of the names and surnames of the accused, all Algerians, the designation of the Tribunal, the names of the defenders and the bar to which they belong, the penalty incurred for the accused : prison, hard labor, hard labor for life, death. Only one case is an "opposition." Note that Master Gonon appears in 6 cases. It could be Yves Gonon, favorable to the cause of the separatists.	Y
1959-04-20 00:00:00	Carte individuelle d'habillement du Colonel Troyes (servit comme Lieutenant à Hà-Tinh, Thanh-Thuy, Hué, etc). Algérie.	Individual clothing card for Colonel Troyes (served as Lieutenant in Hà-Tinh, Thanh Thủy, Hué, etc.). Algeria.	Good condition for this nine-page document dated April 20, 1959, Zone Nord Algérois.	Y
1959-05-05 00:00:00	Avis de mutation du Magistrat miltaireTroyes, (lieutenant en Indochine à Hà Tinh (1931),Thanh-Thuy, Hué, etc	Notice of transfer of the Military Magistrate Troyes, (lieutenant in Indochina at Hà Tinh (1931), Thanh Thủy, Hué, etc.	Notice of transfer of the Military Magistrate of 1st class Troyes of the Permanent Tribunal of Cassation of the Armed Forces of Algiers to that of Toulouse, May 5, 1959.The document comes from the personal papers of Lieutenant-Colonel Troyes and has been annotated by him.	Y
1959-05-28 00:00:00	Commandant Lebourdais (Le Bourdais). Commandant Troyes, magistrat militaire. Menu du Kairouan, retour Alger-Marseille	Commander Lebourdais (Le Bourdais). Commandant Troyes, military magistrate. Kairouan menu, return Algiers-Marseille	Four page menu dated May 28, 1959. On page three, drawing in black of the Gorges du Rhumel in Constantine by Roger Chapelet. Redness on the first, second and third page	Y
1959-05-28 00:00:00	Colonel Troyes, Base Militaire d'Alger. Autorisation d'embarquement sur le Kairouan, destination Marseille	Colonel Troyes, Algiers Military Base. Boarding authorization on the Kairouan, destination Marseille	Good condition. The annotation in pencil is by Troyes.	Y
1959-07-30 00:00:00	Testament de Monsieur Troyes aîné, Samatan	Testament of Mr. Troyes elder, Samatan	Well-worn condition for this document of 1 double-sided page in 23x35.5 format.	Y
1959-09-19 00:00:00	Général Sauvagnac. Magistrat Militaire Troyes, (lieutenant en Indochine à Hà Tinh (1931), Thanh-Thuy, Hué.	General Sauvagnac. Magistrate Militaire Troyes, (lieutenant in Indochina at Hà Tinh (1931), Thanh Thủy, Hué.	Good condition of this invitation to the wine of honor, on the occasion of the presentation of the insignia of Grand Officer of the Legion of Honor to General Sauvagnac on September 19, 1959.The invitation came from the personal papers of Lieutenant-Colonel Troyes who, in retirement, annotated and commented on them.	Y
1959-10-12 00:00:00	Général Camadau au Colonel Troyes. Renseignements sur le Général Belin et le Général Boutrot.	General Camadau to Colonel Troyes. Information on General Belin and General Boutrot.	Transcripted handwritten letter of one recto page. General Camadau answers a request for information from Colonel Troyes on Generals Belin and Boutrot. Camadau writes: "Regarding General Belin, the latter is put in non-activity from November 1, 1959 for six months. As for General Broutot, he goes on leave until December 31, 1959, to then take his retirement. He will be replaced in a few days by Colonel Cornu who takes the ?? (2 illegible handwritten words) from Algiers. Camadau adds: "The prognoses to replace Boutrot as general on January 1, 1960 are uncertain. The battle must be raging - but the sound of the gongs does not reach me. "The rest of the mail has nothing military about it. It should be noted that Camadau is familiar with Troyes.	Y
1959-12-14 00:00:00	Dissolution du Tribunal de Cassation d' Alger.Troyes (servit à Hà Tinh, Thanh-Thuy, etc).Toulouse	Dissolution of the Court of Cassation of Algiers.Troyes (served in Hà Tinh, Thanh Thủy, etc.) .Toulouse	Well-used condition for these 2 documents classified "confidential" relating to the dissolution of the Permanent Court of Cassation of the Armed Forces of Algiers. The second document, stapled to the first, is dated December 2, 1959 and comes from the Military Magistrate 1st class Cornu, Government Commissioner to the Permanent Tribunal of the Armed Forces of the North Algiers Zone.The documents do not bear the name of Troyes but come from these personal papers.	Y
1961-07-14 00:00:00	Magistrat Militaire Troyes, (lieutenant en Indochine à Hà Tinh (1931), Thanh-Thuy, Hué. Toulouse	Magistrate Militaire Troyes, (lieutenant in Indochina at Hà Tinh (1931), Thanh Thủy, Hué. Toulouse.	Good condition of this invitation - unattributed - to the July 14 parade.	Y
1961-07-14 00:00:00	Général de Guillebon. Magistrat Militaire Troyes, (lieutenant en Indochine à Hà Tinh (1931), Thanh-Thuy, Hué.	General de Guillebon. Magistrate Militaire Troyes, (lieutenant in Indochina at Hà Tinh (1931), Thanh Thủy, Hué.	Good condition of this invitation to come to the Palais Niel after the July 14 parade.	Y
1961-12-31 00:00:00	Etat des services du Colonel Troyes, 1925/1961. Troyes servit comme lieutenant à Hà Tĩnh, Thanh-Thuy, Hué, Oran, etc	State of the services of Colonel Troyes, 1925/1961. Troyes served as lieutenant in Hà Tĩnh, Thanh Thủy, Huế, Oran, etc.	Document of 9.5 pages with some additions in pencil in the hand of Colonel Troyes: "adjourned twice for weakness", etc. On the "Campaigns" sheet, Colonel Troyes has written numbers and numbers that are supposed to be related to the duration of the Campaigns. The last document is a statement counting Campaigns arrested on December 31, 1960 concerning the military magistrate of 1st Class Troyes, Commissioner of the Government at the Permanent Tribunal of the Armed Forces of Toulouse. It is indicated, on another page, the congratulations, testimonies of satisfaction, quotation and decorations of Colonel Troyes. Small marginal tears with lack of paper. Some spots and folds affect the document. State correct.	Y
1961-12-31 00:00:00	Etats de service du Colonel Troyes (servit comme Lieutenant à Hà-Tinh, Thanh-Thuy, Hué, etc)	Service record of Colonel Troyes (served as Lieutenant in Hà-Tinh, Thanh Thủy, Hué, etc.)	Set of four documents, two photocopies and two handwritten texts relating to the service record of Colonel Troyes. It should be noted that the two photocopies, apparently identical, differ by the handwritten notations.	Y
1962-04-30 00:00:00	Guerre d'Algérie. Coup de main de l'OAS. Bruno Troyes à ses parents, le Colonel et Madame Troyes. Misserghin	Algerian War. Helping hand from the OAS. Bruno Troyes to his parents, the Colonel and Madame Troyes. Misserghin	Letter of 4 double-sided pages carefully describing a helping hand carried out by an OAS commando on April 29, 1962. The operation was carried out "with the probable complicity of our lieutenant who left with the commando as well as a sergeant (career) Assessment of the operation: 14 automatic rifles, 8 PM, 4 AA52 (latest machine guns), 1 LRAC (bazooka), 6000 cartridges, rifle and hand grenades (OF and DF), and rockets, plus 3 radios and a field phone ... ." The mail also mentions the "incredible confusion here. Soon there will be 4 armies: the normal, the OAS, the local force, the NLA, and everyone in the same uniforms." At the end of the letter, Bruno specifies: "For the moment, we are not fixed on our immediate fate, but we will return soon in company and ours has just moved to Oran at the Lycée Lamoricière."Bruno Troyes is the son of Colonel Troyes.	Y
1836-08-30	Samatan, Gers. Contrat anténuptial entre Jean Troyes et Catherine Henriette Millet, 8 Prairial, an onze (1803).	Samatan, Gers. Antenuptial contract between Jean Troyes and Catherine Henriette Millet, 8 Prairial, year eleven (1803).	5-page contract followed by the words "collated by my Royal notary at the Samatan residence today 23 August 1836 ..." and signed by the Royal notary, Podensan.The annotations in pencil are by the hand of Yves Troyes, descendant of the Troyes family, who began his military career in 1931 as a lieutenant in Indochina. Yves Troyes' father, Ludovic, who died in 1935, was a lawyer and felibre. Podensan sold his office as a notary in Samatan to his son-in-law Jean-François-Henri Troyes.	Y